112 research outputs found
Two Cases of Unilateral Ashy Dermatosis
Ashy dermatosis is a typically asymptomatic disease of unknown origin that causes symmetrical gray spots to appear on the trunk and extremities. We report 2 cases of ashy dermatosis with unilateral distribution. To our knowledge, only 5 cases of ashy dermatosis with unilateral lesion have been reported so far. Case 1: an 11-year-old woman presented with asymptomatic slate-gray pigmented plaques on the left trunk and left upper arm. The skin biopsy specimen demonstrated a mild lymphohistiocytotic infiltrate in the upper dermis with epidermal and dermal melanosis. Q-Switched ruby laser did not improve such lesions. Case 2: a 21-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of asymptomatic slate-gray pigmented plaques on the left trunk and left upper arm. Histopathological findings were compatible with a mild lymphocytic infiltration with melanin incontinence in the upper dermis. The mechanism that governs unilateral distribution of ashy dermatosis, including in our cases, remains unclear
A Case of Dapsone-induced Mild Methemoglobinemia with Dyspnea and Cyanosis
Dapsone is a dual-function drug with antimicrobial
and antiprotozoal effects and anti-inflammatory
features (1). In dermatology, it is a first choice for conditions
such as leprosy, IgA pemphigus, dermatitis
herpetiformis, and linear IgA bullous dermatosis, or
an adjunctive treatment for, e.g. bullous pemphigoid
(BP) and pemphigus vulgaris (1). However, dapsone is
associated with some adverse effects, including methemoglobinemia
(1)
Destabilized Passivation Layer on Magnesium-Based Intermetallics as Potential Anode Active Materials for Magnesium Ion Batteries
Passivation of magnesium metal anode is one of the critical challenges for the development of magnesium batteries. Here we investigated the passivation process of an intermetallic anode: Mg3Bi2 synthesized by solid-state and thin film process. The Mg3Bi2 composite electrode shows excellent reversibility in magnesium bis(trifluoromethansulfonylamide) dissolved in acetonitrile, while Mg3Sb2, which has same crystal structure and similar chemical properties, is electrochemically inactive. We also fabricated the Mg3Bi2 thin film electrodes, which show reversibility with low overpotential not only in the acetonitrile solution but also glyme-based solutions. Surface layer corresponding to the decomposed TFSA anion is slightly suppressed in the case of the Mg3Bi2 thin film electrode, compared with Mg metal. Comparative study of hydrolysis process of the Mg3Bi2 and the Mg3Sb2 suggests that the both intermetallic anodes are not completely passivated. The bond valence sum mapping of the Mg3Bi2 indicates that the fast Mg2+ diffusion pathway between 2d tetrahedral sites is formed. The electrochemical properties of the Mg3Bi2 anode is mainly due to the less passivation surface with the fast Mg2+ diffusion pathways
Ultrasonic shears assistance can shorten the console time in robotic gastrectomy for early gastric cancer
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Why do legal arrangements for the institutions of government (legislative, executive, judicial branches) in Western liberal democracies develop faster, or in a different way, in one jurisdiction in comparison to another? In this article, it is argued that constitutional theory can help us understand the development of these legal institutional arrangements, for example in light of of the changing role of national highest courts in the the globalised legal context. For this purpose, the concept of constitutional (in-)flexibility is introduced, which can explain how national constitutional frameworks enable or constrain the integration of normative changes in national legal systems. Four elements encompassed by this concept are identified: the detail of constitutional norms, the modalities for revising the national Constitution, the approach to legal argumentation taken by interpreters of the Constitution, and the influence attributed to international law within the national legal system. This analytical framework is applied to the illustrative case of judicial globalisation - concerning, inter alia, the judicial use of non-binding foreign law - to explain similarities and differences concerning the way in which changes affecting the functioning of national highest courts are integrated within different legal systems. This analysis, in turn, yields some insight into the further development of constitutional theory in the era of globalisation
Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs) VIII. A less biased view of the early co-evolution of black holes and host galaxies
We present ALMA [CII] line and far-infrared (FIR) continuum observations of
three low-luminosity quasars () discovered by our
Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. The [CII] line was detected in all three
targets with luminosities of , about one order
of magnitude smaller than optically luminous ()
quasars. The FIR continuum luminosities range from
(3 limit) to , indicating a wide range
in star formation rates in these galaxies. Most of the HSC quasars studied thus
far show [CII]/FIR luminosity ratios similar to local star-forming galaxies.
Using the [CII]-based dynamical mass () as a surrogate for bulge
stellar mass (), we find that a significant fraction of
low-luminosity quasars are located on or even below the local relation, particularly at the massive end of the galaxy mass
distribution. In contrast, previous studies of optically luminous quasars have
found that black holes are overmassive relative to the local relation. Given
the low luminosities of our targets, we are exploring the nature of the early
co-evolution of supermassive black holes and their hosts in a less biased way.
Almost all of the quasars presented in this work are growing their black hole
mass at much higher pace at than the parallel growth model, in which
supermassive black holes and their hosts grow simultaneously to match the local
relation at all redshifts. As the low-luminosity
quasars appear to realize the local co-evolutionary relation even at , they should have experienced vigorous starbursts prior to the currently
observed quasar phase to catch up with the relation.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (PASJ
Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs) III. Star formation properties of the host galaxies at studied with ALMA
We present our ALMA Cycle 4 measurements of the [CII] emission line and the
underlying far-infrared (FIR) continuum emission from four optically
low-luminosity () quasars at discovered by
the Subaru Hyper Suprime Cam (HSC) survey. The [CII] line and FIR continuum
luminosities lie in the ranges
and , which are at least one
order of magnitude smaller than those of optically-luminous quasars at . We estimate the star formation rates (SFR) of our targets as
. Their line and continuum-emitting
regions are marginally resolved, and found to be comparable in size to those of
optically luminous quasars, indicating that their SFR or likely gas mass
surface densities (key controlling parameter of mass accretion) are accordingly
different. The ratios of the hosts, , are fully consistent with local star-forming
galaxies. Using the [CII] dynamics, we derived their dynamical masses within a
radius of 1.5-2.5 kpc as . By
interpreting these masses as stellar ones, we suggest that these faint quasar
hosts are on or even below the star-forming main sequence at , i.e.,
they appear to be transforming into quiescent galaxies. This is in contrast to
the optically luminous quasars at those redshifts, which show starburst-like
properties. Finally, we find that the ratios of black hole mass to host galaxy
dynamical mass of the most of low-luminosity quasars including the HSC ones are
consistent with the local value. The mass ratios of the HSC quasars can be
reproduced by a semi-analytical model that assumes merger-induced black
hole-host galaxy evolution.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in PAS
Heat shock protein 90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 exerts potent activity against adult T-cell leukemia?lymphoma cells
Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL), an aggressive neoplasm etiologically associated with HTLV-1, is a chemoresistant malignancy. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is involved in folding and functions as a chaperone for multiple client proteins, many of which are important in tumorigenesis. In this study, we examined NVP-AUY922 (AUY922), a second generation isoxazole-based non-geldanamycin HSP90 inhibitor, and confirmed its effects on survival of ATL-related cell lines. Analysis using FACS revealed that AUY922 induced cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis; it also inhibited the growth of primary ATL cells, but not of normal PBMCs. AUY922 caused strong upregulation of HSP70, a surrogate marker of HSP90 inhibition, and a dose-dependent decrease in HSP90 client proteins associated with cell survival, proliferation, and cell cycle in the G1 phase, including phospho-Akt, Akt, IKKα, IKKβ, IKKγ, Cdk4, Cdk6, and survivin. Interestingly, AUY922 induced downregulation of the proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) in ATL cells. The PIM family (PIM-1, -2, -3) is made up of oncogenes that encode a serine/threonine protein kinase family. As PIM kinases have multiple functions involved in cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis, their downregulation could play an important role in AUY922-induced death of ATL cells. In fact, SGI-1776, a pan-PIM kinase inhibitor, successfully inhibited the growth of primary ATL cells as well as ATL-related cell lines. Our findings suggest that AUY922 is an effective therapeutic agent for ATL, and PIM kinases may be a novel therapeutic target. This report first describes the effectiveness of a novel HSP90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 to adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) cells
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