Crescimento de plantas de tectona grandis sob restrição hídrica

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar a(s) estratégia(s) de sobrevivência de plantas de Tectona grandis sob déficit hídrico para fomentar programas de melhoramento genético. O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação coberta com plástico transparente e laterais fechadas com sombrite 50%. As sementes de Tectona grandis foram semeadas em vasos de 12 litros contendo uma mistura de solo, areia e esterco na proporção de 3:1:0,5 respectivamente. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. A partir do 101º dia após a germinação, as plantas foram submetidas a regimes hídricos diferenciais: plantas diariamente irrigadas com volume de água correspondente a 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% da evapotranspiração diária durante 20 dias e, em seguida, submetidas as análises. Em condição de déficit hídrico as plantas de Tectona grandis mantêm-se vivas com reduzido crescimento vegetativo, para tal, as plantas ajustam a área foliar e apresentam como estratégia de sobrevivência um eficiente mecanismo de fechamento estomático em função da elevada sensibilidade dos estômatos. O controle estomático da transpiração pode ser utilizado para pré-seleção de materiais promissores para programas de melhoramento genético

CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS DE Tectona grandis IRRIGADAS COM ÁGUA SALINA

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the irrigation water salinity on the initial growth of Tectona grandis plants. The work was carried out in a greenhouse with 100% solar radiation interception at Goiás State University, Ipameri Campus, Brazil. The Tectona grandis seeds were sown in eight-liter pots containing a mixture of soil, sand and manure at ratio 3:1:0.5, respectively. At 100 days after germination, the plants were irrigated daily with water of different electrical conductivity (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 dS m-1) for 30 days and then subjected to analysis Tectona grandis to stay alive and reduced water loss by transpiration through efficient stomatal control. Tectona grandis plants in the early stages of development are highly sensitive to salinity stress, significantly slowing down vegetative growth.O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito da salinidade da água de irrigação no crescimento inicial de plantas de Tectona grandis. O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação com interceptação de 100% da radiação solar na Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus de Ipameri, Brasil. As sementes de Tectona grandis foram semeadas em vasos de oito litros contendo uma mistura de solo, areia e esterco na proporção de 3:1:0,5, respectivamente. Aos 100 dias após a germinação, as plantas foram irrigadas diariamente com água de diferentes condutividades elétricas (0; 2; 4; 6 e 8 dS m-1) durante 30 dias e, em seguida, submetidas às analises. Para se manterem vivas, as plantas de Tectona grandis reduziram a perda de água por transpiração através de um eficiente controle estomático. As plantas de Tectona grandis na fase inicial de desenvolvimento apresentam elevada sensibilidade ao estresse salino, inclusive com significativa redução do crescimento vegetativo

INITIAL GROWTH OF Dipteryx alata PLANTS UNDER WATER DEFICIT

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of water deficit stress on the growth of Dipteryx alata plants. The experiment was carried out on a bench in full sun at the Goiás State University experimental unit, in Ipameri town, Goiás. Dipteryx alata seeds were collected from native plants in that municipality and sown in four-liter pots containing a mixture of soil, sand and cattle manure at ratio 3:1:0.5, respectively. The experiment was set up following the completely randomized design with five treatments (plants irrigated for 25 days with water volumes corresponding to 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of daily evapotranspiration) and six replicates. Treatments were applied when the plants were 60 days old, and at 85 days the plants were assessed for the following parameters: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, foliar chlorophyll concentration (a+b ), total carotenoids, relative water content, transpiration, leaf, stem and root mass ratios, and total biomass. During early development, the Dipteryx alata plants were highly sensitive to water deficit, significantly slowing down vegetative growth. Accordingly, in order to remain alive, the plants drastically reduced transpiration as a result of high stomatal sensitivity

GROWTH OF Tectona grandis SEEDLINGS IRRIGATED WITH SALINE WATER

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the irrigation water salinity on the initial growth of Tectona grandis plants. The work was carried out in a greenhouse with 100% solar radiation interception at Goiás State University, Ipameri Campus, Brazil. The Tectona grandis seeds were sown in eight-liter pots containing a mixture of soil, sand and manure at ratio 3:1:0.5, respectively. At 100 days after germination, the plants were irrigated daily with water of different electrical conductivity (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 dS m -1 ) for 30 days and then subjected to analysis Tectona grandis to stay alive and reduced water loss by transpiration through efficient stomatal control. Tectona grandis plants in the early stages of development are highly sensitive to salinity stress, significantly slowing down vegetative growth

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

ATLANTIC ANTS: a data set of ants in Atlantic Forests of South America

International audienc

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data