Bound States of (Anti-)Scalar-Quarks in SU(3)_c Lattice QCD

Light scalar-quarks \phi (colored scalar particles or idealized diquarks) and their color-singlet hadronic states are studied with quenched SU(3)_c lattice QCD in terms of mass generation. We investigate ``scalar-quark mesons'' \phi^\dagger \phi and ``scalar-quark baryons'' \phi\phi\phi as the bound states of scalar-quarks \phi. We also investigate the bound states of scalar-quarks \phi and quarks \psi, i.e., \phi^\dagger \psi, \psi\psi\phi and \phi\phi\psi, which we name ``chimera hadrons''. All the new-type hadrons including \phi are found to have a large mass due to large quantum corrections by gluons, even for zero bare scalar-quark mass m_\phi=0 at a^{-1}\sim 1{\rm GeV}. We conjecture that all colored particles generally acquire a large effective mass due to dressed gluon effects.Comment: Talk given at The 17th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2006), Kyoto, Japan, 2-7 Oct 200

Computational procedure for finite difference solution of one-dimensional heat conduction problems reduces computer time

Computational procedure reduces the numerical effort whenever the method of finite differences is used to solve ablation problems for which the surface recession is large relative to the initial slab thickness. The number of numerical operations required for a given maximum space mesh size is reduced

Detection of flux emergence, splitting, merging, and cancellation of network field. I Splitting and Merging

Frequencies of magnetic patch processes on supergranule boundary, namely flux emergence, splitting, merging, and cancellation, are investigated through an automatic detection. We use a set of line of sight magnetograms taken by the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) on board Hinode satellite. We found 1636 positive patches and 1637 negative patches in the data set, whose time duration is 3.5 hours and field of view is 112" \times 112". Total numbers of magnetic processes are followed: 493 positive and 482 negative splittings, 536 positive and 535 negative mergings, 86 cancellations, and 3 emergences. Total numbers of emergence and cancellation are significantly smaller than those of splitting and merging. Further, frequency dependences of merging and splitting processes on flux content are investigated. Merging has a weak dependence on flux content only with a power- law index of 0.28. Timescale for splitting is found to be independent of parent flux content before splitting, which corresponds to \sim 33 minutes. It is also found that patches split into any flux contents with a same probability. This splitting has a power-law distribution of flux content with an index of -2 as a time independent solution. These results support that the frequency distribution of flux content in the analyzed flux range is rapidly maintained by merging and splitting, namely surface processes. We suggest a model for frequency distributions of cancellation and emergence based on this idea.Comment: 32 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted to Ap

Surface damage resulting from rolling contact operating in magnetic field

This paper describes the effects of magnetic field in rolling contact tests of steel by using a two-disc configuration and the investigation of mechanisms involved. Two contact conditions, namely pure rolling and rolling with 10% sliding were used together with 0.4 and 1.1 Tesla horizontal static magnetic fields created by permanent magnets. Results of optical and scanning electron microscope observations point out that finer wear particles and smoother worn surfaces are produced in the presence of a magnetic field. It is proposed that finer wear particles result from the movement of subsurface crack initiation towards the surface due to the action of magnetic field

Determination of spin Hamiltonian in the Ni4_4 magnetic molecule

Magnetic excitations in a Ni$_4$ magnetic molecule were investigated by inelastic neutron scattering and bulk susceptibility ($\chi_\text{bulk}$) techniques. The magnetic excitation spectrum obtained from the inelastic neutron scattering experiments exhibits three modes at energy transfers of $\hbar\omega=0.5$, 1.35, and 1.6 meV. We show that the energy, momentum, and temperature dependences of the inelastic neutron scattering data and $\chi_\text{bulk}$ can be well reproduced by an effective spin Hamiltonian consisted of intra-molecule exchange interactions, a single-ionic anisotropy, biquadratic interactions, and Zeeman term. Under a hydrostatic pressure, the bulk magnetization decreases with increasing pressure, which along with the biquadratic term indicates spin-lattice coupling present in this system.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, and 2 table

Detection of Flux Emergence, Splitting, Merging, and Cancellation of Network Fields. II Apparent Unipolar Flux Change and Cancellation

In this second paper in the series, we investigate occurrence frequencies of apparent unipolar processes, cancellation, and emergence of patch structures in quiet regions. Apparent unipolar events are considerably more frequent than cancellation and emergence as per our definition, which is consistent with Lamb et al. (2013). Furthermore, we investigate the frequency distributions of changes in flux during apparent unipolar processes are and found that they concentrate around the detection limit of the analysis. Combining these findings with the results of our previous paper, Iida et al. (2012), that merging and splitting are more dominant than emergence and cancellation, these results support the understanding that apparent unipolar processes are actually interactions with and among patches below the detection limit and that there still are numerous flux interactions between the flux range in this analysis and below the detection limit. We also investigate occurrence frequency distributions of flux decrease during cancellation. We found a relatively strong dependence, 2.48$\pm$0:26 as a power-law index. This strong dependence on flux is consistent with the model, which is suggested in the previous paper.Comment: 38 pages, 11 figures, accepted for Ap

The small-scale structure of photospheric convection retrieved by a deconvolution technique applied to Hinode/SP data

Solar granules are bright patterns surrounded by dark channels called intergranular lanes in the solar photosphere and are a manifestation of overshooting convection. Observational studies generally find stronger upflows in granules and weaker downflows in intergranular lanes. This trend is, however, inconsistent with the results of numerical simulations in which downflows are stronger than upflows through the joint action of gravitational acceleration/deceleration and pressure gradients. One cause of this discrepancy is the image degradation caused by optical distortion and light diffraction and scattering that takes place in an imaging instrument. We apply a deconvolution technique to Hinode/SP data in an attempt to recover the original solar scene. Our results show a significant enhancement in both, the convective upflows and downflows, but particularly for the latter. After deconvolution, the up- and downflows reach maximum amplitudes of -3.0 km/s and +3.0 km/s at an average geometrical height of roughly 50 km, respectively. We found that the velocity distributions after deconvolution match those derived from numerical simulations. After deconvolution the net LOS velocity averaged over the whole FOV lies close to zero as expected in a rough sense from mass balance.Comment: 32 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Ap