Carga de trabalho em três grupos de pacientes em uma UTI espanhola segundo Nursing Activites Score

The purpose of this study was to assess the nursing workload at admission to and discharge from intensive care of three groups of patients (i.e., acute coronary syndrome, acute respiratory failure, and sepsis). A prospective, descriptive study was performed over a 27-month period and included 563 patients. The workload was assessed using the Nursing Activities Score scale. Significant differences in the workload were determined on the days of admission and discharge: the workload was higher in both cases for patients with acute respiratory failure and sepsis compared with patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome. This difference was maintained over the first seven days of their hospital stay. From day 8 on, the difference disappeared, and a workload balance was achieved in the three groups. Good staffing requires adequate tools for measuring care needs and understanding the workload required in the groups of patients who are most frequently admitted to intensive care.Se objetivó valorizar la carga de trabajo al ingreso y al alta en tres grupos de pacientes (síndrome coronario agudo, insuficiencia respiratoria aguda y sepsis) en terapia intensiva. Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, de 27 meses, incluyéndose 563 pacientes, valorando carga de trabajo según Nursing Activities Score. Existieron diferencias significativas en la carga de trabajo al ingreso y en el alta entre los grupos de pacientes, siendo superior en ambos momentos la de pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda y sepsis frente a pacientes coronarios. Durante los siete primeros días de estancia se mantuvo esta diferencia, desapareciendo a partir del octavo día, equilibrándose la carga de trabajo para los tres grupos. Para conseguir una adecuada dotación de personal es fundamental contar con instrumentos para medir las necesidades de cuidados y conocer la carga de trabajo de los distintos grupos de enfermos que ingresan con mayor frecuencia en las unidades de terapia intensiva.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a carga de trabalho na admissão e alta dos pacientes de três grupos (síndrome coronária aguda, insuficiência respiratória aguda e sepsis) em cuidados intensivos. Trata-se de estudo prospectivo, descritivo, que decorreu durante 27 meses, incluindo 563 pacientes. Para a avaliação da carga de trabalho utilizou-se a escala Nursing Activities Score. A partir dos resultados do estudo parecem existir diferenças significativas na carga de trabalho no dia da admissão e alta entre os grupos de pacientes, sendo a carga maior em ambos os tempos a dos pacientes com insuficiência respiratória aguda e sepsis. Durante os primeiros sete dias de internamento essa diferença manteve-se, desaparecendo no oitavo dia, o que equilibrou a carga de trabalho para os três grupos. Conclui-se que para se conseguir os recursos adequados é essencial dispor de instrumentos para medir as necessidades de cuidados e conhecer a carga de trabalho dos diferentes grupos de pacientes que passam com mais frequência pelas unidades de cuidados intensivos

Bioavailability and systemic transport of oleanolic acid in humans, formulated as a functional olive oil

14 Páginas.-- 6 Figuras.-- 2 TablasEvidence of the pharmacological activity of oleanolic acid (OA) suggests its potential therapeutic application. However, its use in functional foods, dietary supplements, or nutraceuticals is hindered by limited human bioavailability studies. The BIO-OLTRAD trial is a double-blind, randomized controlled study with 22 participants that received a single dose of 30 mg OA formulated as a functional olive oil. The study revealed that the maximum serum concentration of OA ranged from 500 to 600 ng mL-1, with an AUC0-∞ value of 2862.50 ± 174.50 ng h mL-1. Furthermore, we discovered a physiological association of OA with serum albumin and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL). UV absorption spectra showed conformational changes in serum albumin due to the formation of an adduct with OA. Additionally, we demonstrated that TRL incorporate OA, reaching a maximum concentration of 140 ng mL-1 after 2-4 hours. We conjecture that both are efficient carriers to reach target tissues and to yield high bioavailability.This research is part of the R+D+i project PID2019-107837RB-I00, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/Spanish National Research Agency, grant number MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/. A. G.-G. is grateful for funding received from the “Next Generation EU” funds, the European Union through the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan and by the Ministry of Universities, in the framework of the Margarita Salas, Maria Zambrano grants for the Requalification of the Spanish University System 2021–2023, organized by the Pablo de Olavide University, Seville. J. J. R.-M. obtained an Erasmus+ scholarship (No. 2021-1-IT02-KA131-HED-000008483) from the University of Sassari (ITALY), for a stay at the Department of Food and Health of the Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC. The authors especially thank the ACESUR Group (Dos Hermanas, Seville, Spain), which donated the commercial olive oil for the trial. This collaborator had no role in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.Peer reviewe

Nutritional Analysis of the Spanish Population: A New Approach Using Public Data on Consumption

Official population consumption data are frequently used to characterize the diet of countries; however, this information may not always be representative of reality. This study analyses the food consumption of the Spanish population by reconstructing the whole food chain. The results have been compared with the data provided by the National Consumption Panel to which the food losses/waste reported in the literature along the distribution chain have been added. The difference between them allowed a new calculation of the estimated food consumption that was subjected to a dietary-nutritional analysis. Most of the foods were consumed more than those officially reported (range of 5–50%). The unhealthy ratios of consumed foods and recommended servings were: meat products (Rcr = 3.6), fruits and legumes (Rcr = 0.5), and nuts (Rcr = 0.14). Caloric intake surpasses needs. The results were consistent with the data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Spain, as well as with the prevalence of associated diseases. To make a judgment about the quality of a country’s diet, it is necessary to have reliable data on food consumption, as well as energy and nutrient intake. This study encourages other authors to implement this method to verify and quantify the possible difference between official and real consumption data

Evolución de la adherencia a la higiene de manos en un hospital de la Comunidad de Madrid

Background: Hand hygiene (HH) is essential for the prevention of health care-associated infections (HAIs). Compliance rates documented in Spain and internationally are low, although improvement is possible using some strategies and training. The aim of this study was to know the evolution of the adherence to the 5 moments for hand hygiene of the health professionals of the Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón and to propose measures to implement it. Methods: A direct observation study about the compliance of the 5 moments for HH in this hospital for seven years was carried out. Different professional groups received training, using the traditional method and simulation learning. The data was summarized using percentages and absolute frequencies. They were analyzed using SPSS version 21 for Windows. Results: Adherence increased from 37% in 2011 to 57.8% in 2019. Compliance in the 5 moments was higher after patient contact than before it. Nurses were one of the groups with the highest compliance. Conclusions: Even though they have improved, compliance rates need to be maintained and to increase especially in moments as crucial as before an aseptic procedure. Training and the implementation of strategies are key.Fundamentos: La higiene de manos (HM) es fundamental para la prevención de las infecciones relacionadas con la atención sanitaria (IRAS). Los índices de cumplimiento documentados, tanto en España como internacionalmente, son bajos, aunque una mejoría es posible utilizando algunas estrategias y formación. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la evolución de la adherencia a los 5 momentos de higiene de manos de los profesionales sanitarios del Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, y plantear medidas para implementarla. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de observación directa sobre el cumplimiento de los 5 momentos de HM en este hospital durante siete años. Diferentes colectivos profesionales recibieron formación, utilizando el método tradicional y aprendizaje mediante simulación. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, con frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Se analizaron mediante SPSS versión 21 para Windows. Resultados: La adherencia aumentó de un 37% en 2011 a un 57,8% en 2019. El cumplimiento en los 5 momentos fue más alto después del contacto con el paciente que antes de este. El personal de enfermería fue uno de grupos con mayor cumplimiento. Conclusiones: Aunque han mejorado, se necesita mantener los niveles de cumplimiento, y aumentarlos sobre todo en momentos tan cruciales como antes de realizar una técnica aséptica. La formación y la implementación de estrategias son clave

Production of chickpea protein hydrolysate at laboratory and pilot plant scales: Optimization using principal component analysis based on antioxidant activities

10 Páginas.-- 4 Figuras.-- 2 TablasChickpeas are a nutrient-rich source with optimal and high essential amino acid score. To evaluate its potential as a functional food ingredient, 36 chickpea protein hydrolysates were produced at the lab-scale using food-grade enzymes. Parameters including yields, protein content, hydrolysis degree, and antioxidant activities were employed to identify the most favourable conditions for scaling up production to a pilot plant level using a principal component analysis. The selected hydrolysate demonstrated commendable traits: a substantial content of essential amino acids and proteins at 67.71%, notable protein (73.12%) and weight (72.00%) yields, coupled with exceptional solubility exceeding 80%, and a noteworthy digestibility of 89.50%. Upon transition to pilot plant proportions, the hydrolysate retained its attenuated protein profile while exhibiting heightened antioxidant activities. Derived chickpea protein hydrolysates offer promise for innovative foods applications, impacting health and chronic disease prevention.This work was financially supported by the Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI), the Technological Corporation of Andalusia (CTA) together with the company Moreno Ruíz Hermanos S.L.-Aurora Intelligent Nutrition and co-funded by the Multi-Regional Operational Program from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (IDI-20200562) as well as by the State Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2017–2020 – “R + D + i Projects” from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-111368RB-I00).Peer reviewe

Nursing workload in an intensive care unit and its relation with nosocomial infection incidence

Nosocomial infection is one of the most common causes of adverse events and complications related to health care. Development of nosocomial infection is associated with an increase in hospital stay and mortality and an overall increase in health care costs. Knowing the incidence of nosocomial infection is an effective way of controlling and preventing it. Identifying the relationship between nursing workload and nosocomial infections in critical care may be helpful to adjust the staff to the real requirements of the intensive care unit and may help reducing costs. The aim of the present study is to analyze the influence of nursing workload in the development of nosocomial infections in patients admitted to an intensive care unit. A longitudinal correlational research will be performed. The sample will be comprised of the patients admitted in the intensive care unit of the Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón.Data regarding sociodemographical variables, ventilador-associated pneumonia, intravascular catheter location and duration, urinary catheter type and duration, and all pertinent cultures will be obtained from the medical records. Nursing Activities Score scale will be used to assess daily nursing workload in the unit. The number of patients admitted daily, as well as the number of nursing professionals working in each shift will also be taken into account

Nursing workload measurement scales in Intensive Care Units. Correlation between NAS and NEMS

The high costs of intensive care and the importance of patient safety and quality of care highlight the need to develop instrument to measure, as precisely as possible, nursing workload and staffing levels in intensive care. To assess the ideal staff number, we need instruments to measure the real nursing workload. The aim of this research is to compare two nursing workload measurement scales in Intensive Care Units, the Nursing Activities Score (NAS) and Nine Equivalents of Nurse Manpower Use Score (NEMS). We also want to assess the staffing needs of our ICU. A descriptive correlational study will be performed in a mixed medical ICU. The sample will be composed of of a minimum of 70 patients. Data regarding individual patients and unit global workload will be recorded, measured both with the NEMS and NAS scales. The required nursing staff will be calculated according to the measured workload. Nursing staffing needs using both scales will be calculated and compared to the actual staff. A descriptive analysis of the variables will be performed, and the existing correlation between both scales will be assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. A Student-t test will be performed to determine the differences between the calculated staffing requirements and the actual nursing staff. All data analyses will be done using a statistical software

Escalas de medida de carga de trabajo de enfermería en unidades de cuidados críticos. Correlación entre NAS y NEMS

The high costs of intensive care and the importance of patient safety and quality of care highlight the need to develop instrument to measure, as precisely as possible, nursing workload and staffing levels in intensive care. To assess the ideal staff number, we need instruments to measure the real nursing workload. The aim of this research is to compare two nursing workload measurement scales in Intensive Care Units, the Nursing Activities Score (NAS) and Nine Equivalents of Nurse Manpower Use Score (NEMS). We also want to assess the staffing needs of our ICU. A descriptive correlational study will be performed in a mixed medical ICU. The sample will be composed of of a minimum of 70 patients. Data regarding individual patients and unit global workload will be recorded, measured both with the NEMS and NAS scales. The required nursing staff will be calculated according to the measured workload. Nursing staffing needs using both scales will be calculated and compared to the actual staff. A descriptive analysis of the variables will be performed, and the existing correlation between both scales will be assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. A Student-t test will be performed to determine the differences between the calculated staffing requirements and the actual nursing staff. All data analyses will be done using a statistical software.Los altos costes de los cuidados intensivos, así como la calidad de los mismos y la seguridad de los pacientes ponen de relieve la necesidad de disponer de sistemas de medición de carga de trabajo que determinen de manera precisa los requerimientos de personal de enfermería. Para realizar el cálculo de la plantilla ideal, se necesitan instrumentos que midan carga de trabajo de enfermería real. El objetivo de esta investigación es comparar dos escalas de medición de carga de trabajo de enfermería en UCI, la escala NAS y la escala NEMS. También queremos comprobar si nuestra dotación de personal es la apropiada para atender al tipo de pacientes que tenemos en la unidad. Se realizará un estudio descriptivo correlacional en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de adultos polivalente. La muestra estará compuesta por un mínimo de 70 pacientes. Se recogerán datos de carga de trabajo individual y datos de carga de trabajo global de la unidad, todos ellos medidos con las escalas NAS y NEMS. Se calculará la dotación de personal necesaria y el ratio enfermera-paciente con ambas escalas. Se realizará un análisis descriptivo de todas las variables y se estudiará la correlación existente entre los valores obtenidos en cada escala usando el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. También se realizará una comparación de las medias de personal de enfermería necesario calculado mediante ambas escalas utilizando la prueba t de Student. El análisis de datos se realizará con un paquete estadístico

Carga de trabajo de enfermería en una unidad de cuidados intensivos y su relación con la incidencia de infecciones nosocomiales

Nosocomial infection is one of the most common causes of adverse events and complications related to health care. Development of nosocomial infection is associated with an increase in hospital stay and mortality and an overall increase in health care costs. Knowing the incidence of nosocomial infection is an effective way of controlling and preventing it. Identifying the relationship between nursing workload and nosocomial infections in critical care may be helpful to adjust the staff to the real requirements of the intensive care unit and may help reducing costs. The aim of the present study is to analyze the influence of nursing workload in the development of nosocomial infections in patients admitted to an intensive care unit. A longitudinal correlational research will be performed. The sample will be comprised of the patients admitted in the intensive care unit of the Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón. Data regarding sociodemographical variables, ventilador-associated pneumonia, intravascular catheter location and duration, urinary catheter type and duration, and all pertinent cultures will be obtained from the medical records. Nursing Activities Score scale will be used to assess daily nursing workload in the unit. The number of patients admitted daily, as well as the number of nursing professionals working in each shift will also be taken into account.La infección nosocomial es una de las causas más frecuentes de efectos adversos y complicaciones en los sistemas sanitarios. El desarrollo de infecciones nosocomiales se asocia con un aumento de la estancia hospitalaria y de la mortalidad relacionándose con un aumento de los costes. Conocer la incidencia de las infecciones nosocomiales mediante su vigilancia nos ayuda a su prevención y control. Relacionar la tasa de infección nosocomial con la carga de trabajo puede ayudar al ajuste de la plantilla en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y a la reducción de costes. El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar la influencia de la carga de trabajo de enfermería en la aparición de infecciones nosocomiales en los pacientes ingresados en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Se llevará a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal correlacional. La muestra estará compuesta por todos los pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Críticos del Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón. Se obtendrá de la historia clínica los datos sociodemográficos, los episodios de neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica, los tipos y localizaciones de catéteres intravasculares, la duración de los catéteres, los tipos y el tiempo que permanece en el paciente las sondas vesicales y los cultivos pertinentes. Se empleará la escala Nursing Activities Score para medir la carga de trabajo de enfermería diariamente. También, se tendrá en cuenta el número de pacientes diarios en la unidad y el número de enfermeras en cada turno