Effect of firm attributes on return on asset of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria

The profitability of manufacturing companies does not only play the role of improving the market value of that specific company but also leads to the overall growth of the whole sector which translate to improvement on profit level that could be attributable to characteristics possessed by firms. It is on this the study examines the effect of firm attributes on the return on assets of listed companies in Nigeria for a period of five years. The population and sample size of this study comprises of all the 41 listed manufacturing companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at 31 December, 2016. The result of random effect regression provides evidence that all firm attributes apart from operating expenses and firm size had a negative and significant effect on return on asset. Based on this result, the study recommends that listed manufacturing firms should reduce firm size and operating expenses so as to increase the return on assets of their firms and short term cash should not be channeled to fund capital asset.peer-reviewe

Taibung Mipanlangi Wamgmada [Beyond the Web of the Material World]: A Poem by Irom Sharmila

This journal has been published at different time periods under the following titles: Explorations: A Graduate Student Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, Explorations in Southeast Asian Studies, and The Journal of the Southeast Asian Studies Association.The Student Activities Program Fee Boar

Estimation of Dietary Composition and Fecundity of African Carp, Labeo Coubie, Cross River, Nigeria

Dietary composition and aspect of reproductive biology (fecundity and sex ratio) of African carp was investigated for 12 months. Specimens were collected from artisenal fishermen, measured for Length (cm) and weight (g), examined for genital papilla in the male and the stomach removed for food analysis. The main food categories were crustaceans, rotifers, insects, worms, plant parts and mud. The index of relative importance (IRI) values indicated that 13 out of the 21 food items were major diet components. The prominence of detritus in the diet indicated that L. coubie is a bottom feeder and is euryphagus. Fifty eight (58) 28.6% out of the 205 females had matured gonads. Absolute fecundity ranged from 679 to 15073 eggs. The relative fecundity ranged from 40 to 793eggs/Length (cm) and 64 to 286 eggs/weight (g). Spawning was between the months of May through August. The Length – Weight yielded significant results for female than male indicating that, females were in better condition than the males. The overall sex ratio of L. coubie was 1:1.67 in favour of females. The wide food range and high fecundity made L. coubie suitable for pond culture. @ JASEMJ. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. December, 2010, Vol. 14 (4) 19 - 2

Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of high dose short duration enrofloxacin treatment regimen for uncomplicated urinary tract infections in dogs.

BackgroundUncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) in dogs usually are treated with antimicrobial drugs for 10-14 days. Shorter duration antimicrobial regimens have been evaluated in human patients.HypothesisA high dose short duration (HDSD) enrofloxacin protocol administered to dogs with uncomplicated UTI will not be inferior to a 14-day treatment regimen with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.AnimalsClient-owned adult, otherwise healthy dogs with aerobic bacterial urine culture yielding ≥ 10(3) CFU/mL of bacteria after cystocentesis.MethodsProspective, multicenter, controlled, randomized blinded clinical trial. Enrolled dogs were randomized to group 1 (enrofloxacin 18-20 mg/kg PO q24h for 3 days) or group 2 (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 13.75-25 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days). Urine cultures were obtained at days 0, 10, and 21. Microbiologic and clinical cure rates were evaluated 7 days after antimicrobial treatment was discontinued. Lower urinary tract signs and adverse events also were recorded.ResultsThere were 35 dogs in group 1 and 33 in group 2. The microbiologic cure rate was 77.1 and 81.2% for groups 1 and 2, respectively. The clinical cure rate was 88.6 and 87.9% for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Cure rates between groups did not differ according to the selected margin of noninferiority.Conclusions and clinical importanceHDSD enrofloxacin treatment was not inferior to a conventional amoxicillin-clavulanic acid protocol for the treatment of uncomplicated bacterial UTI in dogs. Further research is warranted to determine if this protocol will positively impact owner compliance and decrease the emergence of antimicrobial resistance

OKON EDET UYA: THE PHILOSOPHER OF HISTORY

An introduction to Professor Uya’s philosophy of history class starts with this caution, ‘as a historian, you must learn to think’. Put differently, you must learn to develop a critical mind for healthy scepticism. If Philosophy, is having second thought, that is thinking about the nature of some form of human thought and the implications of some body of human knowledge in the most ultimate and far-reaching way, then Professor Uya’s introductory remarks to his students of philosophy of history is not out of place. Historical judgements can be made by any student through careful and critical reading of the work of modern historians and by paying some attention to the biography, social and intellectual milieu of the author of the book he is reading. The author’s life and background will indicate his experiences and the ideas upon which he will draw in his facts and make inference. As a distinct historical field, historiography implies a systematic study of the way the historian does his work. It involves four different but closely related historical activities. The first is the reflection on the trends and patterns of historical writing and a systematic study of all the important historians; the second, is the discovery of critical analysis of historical sources; the third, is the construction and description of the past on the basis of the facts acquired; the fourth is the construction on the basis of the ascertain facts, of some general theory which gives meaning and inner logic to the known past.1 It is useful for students because it will allow the student to see the whole sweep of historical literature and the changing assumptions and values that govern historical judgements in the modern world. Conscientious reading, research and writing which professor Uya puts his student through has not only given them this broad knowledge, of major historical trends, the course as taught by him, has undoubtedly expedited the gaining of this insight and understanding

The Contributions of Commonwealth to World Diplomacy: 1960-Present

In a globalized world it has often been suggested in recent years that the commonwealth is unnecessary and is in conflict with the United Nation as a World Organization. Commonwealth does not conflict in any way with the United Nations but rather it complements the work of the United Nation, as commonwealth States acting together in many fields have helped make the United Nations more effective. Diplomacy comes from the Greek word “diplomacy” denoting a folded document that was used for identification or to conferrer favour privilege. It comprises the procedures and process of negotiating agreements, usually between sovereign States. In its contemporary usage, the word has come to mean different things to different people ranging from foreign policy, international relations, or simple tact. For the purpose of this paper diplomacy here is thought of in terms of negotiation and co-operation, which means something possibly derived from closer contacts and greater understanding. World diplomacy is used here as the condition in which States settle their differences by negotiating rather than force; in which there is active promotion of co-operation between them, and in which there is a scope for the emergence of new international forces without this becoming the occasion of conflict. The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of independent sovereign State, each responsible for its own policies, consulting and co-operating in the common interest of their peoples and in the promotion of international understanding and World Peace

WOMEN AND ELECTIONEERING APATHY: THE CASE OF CROSS RIVER CENTRAL SENETORIAL DISTRICT, 1999-2015

…Look at my arm! I have ploughed and planted, and gathered into barns and no man could head me! And ain’t I a woman? I could work and eat as much as a man-when I could get to it- and bear de lash as well! And ain’t I a woman? I have borne thirteen children, and seen ‘em mos’ all sold off to slavery, and when I cried out my mother’s grief, none but Jesus heard me! And ain’t I a woman? Den dat little man in black dar, he say women can’t have as much rights as man, ‘cause Christ wasn’t a woman

THE CHALLENGES OF PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS IN WEST AFRICA 1999-2013

The formation of ECOWAS in 1975 should be seen as the culmination of several attempts over a period of one and half decades to form a sub-regional organisation embracing the whole of West Africa. Initial attempts had floundered first, as a result of the rivalry between Ghana (under Kwame Nkrumah) and Nigeria (under Tafawa Balewa) in the early 1960s and later, the struggle for supremacy in the sub-region between Nigeria and Cote d’Ivoire along Anglophone-Francophone lines. The events that delayed the formation have been well documented by O. Aluko, AKD Frempong, O.A. Obasanjo and O.J.B. Ojo