240 research outputs found

    On the economic link between asset prices and real activity.

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    This paper presents a model linking two financial markets (stocks and bonds) with real business cycle, in the framework of the Consumption Capital Asset Pricing Model with Generalized Isoelastic Preferences. Besides interest rate term spread, the model includes a new variable to forecast economic activity: stock market term spread. This is the slope of expected stock market returns. The empirical evidence documented in this paper suggests systematic relationships between business cycle’s state and the shapes of two yield curves (interest rates and expected stock returns). Results are robust to changes in measures of economic growth, stock prices, interest rates and expectations generating mechanisms.Stock market; Interest rates; Economic growth; Term structure;

    Can output explain the predictability and volatility of stock returns?.

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    This paper examines whether a general equilibrium asset pricing model can explain two important empirical regularities of asset returns, extensively documented in the literature: (i) returns can be predicted by a set of macro variables, and (ii) returns are very volatile. We derive a closed-form solution for the equilibrium asset pricing model that relates asset returns to output by using an approximate method proposed by Campbell (Am. Econ. Rev. 83 (1993) 487) and Restoy and Weil (W.P. NBER, No. 6611 (1998)). We obtain evidence on eight OECD economies using both quarterly and annual observations. Equilibrium models seem to fin fewer difficultie in explaining the volatility of returns than their predictability for general output processes. In the case of the US, the observed predictability and volatility of asset returns, for annual frequencies, are broadly compatible with the predictions of equilibrium models for a reasonableGeneralized isoelastic preferences; Asset returns; Real activity; Volatility;

    Actividad sérica de la Dipeptidil Peptidasa IV en la Insuficiencia Cardíaca Descompensada

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    Introducción: La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) es una entidad altamente prevalente en nuestro entorno, con alto índice de morbimortalidad asociada. Además de su papel en el metabolismo glucémico por su efecto incretina, es conocido el papel de la dipeptidil peptidasa IV (DPPIV) en el sistema cardiovascular y a nivel de la microvasculatura. Por ello, además de los parámetros clásicos como el fragmento aminoterminal del péptido natriurético cerebral (NT-proBNP), se está intentando determinar cómo la DPPIV puede relacionarse con el pronóstico de los pacientes con IC. Objetivo: Demostrar que la actividad sérica de la DDPIV se relaciona con el pronóstico de la IC. Material y métodos: Se ha realizado un estudio observacional, descriptivo y prospectivo a partir de 80 pacientes que ingresaron por IC como diagnóstico principal en el servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa de Zaragoza durante el mes de febrero de 2013 y enero de 2015. En las primeras 24-48h del ingreso se obtuvo una determinación sanguínea del paciente para cuantificar el NT-proBNP y la cistatina C. Con dicha muestra y mediante una técnica espectrofotométrica se midió la actividad sérica de la DPPIV basándose en la cantidad de p-nitroanilina liberada por la DPPIV. Tras el alta hospitalaria, todos los pacientes fueron seguidos en consultas al cabo de un mes y periódicamente hasta completar el año. Resultados: Aquellos pacientes con valores aumentados de actividad sérica de DPPIV en el ingreso parecen tener una menor mortalidad en el seguimiento tanto a los 180 como 365 días. La elevación en los niveles séricos de actividad de la DPPIV en la fase estable del paciente parece ser indicativo de un menor riesgo de reingreso por la misma causa tanto a los 180 como 365 días. En el seguimiento a los 365 días se observa que aquellos pacientes que en la revisión al mes tienen niveles de actividad más elevados podrían ser los que también tienen una mayor mortalidad. Conclusión: Una actividad sérica aumentada de DPPIV en el control del paciente al mes del ingreso se asocia significativamente a un menor riesgo de muerte y/o reingreso hospitalario al año de seguimiento. No podemos considerar que la actividad sérica de DPPIV durante la fase aguda del paciente tenga valor pronóstico, si bien el tamaño muestral podría ser una limitación a los resultados observados.<br /

    Conocimiento de los objetivos de Desarrollo sostenible y su importancia para la transición a la sostenibilidad por Alumnado de Educación Secundaria

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    En el año 2015 finalizó el periodo para alcanzar los Objetivos del Milenio, y Naciones Unidas hacia oficial la necesidad de una Agenda Internacional de Desarrollo y unos Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). En septiembre de ese año, la Asamblea General de Naciones Unidas adoptó la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible, estableciendo un nuevo marco mundial para redirigir a la humanidad hacia sociedades más justas y sostenibles. En el centro de la Agenda 2030 se encuentran los 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) y las 169 Metas. Unos objetivos universales, transformadores e inclusivos, que describen los principales desafíos para la humanidad en los ámbitos económico, social y ambienta

    Driving device for a hand movement without external force

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    People with disabilities have limitations in activities of daily life such as grasping a glass of water or moving an object. Orthotic products that improve or restore the functionality of the musculoskeletal system of a patient contribute to some extent to overcome the limitations described. So does the hand brace, used to treat musculoskeletal disorders caused by various diseases (rheumatic disorders, neurological, orthopedic and others). The paper simulates a novel exoskeleton helping to grasp any object. The novelty of this mechanism is that works without external energy, it works with a wrist movement that generates a kinetic movement and helps to grasp objects with an extra force. The orthosis facilitates the functionality, being comfortable and easy to be used by the patient. It is adaptable to hand size and finger length of the patient.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

    Economic impact studies on transportation infrastructures: the port case

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    Los Estudios de Impacto Económico en puertos son una herramienta muy extendida que empezaron a elaborarse en la década de los años 60 en Estados Unidos. Desde entonces, estos estudios han ido depurándose, eliminando algunas de sus limitaciones y restricciones y convergiendo hacia una metodología estándar que permiten realizar comparaciones entre los efectos de distintos puertos. El artículo analiza la evolución histórica de dichos estudios, indicando las diferentes variantes y sus limitaciones metodológicas y concluye con un resumen de los resultados obtenidos tanto a nivel internacional como en el caso particular del sistema portuario español. Se concluye el papel que tanto el tamaño del puerto como su estructura de tráficos tienen en los impactos que éste genera en términos de empleo, valor añadido y productividadEconomic Impact Studies in ports are a very widespread tool that began to be developed in the decade of the 60s in the United States. Since then, these studies have been refined, eliminating some of their limitations and restrictions and converging towards a standard methodology that allows comparisons between the effects of different ports. The article analyzes the historical evolution of these studies, indicating the different variants and their methodological limitations and concludes with a summary of the results obtained both internationally and in the particular case of the Spanish port system. It concludes the role that both the size of the port and its traffic structure have in the impacts it generates in terms of employment, added value and productivity.Universidad Pablo de Olavid

    Operaciones portuarias de petróleo crudo: Una revisión bibliográfica sobre simulación e investigación operativa

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    [Resumen] Actualmente, el tráfico marítimo de crudo de petróleo y sus derivados sigue siendo un tráfico relevante, tanto desde un punto de vista geoestratégico como a nivel de volumen transportado. Dado el desequilibrio regional en términos de reservas, producción y consumo, se genera, por tanto, un importante tráfico marítimo, pero también una necesidad de la industria de optimizar los procesos con el objetivo de minimizar los costes y dar una respuesta eficiente en términos logísticos. Desde esta perspectiva, las técnicas de investigación operativa y la modelización de los tráficos para su optimización se presentan como una metodología muy conveniente y, a lo largo de los últimos setenta años, han empezado a publicarse estudios científicos con diferentes enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos. El objetivo de esta investigación es recopilar, analizar y clasificar los modelos de tráfico de crudo de petróleo y sus derivados y ordenar la temática de las innovaciones introducidas. Para alcanzar este objetivo se realiza un recorrido bibliográfico conceptual indicando como se han ido introduciendo las sucesivas mejoras y, al mismo tiempo, eliminando las restricciones iniciales.[Abstract] The maritime traffic of crude oil and derivatives is still very relevant, both from a geostrategic perspective and regarding the total volume of liquid bulk shipped. Due to the regional imbalance in terms of reserves, production and consumption, important maritime traffic is generated, and a necessity for the industry of optimizing these processes, with the goal to minimize costs and give an efficient answer in logistic terms. From this perspective, the operation research techniques, and the traffic modeling techniques aimed at optimization, can be presented as a very convenient methodology over the last seventy years, a stream of scientific publications has emerged with different quantitative and qualitative focus. This research aims to gather, analyze and classify the traffic models of crude oil and derivatives and to order the innovation concepts gradually introduced. In order to achieve this goal, conceptual bibliographic research is performed showing how the subsequent improvements have been introduced and, at the same time, erasing the initial restriction

    Early Measurement of Blood sST2 Is a Good Predictor of Death and Poor Outcomes in Patients Admitted for COVID-19 Infection

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    Although several biomarkers have shown correlation to prognosis in COVID-19 patients, their clinical value is limited because of lack of specificity, suboptimal sensibility or poor dynamic behavior. We hypothesized that circulating soluble ST2 (sST2) could be associated to a worse outcome in COVID-19. In total, 152 patients admitted for confirmed COVID-19 were included in a prospective non-interventional, observational study. Blood samples were drawn at admission, 48-72 h later and at discharge. sST2 concentrations and routine blood laboratory were analyzed. Primary endpoints were admission at intensive care unit (ICU) and mortality. Median age was 57.5 years [Standard Deviation (SD: 12.8)], 60.4% males. 10% of patients (n = 15) were derived to ICU and/or died during admission. Median (IQR) sST2 serum concentration (ng/mL) rose to 53.1 (30.9) at admission, peaked at 48-72 h (79.5(64)) and returned to admission levels at discharge (44.9[36.7]). A concentration of sST2 above 58.9 ng/mL was identified patients progressing to ICU admission or death. Results remained significant after multivariable analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of sST2 for endpoints was 0.776 (p = 0.001). In patients admitted for COVID-19 infection, early measurement of sST2 was able to identify patients at risk of severe complications or death

    Introductory analysis of human upper body after stroke

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    The most reliable prognostic factors associated with Upper Extremity (UE) recovery are localized motor impairments, especially in the musculature of the hand and abduction of the shoulder in the first days after a stroke. Evaluation of the biomechanics of the hand allows an accurate identification of the motion arcs of the digital joints. Objective: Assess the prognostic value of the range of motion of the finger joints using an instrumental glove (CyberGlove II®) one week after stroke for UE functional recovery at 6 months. Methodology: A prospective, longitudinal, observational study with follow-ups at 3-4 days, 1 week, 3 and 6months of patients with UE motor impairment. Variables collected included: demographic data, level of stroke severity (NIHSS), deep sensitivity, sphincter incontinence, Fugl Meyer Assessment of UE (FM-UE), muscle balance with the Medical Research Council (MRC), muscle tone (Modified Ashworth Scale) and pre- and post-stroke functional ability (Barthel Index and Modified Rankin Scale). Active range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the index, middle finger, annulary, and little finger was assessed with CyberGlove II® without and against gravity. The dependent variable UE function was evaluated with the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) categorized as good function (ARAT=10) and poor function (ARAT<10). Results: 31 patients were included, 18 of which completed the 6-month follow-up. Mean age was 68.2 years (SD = 9.1) and 72.2 % were men. A total of 77.8 % of strokes were ischemic, and 50 % of these were lacunar. Mean NIHSS score was 9.2 (SD = 5.5). Motor NIHSS of UE, FM-UE and MRC of the flexion-extension musculature of the digits and wrist were prognostic factors for the recovery of UE function.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
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