286 research outputs found
Parish Clergy of Voronezh Diocese in Fight Against the Cholera Epidemic of 1892—1893
The article is devoted to the study of the role of clergy and clergymen of the Voronezh diocese in the fight against the spread of the cholera epidemic of 1892-1893. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the contribution of the clergy of the Orthodox Russian Church to countering the spread of infectious diseases has practically not been studied. It is noted that in the Russian Empire, Orthodox clerics were not only ministers of the altar, but also performed a number of socially significant functions. Based on a wide range of historical sources, the author analyzes the attitude of the population of the Voronezh province to cholera disease. The educational activity of clerics, the participation of clergy in organizing aid to parishioners are considered. It is emphasized that the clergy were closely associated with the peasant population of the empire, daily contact with them during the divine service. The study showed that the state tried to use the experience and knowledge of the clergy and clergymen, considering them as the social support of the autocratic system. The author concludes that the parish clergy and clergymen played an important role in the fight against infectious disease, not only participating in educational activities and spiritually supporting the population, but also providing those in need with initial medical assistance
Modeling the process of producing hydrogen from methane
Using the chemical reactions that accompany the production of syngas via the steam reforming of methane as a basis, the differential material balance equations were derived and solved for all conversion products on an aluminum/nickel catalyst. For the following stage of hydrogen synthesis on an iron/chromium catalyst, the system of two differential equations of the material balance of the direct and reverse reactions of steam carbon monoxide conversion was obtained and solved. The analytical solutions were compared with the experiment. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd
Temperature-driven single-valley Dirac fermions in HgTe quantum wells
We report on temperature-dependent magnetospectroscopy of two HgTe/CdHgTe
quantum wells below and above the critical well thickness . Our results,
obtained in magnetic fields up to 16 T and temperature range from 2 K to 150 K,
clearly indicate a change of the band-gap energy with temperature. The quantum
well wider than evidences a temperature-driven transition from
topological insulator to semiconductor phases. At the critical temperature of
90 K, the merging of inter- and intra-band transitions in weak magnetic fields
clearly specifies the formation of gapless state, revealing the appearance of
single-valley massless Dirac fermions with velocity of
ms. For both quantum wells, the energies extracted from
experimental data are in good agreement with calculations on the basis of the
8-band Kane Hamiltonian with temperature-dependent parameters.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures and Supplemental Materials (4 pages
Temperature-dependent magnetospectroscopy of HgTe quantum wells
We report on magnetospectroscopy of HgTe quantum wells in magnetic fields up
to 45 T in temperature range from 4.2 K up to 185 K. We observe intra- and
inter-band transitions from zero-mode Landau levels, which split from the
bottom conduction and upper valence subbands, and merge under the applied
magnetic field. To describe experimental results, realistic
temperature-dependent calculations of Landau levels have been performed. We
show that although our samples are topological insulators at low temperatures
only, the signature of such phase persists in optical transitions at high
temperatures and high magnetic fields. Our results demonstrate that
temperature-dependent magnetospectroscopy is a powerful tool to discriminate
trivial and topological insulator phases in HgTe quantum wells
Injuries and Diseases of the Population of the Upper Sura and Moksha Rivers in the 17th–18th CC
The article characterizes the anthropological materials with traces of pathological changes. All material has been discovered in the territory of the Upper Sura and Moksha rivers, and dated the 17th-18th centuries. Two osteological collections from older cemeteries were studied. The first collection was found in the territory of Penza city, and the second collection was found discovered in Narovchat town. Traces of post-traumatic changes are often identified on the bones. They are localized on the cranial vault, in the orbit region, etc. Traces of fractures on the clavicles are often revealed. Traces of oncology disease are relatively rare. There are numerous bones with traces of syphilis pathological changes in the materials from the territory of Penza. These traces are discovered on the skulls and bones of the postcranial skeleton (mostly the tibia). The materials from Narovchat feature two skulls with tooth incision pathologies. In one case, there were signs of anomalies in the development of pelvic bones as a result of rhizomelic spondylitis
Copper(II) complexes of functionalized 2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridines and 2,6-di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine : structure, spectroscopy, cytotoxicity and catalytic activity
Six new copper(II) complexes with 2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridine (4’-Rn-terpy) [1 (R1 = furan-2-yl), 2 (R2 = thiophen-
2-yl), and 3 (R3 = 1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)] and 2,6-di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine derivatives (Rn-dtpy)
[4 (R1), 5 (R2), and 6 (R3)] have been synthesized by a reaction between copper(II) chloride and the corresponding
ligand. The complexes have been characterized by UV-vis and IR spectroscopy, and their structures
have been determined by X-ray analysis. The antiproliferative potential of copper(II) complexes of
2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridine and 2,6-di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine derivatives towards human colorectal (HCT116) and
ovarian (A2780) carcinoma as well as towards lung (A549) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cell lines
was examined. Complex 1 and complex 6 were found to have the highest antiproliferative effect on
A2780 ovarian carcinoma cells, particularly when compared with complex 2, 3 with no antiproliferative
effect. The order of cytotoxicity in this cell line is 6 > 1 > 5 > 4 > 2 ≈ 3. Complex 2 seems to be much
more specific towards colorectal carcinoma HCT116 and lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The viability
loss induced by the complexes agrees with Hoechst 33258 staining and typical morphological apoptotic
characteristics like chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. The specificity towards different
types of cell lines and the low cytotoxic activity towards healthy cells are of particular interest and are a
positive feature for further developments. Complexes 1–6 were also tested in the oxidation of alkanes
and alcohols with hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl-hydroperoxide (TBHP). The most active catalyst 4
gave, after 120 min, 0.105 M of cyclohexanol + cyclohexanone after reduction with PPh3. This concentration
corresponds to a yield of 23% and TON = 210. Oxidation of cis-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane with
m-CPBA catalyzed by 4 in the presence of HNO3 gave a product of a stereoselective reaction (trans/cis =
0.47). Oxidation of secondary alcohols afforded the target ketones in yields up to 98% and TON = 630
Emission spectra of terahertz quantum cascade laser
We calculated energy levels, wave functions, and energies of radiative transitions in terahertz
quantum cascade lasers based on GaAs/Al0.15Ga0.85As heterostructures. Current-voltage characteristics
and current dependences of laser radiation intensity were measured, and the maximum
operating temperatures reaching 85 K were determined. Radiation spectra of quantum cascade
lasers were measured for different temperatures, and the effect of intensity “pumping” from lowfrequency
modes to high-frequency modes was found to happen in the case of an increase in the
current and time delay of the signal capture, which is explained by heating of the sample during
a pulse of the current. Application of the lasers for registration of impurity photoconductivity
signals in semiconductor heterostructures was demonstrated
Deuteron and antideuteron production in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV
The production of deuterons and antideuterons in the transverse momentum
range 1.1 < p_T < 4.3 GeV/c at mid-rapidity in Au + Au collisions at
sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV has been studied by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. A
coalescence analysis comparing the deuteron and antideuteron spectra with those
of protons and antiprotons, has been performed. The coalescence probability is
equal for both deuterons and antideuterons and increases as a function of p_T,
which is consistent with an expanding collision zone. Comparing (anti)proton
yields p_bar/p = 0.73 +/- 0.01, with (anti)deuteron yields: d_bar/d = 0.47 +/-
0.03, we estimate that n_bar/n = 0.64 +/- 0.04.Comment: 326 authors, 6 pages text, 5 figures, 1 Table. Submitted to PRL.
Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and
previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at
http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm
Mid-Rapidity Direct-Photon Production in p+p Collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV
A measurement of direct photons in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV is
presented. A photon excess above background from pi^0 --> gamma+gamma, eta -->
gamma+gamma, and other decays is observed in the transverse momentum range 5.5
< p_T < 7 GeV/c. The result is compared to a next-to-leading-order perturbative
QCD calculation. Within errors, good agreement is found between the QCD
calculation and the measured result.Comment: 330 authors, 7 pages text, RevTeX, 2 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to
Physical Review D. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures
for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available
at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm
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