The Role of Self-Attitude in the Personal and Professional Development of High School Students

Introduction. The instability of the modern world with its rapidly changing social and economic realities requires the readiness of a person for self-change. For this reason, along with vocational education, higher education has to include the programmes to form future experts’ skills of professional self-development, which success depends on many circumstances, including self-attitude. The aim of the research presented in the publication was to define the role of self-attitude in personal and professional self-development of students in the course of their professional training in higher education institution.Methodology and research methods. Empirical methods were employed in the course of the research. The complex of psycho-diagnostic techniques was used: test-questionnaire of self-attitude by V. V. Stolin and S. R. Pantileev; tests: Life-Purpose Orientations Test by D. A. Leontiev, The General Self-Efficacy Scale by M. Jerusalem, R. Schwarzer and V. Romek, Assessment of Self-Control in Communication by M. Snyder; questionnaires: Personal Orientation Inventory by E. L. Shostrom, Ability to Self-Development by V. I. Zvereva, Willingness to SelfKnowledge and Self-Development by T. A. Ratanova and N. F. Shlyahta, Determination of level of reflexivity development by A. V. Karpov, Style of Self-Regulation Behaviour of Students by V. I. Morosanova. The obtained respondents’ responses (n = 110) were processed using methods of mathematical statistics, such as correlation and cluster analysis.Results and scientific novelty. Different theoretical approaches to the problem of self-attitude highlighted in the scientific literature are considered. The affective and cognitive components of self-attitude are emphasised. Significant correlation relationships between the characteristics of self-attitude and level of motivational readiness for self-knowledge and self-development of 2nd-4th-year students-psychologists of N. P. Ogarev Mordovia State University have been revealed. It appears to be rather attributed by the fact that the attitude of students towards themselves in many respects is defined by the level of formation of their reflexive and regulatory qualities, understanding of the purpose and meaning of life, confidence in the professional success, which provide an incentive for self-change and self-improvement. The conducted cluster analysis allowed the authors to group the students around different levels of professional self-attitude and self-development (very high, high average and stagnant). The results of the research show that positive self-attitude is one of the important factors in self-development. The process of awareness of self-worth encourages the person to periodically reflect on career prospects and implementation of plans, providing the grounds for creative self-realisation. Practical significance. The results obtained can be used by teachers and psychologists of higher educational institutions to organise psycho-pedagogical support for personal and professional self-development of students.Введение. Нестабильность современного мира с его стремительно преображающимися социальными и экономическими реалиями требует готовности человека к самоизменению. По этой причине высшее образование помимо профессионального обучения должно включать программы, формирующие у будущих специалистов умения и навыки профессионального саморазвития, успешность которого зависит от многих обстоятельств, в том числе от отношения индивида к самому себе. Цель представленного в статье исследования – обозначить роль самоотношения в личностном и профессиональном саморазвитии студентов в период их обучения в вузе. Методы и методики. Работа выполнялась при помощи эмпирических методов. Использовался комплекс психодиагностических методик: тест-опросник cамоотношения В. В. Столина и С. Р. Пантилеева; тесты: смысложизненных ориентаций Д. А. Леонтьева, «Шкала общей самоэффективности» М. Ерусалема, В. Ромека и Р. Шварцера, «Оценка самоконтроля в общении» М. Снайдера; опросники: личностной ориентации А. Шострома, «Способность к саморазвитию» И. В. Зверевой, «Готовность к самопознанию и саморазвитию» Т. А. Ратановой и Н. Ф. Шляхта, определения уровня развития рефлексивности А. В. Карпова, «Стиль саморегуляции поведения студентов» В. И. Моросановой. Для обработки ответов респондентов (n = 110) применялись методы математической статистики – корреляционный и кластерный виды анализа. Результаты и научная новизна. Рассмотрены различные теоретические подходы к проблеме самоотношения, освещенные в научной литературе. Особо выделены аффективные и когнитивные составляющие данного феномена. Обследование выборки студентов-психологов, обучающихся на 2–4-м курсах Мордовского государственного университета им. Н. П. Огарева, обнаружило значимые корреляционные взаимосвязи между характеристиками самоотношения и мотивационной готовностью к самопознанию и саморазвитию. Этот факт, очевидно, объясняется тем, что отношение студентов к себе во многом определяется уровнем сформированности их рефлексивных и регулятивных качеств, осознанием цели и смысла жизни, уверенностью в своей профессиональной успешности, которые служат стимулом к самоизменению и самосовершенствованию. Проведенный кластерный анализ позволил распределить участников опросов на группы в зависимости от их уровня самоотношения и профессионального саморазвития (очень высокого, высокого среднего и стагнирующего). Описана специфика каждой группы. Сделан вывод о том, что позитивное самоотношение является одним из решающих факторов профессионального роста индивида, поскольку осознание собственной ценности побуждает человека рефлексировать по поводу карьерных перспектив и стремиться к осуществлению своих планов, создает предпосылки для творческой самореализации. Практическая значимость. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы преподавателями высших учебных заведений для организации психолого-педагогического сопровождения процессов личностного и профессионального развития студентов

String Method for the Study of Rare Events

We present a new and efficient method for computing the transition pathways, free energy barriers, and transition rates in complex systems with relatively smooth energy landscapes. The method proceeds by evolving strings, i.e. smooth curves with intrinsic parametrization whose dynamics takes them to the most probable transition path between two metastable regions in the configuration space. Free energy barriers and transition rates can then be determined by standard umbrella sampling technique around the string. Applications to Lennard-Jones cluster rearrangement and thermally induced switching of a magnetic film are presented.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Guidelines for the Use and Reporting of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma Clinical Trials

© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Simple Summary: It is recognized that patients with multiple myeloma (MM) experience a high burden of disease and treatment-related symptoms that impact upon their quality of life (QoL). In these patients, patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are important in providing information on how treatment affects their QoL. In the past 10 years in the MM setting, the main focus has been to achieve the most durable remission with the best QoL as primary goals of therapy. Optimizing the QoL of patients with MM is an important treatment goal and the use of PROs in clinical trials has the potential to improve treatment outcomes. The present report, on behalf of the European Hematology Association (EHA), provides evidence-based guidelines for the use and reporting of PROs in patients with MM that have been developed according to the EHA’s core Guidelines Development Methodology. Currently, there is considerable variation in the measurement of QoL in MM trials, thus underlining the importance of systematic measurements. These Guidelines will aid clinicians, regulatory agencies and the pharmaceutical industry in the measurement of QoL in patients with MM in clinical trials. Abstract: In the era of personalized medicine there is an increasing need for the assessment of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to become a standard of patient care. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) are important in assessing significant and meaningful changes as a result of an intervention based on a patient’s own perspective. It is well established that active multiple myeloma (MM) can be characterized by a high burden of disease and treatment-related symptoms, with considerable worsening of quality of life (QoL). In general, and over the past decade, the focus has shifted to obtaining the most durable remissions with the best QoL as primary goals for MM treatment. Patients place considerable value on their QoL and communicating about QoL data prior to treatment decisions allows them to make informed treatment choices. Consequently, optimization of QoL of patients with MM is an important therapeutic goal and the incorporation of PROs into clinical trials has the potential of improving treatment outcomes. In this regard, guidance for the use and reporting of PROMs in MM in clinical trials is warranted. Under the auspices of the European Hematology Association, evidence-based guidelines for the use and reporting of PROs in patients with MM have been developed according to the EHA’s core Guidelines Development Methodology. This document provides general considerations for the choice of PROMs in MM clinical trials as well as a series of recommendations covering a selection of PROMs in MM clinical trials; the mode of administration; timing of assessments; strategies to minimize missing data; sample size calculation; reporting of results; and interpretation of results.Peer reviewe

A Doubly Nudged Elastic Band Method for Finding Transition States

A modification of the nudged elastic band (NEB) method is presented that enables stable optimisations to be run using both the limited-memory quasi-Newton (L-BFGS) and slow-response quenched velocity Verlet (SQVV) minimisers. The performance of this new `doubly nudged' DNEB method is analysed in conjunction with both minimisers and compared with previous NEB formulations. We find that the fastest DNEB approach (DNEB/L-BFGS) can be quicker by up to two orders of magnitude. Applications to permutational rearrangements of the seven-atom Lennard-Jones cluster (LJ7) and highly cooperative rearrangements of LJ38 and LJ75 are presented. We also outline an updated algorithm for constructing complicated multi-step pathways using successive DNEB runs.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 2 table

Highly site-specific H2 adsorption on vicinal Si(001) surfaces

Experimental and theoretical results for the dissociative adsorption of H_2 on vicinal Si(001) surfaces are presented. Using optical second-harmonic generation, sticking probabilities at the step sites are found to exceed those on the terraces by up to six orders of magnitude. Density functional theory calculations indicate the presence of direct adsorption pathways for monohydride formation but with a dramatically lowered barrier for step adsorption due to an efficient rehybridization of dangling orbitals.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. (1998). Other related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.htm

Highly efficient separation of actinides from lanthanides by a phenanthroline-derived bis-triazine ligand

The synthesis, lanthanide complexation, and solvent ex- traction of actinide(III) and lanthanide(III) radiotracers from nitric acid solutions by a phenanthroline-derived quadridentate bis-triazine ligand are described. The ligand separates Am(III) and Cm(III) from the lanthanides with remarkably high efficiency, high selectivity, and fast extraction kinetics compared to its 2,2'-bipyridine counterpart. Structures of the 1:2 bis-complexes of the ligand with Eu(III) and Yb(III) were elucidated by X-ray crystallography and force field calculations, respec-tively. The Eu(III) bis-complex is the first 1:2 bis-complex of a quadridentate bis-triazine ligand to be characterized by crystallography. The faster rates of extraction were verified by kinetics measurements using the rotating membrane cell technique in several diluents. The improved kinetics of metal ion extraction are related to the higher surface activity of the ligand at the phase interface. The improvement in the ligand's properties on replacing the bipyridine unit with a phenanthroline unit far exceeds what was anticipated based on ligand design alone

Microscopic theory of quadrupolar ordering in TmTe

We have calculated the crystal electric field of TmTe (T>T_Q) and have obtained that the ground state of a Tm 4f hole is the $\Gamma_7$ doublet in agreement with Mossbauer experiments. We study the quadrupole interactions arising from quantum transitions of 4f holes of Tm. An effective attraction is found at the L point of the Brillouin zone, $\vec{q}_L$. Assuming that the quadrupolar condensation involves a single arm of $\vec{q}_L$ we show that there are two variants for quadrupole ordering which are described by the space groups C2/c and C2/m. The Landau free energy is derived in mean-field theory. The phase transition is of second order. The corresponding quadrupole order parameters are combinations of $T_{2g}$ and $E_g$ components. The obtained domain structure is in agreement with observations from neutron diffraction studies for TmTe. Calculated lattice distortions are found to be different for the two variants of quadrupole ordering. We suggest to measure lattice displacements in order to discriminate between those two structures.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables; accepted by PR

Complexation of lanthanides, actinides and transition metal cations with a 6-(1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)-2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridine ligand: implications for actinide(III) /lanthanide(III) partitioning

The quadridentate N-heterocyclic ligand 6-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3-yl)-2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridine (CyMe4-hemi-BTBP) has been synthesized and its interactions with Am(III), U(VI), Ln(III) and some transition metal cations have been evaluated by X-ray crystallographic analysis, Am(III)/Eu(III) solvent extraction experiments, UV absorption spectrophotometry, NMR studies and ESI-MS. Structures of the 1:1 complexes with Eu(III), Ce(III) and the linear uranyl (UO22+) ion were obtained by X-ray crystallographic analysis, and showed similar coordination behavior to related BTBP complexes. In methanol, the stability constants of the Ln(III) complexes are slightly lower than those of the analogous quadridentate bis-triazine BTBP ligands, while the stability constant for the Yb(III) complex is higher. 1H NMR titrations and ESI-MS with lanthanide nitrates showed that the ligand forms only 1:1 complexes with Eu(III), Ce(III) and Yb(III), while both 1:1 and 1:2 complexes were formed with La(III) and Y(III) in acetonitrile. A mixture of isomeric chiral 2:2 helical complexes was formed with Cu(I), with a slight preference (1.4:1) for a single directional isomer. In contrast, a 1:1 complex was observed with the larger Ag(I) ion. The ligand was unable to extract Am(III) or Eu(III) from nitric acid solutions into 1-octanol, except in the presence of a synergist at low acidity. The results show that the presence of two outer 1,2,4-triazine rings is required for the efficient extraction and separation of An(III) from Ln(III) by quadridentate N-donor ligand