A Review of Real World Big Data Processing Structure: Problems and Solutions

Information sort and sum in human culture is developing in astonishing pace which is brought about by rising new administrations as distributed computing, web of things and area-based administrations, the time of enormous information has arrived. As information, has been principal asset, how to oversee and use enormous information better has pulled in much consideration. Particularly, with the advancement of web of things, how to handling huge sum continuous information has turned into an extraordinary test in research and applications. As of late, distributed computing innovation has pulled in much consideration with elite, yet how to utilize distributed computing innovation for substantial scale ongoing information preparing has not been contemplated. This paper concentrated the difficulties of huge information firstly and finishes up every one of these difficulties into six issues. Keeping in mind the end goal to enhance the execution of constant handling of substantial information, this paper manufactures a sort of real-time big data processing (RTDP) design considering the distributed computing innovation and after that proposed the four layers of the engineering, and various leveled figuring model. This paper proposed a multi-level stockpiling model and the LMA-based application organization technique to meet the continuous and heterogeneity necessities of RTDP framework. We utilize DSMS, CEP, group-basedMap Reduce and other handling mode and FPGA, GPU, CPU, ASIC advancements contrastingly to preparing the information at the terminal of information gathering. We organized the information and afterward transfer to the cloud server and Map Reduce the information consolidated with the effective processing abilities cloud design. This paper brings up the general structure for future RTDP framework and computation techniques, is right now the general strategy RTDP framework outline

Near-Field Microwave Microscopy on nanometer length scales

The Near-Field Microwave Microscope (NSMM) can be used to measure ohmic losses of metallic thin films. We report on the presence of a new length scale in the probe-to- sample interaction for the NSMM. We observe that this length scale plays an important role when the tip to sample separation is less than about 10nm. Its origin can be modeled as a tiny protrusion at the end of the tip. The protrusion causes deviation from a logarithmic increase of capacitance versus decreasing height of the probe above the sample. We model this protrusion as a cone at the end of a sphere above an infinite plane. By fitting the frequency shift of the resonator versus height data (which is directly related to capacitance versus height) for our experimental setup, we find the protrusion size to be 3nm to 5nm. For one particular tip, the frequency shift of the NSMM relative to 2 micrometers away saturates at a value of about -1150 kHz at a height of 1nm above the sample, where the nominal range of sheet resistance values of the sample are 15 ohms to 150 ohms. Without the protrusion, the frequency shift would have followed the logarithmic dependence and reached a value of about -1500 kHz.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures (included in 6 pages

Genre Analysis of Argumentative Essays of Pakistani EFL Learners

Argumentative essay is an important but difficult genre for non-native learners. There is a dearth of research in Pakistan that describes the nature of argumentative writing from genre-analytical perspective. The current study aimed at finding rhetorical patterns of argumentative essays written by Pakistani college and university students at ICLE (International Corpus of Learner English). A corpus of thirty three argumentative essays has been made. Hyland's model (1990) has been used as the analytical framework to analyze the move-step structure of the essays. In this corpus-based study Ant Mover software as well as human coders have identified and coded the moves. Results have shown that most of the argumentative essays followed the three stages given in the model and they also have obligatory moves set in the model. Findings have revealed that these essays also include some new moves which are not part of the model. The results of this study have pedagogical implications for the teaching and learning of ESP/EFL. It also provides the teachers with better information that can help to improve their teaching approach and materials for academic writing. Key words: argumentative essays, corpus-based, genre analysis, move-step structur

[Case Study] Reducing the negative environmental impact of SMEs in Pakistan’s leather and tanning industry

In the year 2000 the Norwegian Agency for Cooperation and Development (NORAD) and the Pakistan Government began to work together to reduce the environmental impact of small and medium-sized enterprizes (SMEs) in Pakistan’s private sector. Initial work began with the leather and tanning industry; one that was particularly known to be responsible for water pollution impacting on the availability of clean water to local communities. A social marketing programme was launched to change SME owners’/managers’ behaviour so as to reduce waste and negative environmental impact. At the same time SMEs would benefit from developing new capabilities, improving working conditions, increasing efficiency and cost savings, enhancing product quality, reputation and profitability. The programme was judged to be successful and was subsequently extended to other industrial sectors. However, while many SME owners adopted the new behaviours, others did not. This case study particularly focuses on the differences between adopters and non-adopters of pro-environmental behaviours to suggest how those implementing social change programmes can best target their interventions and accelerate the adoption process

AC solar cells: An embedded "all in one" PV power system

Journal ArticlePower converters constructed from discrete components are difficult to mass produce, and the installation involves a significant labor cost to have the proper interconnection among the panel, inverter and the grid. These facts indicate that the present PV technology may not be able to address the challenges involved in reaching the DOE target of $1/W. Therefore, a paradigm shift in the design of the entire PV power system is needed to reach this goal. In order to increase the converter reliability and watts/$, the active and passive elements of a power converter (especially capacitors and active switches such as MOSFETs, JFETs or IGBTs) could be embedded on the same substrate material used for fabricating the p-n junctions in the photovoltaic panel. To the knowledge of the author, there is no prior work in cell level power conversion, and therefore, this project idea could be considered as an "Out of the box" kind. A novel fabrication process is proposed in this paper demonstrating the integration of PV cells and two major components needed to build a power converter. Because of the cell level power conversion, PV panels constructed from these cells are likely to be immune to partial shading and hot-spot effects. The end goal of this research is to produce 120V/240V ac output directly from the panel. An extremely accurate device simulator (*Silvaco Athena/Atlas) was used to generate reasonably accurate characteristics of the proposed PV system

Analysis of combined approaches of CBIR systems by clustering at varying precision levels

The image retrieving system is used to retrieve images from the image database. Two types of Image retrieval techniques are commonly used: content-based and text-based techniques. One of the well-known image retrieval techniques that extract the images in an unsupervised way, known as the cluster-based image retrieval technique. In this cluster-based image retrieval, all visual features of an image are combined to find a better retrieval rate and precisions. The objectives of the study were to develop a new model by combining the three traits i.e., color, shape, and texture of an image. The color-shape and color-texture models were compared to a threshold value with various precision levels. A union was formed of a newly developed model with a color-shape, and color-texture model to find the retrieval rate in terms of precisions of the image retrieval system. The results were experimented on on the COREL standard database and it was found that the union of three models gives better results than the image retrieval from the individual models. The newly developed model and the union of the given models also gives better results than the existing system named cluster-based retrieval of images by unsupervised learning (CLUE)

The antecedents and the outcomes of foreign market knowledge accumulation – the dynamic managerial capability perspective

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to establish the antecedents and the outcomes of foreign market knowledge (FMK) accumulation in the context of emerging economies. The antecedent is dynamic managerial capability (DMC) with managerial human capital, social capital and cognition as its dimensions. The outcomes are financial and non-financial performances. This study bridges the gap by linking individual-level capability and FMK accumulation to achieve performance. Design/methodology/approach: This study has utilized a survey-based approach to collect data. The sample consists of 365 export manufacturing firms operating in the apparel industry of Bangladesh. Structural equation modeling analysis has been used to test the hypothesized model. Findings: The direct effects of managerial social capital and managerial cognition on FMK accumulation are positively significant. The results also show that FMK accumulation fully mediates the relationship between: managerial social capital and financial and non-financial performances and managerial cognition and financial and non-financial performances. Practical implications: Export manufacturing entrepreneurs in the low-tech industry should focus more on the network development and leverage on their cognitive mentality as a global mindset to succeed in international markets. These two factors are critical to accumulate foreign knowledge. Originality/value: This study provides empirical evidence on dynamic managerial capability and FMK accumulation of export manufacturing firms in low-tech emerging economies context. Out of the three building blocks of DMC, this study has found that managerial social capital and managerial cognition of entrepreneurs are crucial as antecedents to FMK accumulation and firm performance