Expert system for managing logistic processes

The management of resources is one of the three most important areas of management in defense, besides the information management and the human resources management. By defining the concepts of Information Systems, decision support systems, expert systems, as well as their component parts, the possibilities they offer and the way of their functioning, we have made an attempt to present the Logistics Information System as an Expert System. The growing importance and the need for fast, timely and continuous logistic support of military units imposes the need for introducing a computer automated system which will increase the work efficiency and will save time for managers and decision makers at all levels of the Command and Control in the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Macedonia. Having accurate information in appropriate time, especially regarding the availability of material resources, is a prerequisite for effectively managing logistic processes and for successfully performing tasks by military units. Key words: information systems, systems, resources, military, manager, management of resources, logistics, information use, expert systems

Unusual fibrous band in the brachium - a probable remnant from the rare chondroepitrochlearis muscle

An unusual fibrous band in the medial brachial region was found during routine anatomical dissection of the left upper limb of a 67-y-old female cadaver. This interesting structure started from the posterior layer of the pectoral major fascia. The fibrous band emerged from the lower border of the pectoralis major close to its humeral attachment, it then crossed obliquely downwards and posteriorly the medial brachial region and finally it was attached to the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Most probably, this fibrous structure represents a remnant from the chondroepitrochlearis - a variant muscle that is rarely observed in man. Because this fibrous band has very close relations to the brachial vessels and the median and ulnar nerves in the arm, in certain circumstances it may probably cause neurovascular compression

Globalization processes, security and security perspectives in the region

Usually, the main issues being discussed today refer to different political, economic, security, cultural, confessional and other situations in the world, which are making the world civilization more global on a daily basis, tightly related, transparent and accessible for the most of the citizens. Globalization is more present into the political, economic, social and security segment and it is only a matter of dynamics and volume according to which it will be carried out. Reforms and globalizations have enormously influenced the security processes in the world, Europe, Balkans and the Republic of Macedonia.This kind of processes in some parts of the world have contributed to assure peace. The issues of economic integration of Europe and enlargement of European Union, present one of the most successful peace projects in the world history, which help the human kind to construct a foundation for resources and intellectual potential for providing higher level of regional and international security. State interdependence helps in generating the political approaches aimed towards a creation of democratic multilateral mechanism for governing the international system and an alternative for the security problems. Collective influence of the world community is needed to expand the old security problems which will provoke new risks and threats

ICAO action plan on emissions reduction: Republic of Bulgaria

ICAO environmental action plans present States' measures to reduce emissions from international aviation. Action plans are a practical means for States to communicate to ICAO information on their activities to address CO2 emissions from international civil aviation. The level of detail of the information contained in an action plan demonstrates the effectiveness of actions and will ultimately enable ICAO to measure global progress towards meeting the goals set by Assembly Resolution A37-19

An abnormally enlarged frontal sinus - a case of pneumosinus dilatans

During routine autopsy of a 62-y-old female cadaver, an unusually enlarged frontal sinus was observed. The sinus was abnormally over-developed in both width and height, as the sinus cavity spreads deeply into the frontal tubera. Numerous septa divided the sinus cavity. Because of the obvious dilation of the frontal sinus and the lack of localized bone destruction and hyperostosis, a rare condition called `pneumosinus dilatans` probably occurs in this interesting case

The genetic history of the Southern Arc: a bridge between West Asia and Europe

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra–West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations. This contrasts with all other regions where Indo-European languages were spoken, suggesting that the homeland of the Indo-Anatolian language family was in West Asia, with only secondary dispersals of non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans from the steppe

Logistics supply chain and their application

Logistics is a set of activities for planning and implementing the relocation of materials. Since sources of raw materials, factories and outlets are not usually in the same location it is therefore necessary to conduct a series of logistics activities for supplying products or services to end users. Logistics manages the flow of data from suppliers, movement of materials through various operations within the organization as well as the flow of materials to final customers. Integrating these logistics activities is performed through supply chains which provide opportunities for cost saving and offering better services to customers. The supply chains in the Macedonian Army are an important factor in the planning and implementation of logistics support. Keywords: supply; servicing; planning; materials; logistics; implementation; activit

Improved technical characteristics of the MI-8/17 in the Army of FYR Macedonia

Worldwide experience has shown that MI-8/17 helicopters are on the top of the middle class list of high performance multipurpose helicopters, flying at high altitudes in complex meteorological conditions. The paper addresses their development, transport, as well as rescuing and combat capabilities. The excellent technical characteristics of flight and their capabilities for uninterrupted and smooth performance of tasks demonstrate the reason why the Armed forces of the FYR of Macedonia decided to use Mi-8/17 helicopters and are determined to invest in their modernization and improvement of their technical capabilities. The modernization of the resources of armies is a continuous process, which is a part of all modern military security structures. Most armed forces do not economize the funds allocated for this purpose, due to the fact that they aspire to achieve the planned capabilities, so that they would attain the ultimate preparedness in terms of capabilities of the security forces regarding technology and trained personnel. Key words: modernization, technical capabilities, project, aircraft, performance, force

Action plan of Bulgaria for CO2 emissions reduction from civil aviation (Implementation of ICAO resolution A-38/18 on climate change)

Action plans are a practical means for States to communicate to ICAO information on their activities to address CO2 emissions from international civil aviation. The ICAO Action Plan contains info about:Expected results: International RTK (Revenue Tonne Kilometre), fuel consumption, and projected future CO2 emissions (to 2050 is ideal); List of measures proposed to address CO2 emission from international civil aviation ; and Information on any assistance needs (financial, technological, training, etc.)

Postnatal Changes in the Morphology of the Myocardium in Rat Ventricles

Background: Aging of the myocardium is a dynamic process which involves progressive loss of cardiomyocytes due to necrosis and apoptosis, interstitial fibrosis and reactive hypertrophy of the remaining vital cardiomyocytes. In our study, we investigated the postnatal changes in the myocardium of 15 adult male Wistar rats, distributed in the following age groups: 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months old. We used routine hematoxylin and eosin staining and Mallory’s trichrome stain. Results: Hypertrophy of the cardiomyocytes and accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in the interstitial space in the aging myocardium were observed. The occurrence of these processes was more dynamic in the left ventricle as opposed to the right ventricle owing to the functional dissimilarities between the two ventricles and a more pronounced effect of afterload on the left ventricle.Conclusions: In conclusion, it can be stated that aging of the myocardium is a dynamic process, characterized by hypertrophy of the cardiomyocytes, reduced capillary density and increased deposition of collagen.</p