Models for the lithium abundances of multiple populations in globular clusters and the possible role of the Big Bang lithium

Globular cluster stars show chemical abundance patterns typical of hot-CNO processing. Lithium is easily destroyed by proton capture in stellar environments, so its abundance may be crucial to discriminate among different models proposed to account for multiple populations. In order to reproduce the observed O-Na anticorrelation and other patterns typical of multiple populations, the formation of second generation stars must occur from the nuclearly processed stellar ejecta, responsible of the chemical anomalies, diluted with pristine gas having the composition of first generation stars. The lithium abundance in the unprocessed gas -which is very likely to be equal to the lithium abundance emerging from the Big Bang- affects the lithium chemical patterns among the cluster stars. This paper focuses on a scenario in which processed gas is provided by asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We examine the predictions of this scenario for the lithium abundances of multiple populations. We study the role of the non-negligible lithium abundance in the ejecta of massive AGB (A(Li)~2), and, at the same time, we explore how our models can constrain the extremely large ---and very model dependent--- lithium yields predicted by recent super--AGB models. We show that the super--AGB yields may be tested by examining the lithium abundances in a large set of blue main sequence stars in wCen and/or NGC2808. In addition, we examine the different model results obtained by assuming for the pristine gas either the Big Bang abundance predicted by the standard models (A(Li)=2.6-2.7), or the abundance detected at the surface of population II stars (A(Li)=2.2-2.3). Once a chemical model is well constrained, the O--Li distribution could perhaps be used to shed light on the primordial lithium abundance

Interplay of the LHC and non-LHC dark matter searches in the effective field theory approach

We present accurate and up-to-date constraints on the complete set of dimension five and six operators with scalar, fermion and vector dark matter (DM). We find limits using LHC monojet data, spin independent and spin dependent direct searches, relic density and CMB, and show the interplay between high and low energy data in setting bounds on the parameter space. In order to properly compare data taken at different energies, we take into account the effect of the running and mixing of operators. We also take into account the local density uncertainties affecting direct detection data, and apply EFT validity criteria related to the cut on the invariant mass of DM pair production at the LHC, which turns out to be especially important for the case of vector DM. Finally, we estimate the potential of the future LHC runs to probe DM parameter space.</p

Cronache meridionali. A. VI, n.1-12 (1959)

N. 1 (gennaio 1959): L'opposizione e le istanze unitarie del Mezzogiorno, P. 1 ; Alinovi, A., Congresso socialista e rinascita meridionale, P. 7 ; Cinanni, P., Un convegno sulla valorizazione della montagna, P. 17 ; Per la costruzione dello stabilimento siderurgico e l’intervento del l'I.r.i. nel Mezzogiorno, P. 26 ; La risoluzione del Convegno di Napoli, P. 35 ; Viviani, L., Poliomielite e vaccino, P. 35 ; Il « simpatico arcivescovo», P. 38 ; Rimborso spese Risorgimento, P. 39 ; Chiaromonte, G., Il piano regolatore di Napoli, P. 47 ; Amore, S., Un'inchiesta sulla piccola e media industria in Campania, P. 64 ; Giudici, S., Il Banco di Sicilia e l'autonomia, P. 72 ; Valenzi, M., Francesco Gabrieli: Il Risorgimento arabo, P. 77 ; Libro bianco sulle illegalità del governo Fanfani, P. 79 ; Ferdinando Bologna: Francesco Solimena, P.80.N. 2 (febbraio 1959): Il governo dell'on. Segni, P. 81 ; Napolitano, G., I contadini e lo sviluppo dell'agricoltura, P. 83 ; Spallone, G., Problemi dell'emigrazione, P. 99 ; Il movimento di rinascita e la crisi governativa, P. 113 ; Lo sviluppo della cooperazione, P. 114 ; Al di fuori delle leggi, P. 116 ; Dal rapporto dell'O.e.c.e. sull'economia italiana, P. 118 ; Un convegno sull' artigianato, P. 119 ; Gramegna, G., L'agricoltura pugliese e l'imponibile di mano d'opera, P. 128 ; Sotgiu, G., Il piano di rinascita della Sardegna, P. 131 ; Villari, R., Alberto Caracciolo: L'inchiesta agraria Jacini, P. 145 ; Libertà e autonomia per la Sicilia (dal Memorandum dei socialisti di Palermo al senatore Codronchi), P. 152.N. 3 (marzo 1959): Amendola, G., Proposte per un programma dell'opinione democratica italiana, P. 161 ; Failla, V., Petrolio e industrializzazione, P. 168 ; Grifone, P., Crisi agraria e trasformazioni colturali, P. 186 ; Riconsacrazione dell'« iniziativa privata» a Brindisi, P. 199 ; L'abbraccio di Castellammare, P. 200 ; Una proposta dell'ono. Fascetti, P. 201 ; Cimino, M., La Sicilia verso le elezioni, P. 214 ; Sansone, N., Professionisti in un paese pugliese, P. 220 ; Basso, L., Gaetano Salvemini, socialista e meridionalista; Villari, R., Enzo Tagliacozzo: Gaetano Salvemini nel cinquantennio liberale, P. 226 ; Daniele, I., Giuseppe Tomasi Di Lampedusa: Il Gattopardo (I.Daniele), P. 229.N. 4 (aprile 1959): Alicata, M., L'Italia e il patto atlantico, P. 233 ; Chiaromonte, G., L'ottavo esercizio della Cassa per ii Mezzogiorno, P. 236 Valenzi, M., Profughi italiani dalla Tunisia e dall'Egitto, P. 247 ; L'Assemblea generale dell'Isveimer, P. 249 ; Napoli e il centenario del 1860, P. 251 ; De Ciampis, M., Note sul movimento socialista tra gli emigrati italiani in U.S.A. (1890-1921), P. 255 ; Amore, S., Le lotte operaie per lo sviluppo delle Manifatture cotoniere meridionali, P. 274 ; Spallone, G., Bilancio e prospettive dell'industrializzazione, P. 285 ; Esposto, A., Movimento contadino e riforma agraria, P. 294 ; Primo Congresso abruzzese dei lauoratori della terra - Sulmona 18 marzo 1917, P. 305.N. 5 (maggio 1959): Colajanni, N., Le elezioni siciliane, P. 317 ; Li Causi, G., Autonomia regionale e partiti politici in Sicilia, P. 322 ; Miceli, G., Prospettive e condizioni di sviluppo della cooperazione, P. 332 ; Villani, P., Di alcuni presupposti del moderatismo napoletano, P. 363 ; Lauro, Covelli e Segni, P. 356 ; I programmi dell'I.r.i. e dell'E.n.i., P. 357 ; Sede vacante, P. 359 ; Servizio a domicilio, P. 361 ; Una proposta di legge per Napoli, P. 370 ; Pistlllo, M., Panorama preelettorale a Bari, P. 383 ; Sansone, N., Il paradosso di Molfetta, P. 391 ; Napolitano, G., Francesco Compagna: Terroni in città, P. 398 ; Villari, R., Luigi De Rosa: Studi sugli arrendamenti del Regno di Napoli, P. 400 ; Ricci, P., Riccardo Raimondi: Degas e la sua famiglia in Napoli, P. 402.N. 6 (giugno 1959): Pajetta, G., Il valore nazionale del voto siciliano, P. L'ingegner La Cavera e la Confindustria, P. 421 ; Caprara, M., Il progetto di legge per Napoli, P. 422 ; De Jaco, A., La stampa italiana e il processo a Pupetta Maresca, P. 424 ; Chiaromonte, G., L'assistenza pubblica a Napoli, P. 449 ; Napolitano, G., Domenico La Cavera:Petrolio e azione di governo ai fini dell'industrializzazione in Sicilia; ID.: Un decennio di travaglio per l'industrializzazione della economia siciliana, P. 457 ; Villari, R., Karl Kautsky: La questione agraria, P. 400 ; Daniele., I., Domenico Rea: Una vampata di rossore, P. 463 ; Causa, R., La mostra celebrativa di Michele Cammarano, P. 464 ; Domanico, G., Discussioni sulla questione agraria e proposte per i contadini, P. 467.N. 7-8 (luglio-agosto 1959): Alinovi, A., Spinta meridionalista, P. 473 ; Natta, A., Il problema della scuola, P. 477 ; D'Antonio, M., e I. Palermo, Il Banco di Napoli e la stampa napoletana , P. 486 ; Villari, R., La polemica antiriiormista di Arturo Labriola, P. 497 ; L'industria di Stato e il Mezzogiorno, P. 506 ; Cutolo e De Micheli, P. 507 ; Formiggini, G., La legge siciliana di riforma amministrativa, P. 512 ; Per una legge organica a favore delle piccole e medie imprese industriali, P. 526 ; Modifiche e integrazioni della legge recante provvedimenti per il Mezzogiorno, P. 538 ; Pirastu, L., La lotta del popolo sardo per il piano di rinascita, P. 545 ; Petrone, I., L'industrializzazione della Lucania, P. 549 ; Berlinguer, G., e S. Delogu, La medicina è malata, P. 555 ; Daniele, I., Ottiero Ottieri: Donnarumma all'assalto, P. 557 ; Rossi, R., Federico De Roberto: I Vicerè, P. 559 ; Labriola, A., La questione meridionale e le riforme del periodo Giolittiano, P. 561.N. 9 (settembre 1959): Calamandrei, F., Il Mezzogiorno e la svolta internazionale, P. 569 ; Chiaromonte, G., e L. Cosenza, Il piano regionale campano, P. 576 ; Gomez, M., I prezzi delle patate, P. 593 ; Caprara, M., Tre proposte di legge per Napoli, P. 604 ; Una inchiesta sulle attrezzature civili del Mezzogiorno, P. 611 ; Iocco, E. Per lo sviluppo della piccola e media industria, P. 622 ; Sommario della legislazione a favore delle industrie, P. 626 ; Cimino, M., I contagiosi casi di Sicilia, P. 635 ; Rizzo, G.,Lo sciopero dei conservieri a Mugnano, P. 641 ; Villari, R., Georges Lefebvre: Les paysans du Nord pendant la Révolution française, P. 645 ; Valenza, P., Michele Lacalamita: La civiltà contadina, P. 648, Daniele, I., Aldo De Jaco: Una settimana eccezionale, P. 650.N. 10 (ottobre 1959): Il Congresso della Democrazia cristiana, P. 653 ; Chiaromonte, G., La pianificazione regionale, P. 656 ; Natta, A., Il progetto Medici per la scuola, P. 662 ; Caprara, M., La tortuosa vicenda del rinino delle elezioni, P. 670 ; Il programma del P.d.i., 677 Corrao, L., Cosa vuole la Sicilia, P. 684 ; Proposte per lo sviluppo economico della Sicilia, P. 700 ; Il metano di Ferrandina, P. 706 ; Maglietta, C., Per lo sviluppo della piccola e media industria, P. 708 ; Sul progetto di legge per fusioni e trasformazioni di società, P. 712 ; D'Antonio, M., e I. Palermo, Confusione e trasformismo nella D.c. a Napoli, P. 719.N. 11 (novembre 1959): Chiaromonte, G., l congressi democristiani nel Mezzogiorno, P. 733 ; Napolitano, G., Dci piani regionali a una nuova politica economica, P. 746 ; Fontani, A., Emigrazione e movimento di popolazione, P. 750 ; Sansone, N., Il processo di Marigliano, P. 767 ; La Cavera, D., e R. Posca (interventi nel dibattito di), Per lo sviluppo della piccola e media industria, P. 771 ; Caprara, M., Il Premio Nobel a Salvatore Quasimodo, P. 778 ; Ziccardi, A., L'Ente di irrigazione appulo-lucano, P.787 ; Pellegrino, G., La pesca nel Canale di Sicilia, P. 793 ; Villari, R., Storia dell'economia italiana, a cura di C. M. Cipolla, P. 799 ; Boeri, E., Theodor Heuss: L'«Acquario» di Napoli e il suo fondatore Antonio Dohrn, P. 802 ; Gaetano Salvemini: Suffragio universale e clericalismo, P. 805.N. 12 (dicembre 1959): Longo, L., Monopoli e industrializzazione in Sicilia, P. 809 ; Valenzi, P., e L. Silipo, L'alluvione in Lucania e Calabria, P. 823 ; Lapiccirella, R., L'incredibile vicenda dell'acquedotto campano, P. 834 ; Napolitano, G., Piani regionali ed attuazione delle Regioni, P. 839 ; Valenzi, M., La terza Conferenza di Belgrado. Anticolonialismo e distensione, P. 847 ; Chiarnomonte, G., Ancora sullalegge speciale per Napoli, P. 849 ; Amore, S., Il M.e.c. e la provincia di Napoli, P. 858 ; Fermariello, C. ( intervento nel dibattito di ) Per lo sviluppo della piccola e media industria, P. 860 ; Progetto di legge per la « Modifica del sistema contributivo delle assicurazioni sociali a favore delle piccole e medie aziende industriali», P. 865 ; Pelella, E., L'industria calzaturiera a Napoli, P. 868 ; Chiaromonte, G., Emilio Luongo - Antonio Oliva: Napoli come è, P. 873 ; Villari, R., Critica sociale, a cura di M. Spinella, A. Caracciolo, H. Amaduzzi, G. Petronio, P. 876

Chasing Gravitational Waves with the Chereknov Telescope Array

Presented at the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2023), 2023 (arXiv:2309.08219)2310.07413International audienceThe detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo (GW170817), along with the discovery of the electromagnetic counterparts of this gravitational wave event, ushered in a new era of multimessenger astronomy, providing the first direct evidence that BNS mergers are progenitors of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Such events may also produce very-high-energy (VHE, > 100GeV) photons which have yet to be detected in coincidence with a gravitational wave signal. The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a next-generation VHE observatory which aims to be indispensable in this search, with an unparalleled sensitivity and ability to slew anywhere on the sky within a few tens of seconds. New observing modes and follow-up strategies are being developed for CTA to rapidly cover localization areas of gravitational wave events that are typically larger than the CTA field of view. This work will evaluate and provide estimations on the expected number of of gravitational wave events that will be observable with CTA, considering both on- and off-axis emission. In addition, we will present and discuss the prospects of potential follow-up strategies with CTA

Interpolation of Instrument Response Functions for the Cherenkov Telescope Array in the Context of pyirf

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation ground-basedvery-high-energy gamma-ray observatory, constituted by tens of Imaging AtmosphericCherenkov Telescopes at two sites once its construction and commissioning are finished. Like its predecessors, CTA relies on Instrument Response Functions (IRFs) to relate the observed and reconstructed properties to the true ones of the primary gamma-ray photons. IRFs are needed for the proper reconstruction of spectral and spatial information of the observed sources and are thus among the data products issued to the observatory users. They are derived from Monte Carlo simulations, depend on observation conditions likethe telescope pointing direction or the atmospheric transparency and can evolve with time as hardware ages or is replaced. Producing a complete set of IRFs from simulations for every observation taken is a time-consuming task and not feasible when releasing data products on short timescales. Consequently, interpolation techniques on simulated IRFs are investigated to quickly estimate IRFs for specific observation conditions. However, as some of the IRFs constituents are given as probability distributions, specialized methods are needed. This contribution summarizes and compares the feasibility of multiple approaches to interpolate IRF components in the context of the pyirf python software package and IRFs simulated for the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1). We will also give an overview of the current functionalities implemented in pyirf

Chasing Gravitational Waves with the Chereknov Telescope Array

Presented at the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2023), 2023 (arXiv:2309.08219)2310.07413International audienceThe detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo (GW170817), along with the discovery of the electromagnetic counterparts of this gravitational wave event, ushered in a new era of multimessenger astronomy, providing the first direct evidence that BNS mergers are progenitors of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Such events may also produce very-high-energy (VHE, > 100GeV) photons which have yet to be detected in coincidence with a gravitational wave signal. The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a next-generation VHE observatory which aims to be indispensable in this search, with an unparalleled sensitivity and ability to slew anywhere on the sky within a few tens of seconds. New observing modes and follow-up strategies are being developed for CTA to rapidly cover localization areas of gravitational wave events that are typically larger than the CTA field of view. This work will evaluate and provide estimations on the expected number of of gravitational wave events that will be observable with CTA, considering both on- and off-axis emission. In addition, we will present and discuss the prospects of potential follow-up strategies with CTA

Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to the gamma-ray emission from neutrino sources detected by IceCube

Gamma-ray observations of the astrophysical neutrino sources are fundamentally important for understanding the underlying neutrino production mechanism. We investigate the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) ability to detect the very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray counterparts to the neutrino-emitting Active Galaxies. The CTA performance under different configurations and array layouts is computed based on the neutrino and gamma-ray simulations of steady and transient types of sources, assuming that the neutrino events are detected with the IceCube neutrino telescope. The CTA detection probability is calculated for both CTA sites taking into account the visibility constraints. We find that, under optimal observing conditions, CTA could observe the VHE gamma-ray emission from at least 3 neutrino events per year

Performance of a proposed event-type based analysis for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next-generation observatory in the field of very-high-energy (20 GeV to 300 TeV) gamma-ray astroparticle physics. Classically, data analysis in the field maximizes sensitivity by applying quality cuts on the data acquired. These cuts, optimized using Monte Carlo simulations, select higher quality events from the initial dataset. Subsequent steps of the analysis typically use the surviving events to calculate one set of instrument response functions (IRFs). An alternative approach is the use of event types, as implemented in experiments such as the Fermi-LAT. In this approach, events are divided into sub-samples based on their reconstruction quality, and a set of IRFs is calculated for each sub-sample. The sub-samples are then combined in a joint analysis, treating them as independent observations. This leads to an improvement in performance parameters such as sensitivity, angular and energy resolution. Data loss is reduced since lower quality events are included in the analysis as well, rather than discarded. In this study, machine learning methods will be used to classify events according to their expected angular reconstruction quality. We will report the impact on CTA high-level performance when applying such an event-type classification, compared to the classical procedure

Variability studies of active galactic nuclei from the long-term monitoring program with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Blazars are active galactic nuclei (AGN) with a relativistic jet oriented toward the observer. This jet is composed of accelerated particles which can display emission over the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Spectral variability has been observed on short- and long-time scales in AGN, with a power spectral density (PSD) that can show a break at frequencies below the well-known red-noise process. This break frequency in the PSD has been observed in X-rays to scale with the accretion regime and the mass of the central black hole. It is expected that a break could also be seen in the very-high-energy gamma rays, but constraining the shape of the PSD in these wavelengths has not been possible with the current instruments. The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be more sensitive by a factor of five to ten depending on energy than the current generation of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, therefore it will be possible with CTA to reconstruct the PSD with a high accuracy, bringing new information about AGN variability. In this work, we focus on the AGN long-term monitoring program planned with CTA. The program is proposed to begin with early-start observing campaigns with CTA precursors. This would allow us to probe longer time scales on the AGN PSD