On a secondary construction of quadratic APN functions

Almost perfect nonlinear functions possess the optimal resistance to the differential cryptanalysis and are widely studied. Most known constructions of APN functions are obtained as functions over finite fields F27 and very little is known about combinatorial constructions in F2n. We consider how to obtain a quadratic APN function in n + 1 variables from a given quadratic APN function in n variables using special restrictions on new terms

Mathematical methods in solutions of the problems from the Third International Students' Olympiad in Cryptography

The mathematical problems and their solutions of the Third International Students' Olympiad in Cryptography NSUCRYPTO'2016 are presented. We consider mathematical problems related to the construction of algebraic immune vectorial Boolean functions and big Fermat numbers, problems about secrete sharing schemes and pseudorandom binary sequences, biometric cryptosystems and the blockchain technology, etc. Two open problems in mathematical cryptography are also discussed and a solution for one of them proposed by a participant during the Olympiad is described. It was the first time in the Olympiad history

The Seventh International Olympiad in Cryptography: problems and solutions

The International Olympiad in Cryptography NSUCRYPTO is the unique Olympiad containing scientific mathematical problems for professionals, school and university students from any country. Its aim is to involve young researchers in solving curious and tough scientific problems of modern cryptography. In 2020, it was held for the seventh time. Prizes and diplomas were awarded to 84 participants in the first round and 49 teams in the second round from 32 countries. In this paper, problems and their solutions of NSUCRYPTO'2020 are presented. We consider problems related to attacks on ciphers and hash functions, protocols, permutations, primality tests, etc. We discuss several open problems on JPEG encoding, Miller -- Rabin primality test, special bases in the vector space, AES-GCM. The problem of a modified Miller -- Rabin primality test was solved during the Olympiad. The problem for finding special bases was partially solved

REACTION OF URANIUM-CONTAINING CHLORIDE MELTS WITH OXYGEN

Reaction of oxygen with melts containing uranium(IV) chloride were studied by high-temperature electronic absorption spectroscopy at 550 oC. The experiments were performed in 3LiCl–2KCl, NaCl–2CsCl, NaCl–KCl–CsCl based melts. Reaction rates, reaction rate con-stants and order were determined

The future is distributed: a vision of sustainable economies

“The Future is distributed: a vision of sustainable economies” is a collection of case studies on distributed economies, a concept describing sustainable alternatives to the existing business models. The authors of this publication are international Masters students of the Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management Programme at the International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics at Lund University in Sweden. The aim of their work is to demonstrate that local, small-scale, community-based economies are not just part of the theory, but have already been implemented in various sectors and geographical settings

Особенности течения и лечения туберкулеза органов дыхания у женщин во время беременности и послеродовом периоде. Перинатальные исходы

The objective: to study specific features of the respiratory tuberculosis course and effectiveness of its treatment during pregnancy and postpartum period, and to evaluate the impact of tuberculosis on perinatal outcomes.Subjects and Methods. In 2010 - 2022, a retrospective-prospective case-control study enrolling 164 patients of reproductive age was conducted in Central Tuberculosis Research Institute. Two groups were formed: Case Group included 82 pregnant women with respiratory tuberculosis; Control Group included 82 non-pregnant patients with respiratory tuberculosis.Results. In both groups, new cases of respiratory tuberculosis were notified more often versus relapses. Distinctive features of respiratory tuberculosis in pregnant women versus the non-pregnant were as follows: the predominance of the proportion of extensive drug resistant M. tuberculosis – 55.5% versus 31.7% (p<0.05), respectively; lower frequency of lung tissue destruction – 18.3% versus 32.9% (p≤0.05); higher incidence of cavities - 80% and 40.7% (p≤0.05) and complications of respiratory tuberculosis – 25.6% versus 12.2% (p≤0.03), respectively. The high effectiveness of respiratory tuberculosis treatment such as relief of clinical symptoms and sputum conversion was achieved at the end of the intensive therapy phase both in Case Group and Control Group. Longer time until sputum conversion and lower rate of cavity healing were reported in the patients from Case Group. In 75.6% of pregnant women from Case Group there was a delivery with favorable perinatal outcomes.Цель исследования: изучить особенности течения, эффективность лечения туберкулеза органов дыхания во время беременности и послеродовом периоде, а также оценить влияние туберкулеза на перинатальные исходы.Материалы и методы. За период 2010-2022гг. на базе ФГБНУ «ЦНИИТ» проведено ретроспективно-проспективное «случай-контроль» исследование 164 пациенток репродуктивного возраста. Было сформировано две группы: группа «Случай» – 82 женщины с сочетанием ТОД и беременности; группа «Контроль» – 82 пациентки с наличием ТОД, без беременности.Результаты исследования. В обеих группах чаще регистрировали впервые выявленный ТОД по сравнению с рецидивами. Отличительными особенностями ТОД у беременных по сравнению с женщинами без беременности являлись преобладание доли широкой лекарственной устойчивости M. tuberculosis – 55,5% против 31,7% (p<0,05) соответственно; меньшая частота деструкции легочной ткани – 18,3% против 32,9% (р≤0,05); более высокая частота формирования каверн – 80% и 40,7% (р≤0,05) и осложнений ТОД – 25,6% и 12,2% (р≤0,03) соответственно. Установлена высокая эффективность лечения ТОД по окончании фазы интенсивной терапии как в группе «Случай», так и в группе «Контроль» в виде купирования клинической симптоматики и прекращения бактериовыделения. У пациенток группы «Случай» отмечали более длительный период до абациллирования и низкий показатель закрытия полостей распада (каверн). Беременность у женщин группы «Случай» в 75,6% наблюдений закончилась родами с благоприятными перинатальными исходами

Cause of Death and Predictors of All-Cause Mortality in Anticoagulated Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation : Data From ROCKET AF

M. Kaste on työryhmän ROCKET AF Steering Comm jäsen.Background-Atrial fibrillation is associated with higher mortality. Identification of causes of death and contemporary risk factors for all-cause mortality may guide interventions. Methods and Results-In the Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET AF) study, patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation were randomized to rivaroxaban or dose-adjusted warfarin. Cox proportional hazards regression with backward elimination identified factors at randomization that were independently associated with all-cause mortality in the 14 171 participants in the intention-to-treat population. The median age was 73 years, and the mean CHADS(2) score was 3.5. Over 1.9 years of median follow-up, 1214 (8.6%) patients died. Kaplan-Meier mortality rates were 4.2% at 1 year and 8.9% at 2 years. The majority of classified deaths (1081) were cardiovascular (72%), whereas only 6% were nonhemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism. No significant difference in all-cause mortality was observed between the rivaroxaban and warfarin arms (P=0.15). Heart failure (hazard ratio 1.51, 95% CI 1.33-1.70, P= 75 years (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% CI 1.51-1.90, P Conclusions-In a large population of patients anticoagulated for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, approximate to 7 in 10 deaths were cardiovascular, whereasPeer reviewe