Effect of calcium supplements on risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular events : meta-analysis

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Relief of dysphagia due to advanced achalasia by endoscopic creation of an esophagogastric bypass anastomosis through an epiphrenic diverticulum

An 85-year-old man with long-standing dysphagia and multiple admissions for aspiration pneumonia was referred for evaluation

Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS): Psychometric Properties in a Clinical Sample in the United Kingdom

© 2021 Baron I, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.Background: Routine Outcome monitoring has become a principle element in the transformation of mental health services for children and young people in the UK and promoted by the CYP Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) program. Collecting data on the outcome of therapeutic interventions is a required element of the mental health data set within NHS settings. The Revised Child’s Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) has been identified as a useful tool based on the normative studies of US populations. There has, however, been no evaluation of RCADS for a UK population. Because of the data available, the current study provides an initial assessment of the validity and reliability of the RCADS in a United Kingdom (UK) clinical sample. Children had been referred to a community mental health and emotional wellbeing service for children and young people presenting with mild to moderate difficulties, in the East of England. Methods: A sample of 1920 CYP (equivalent numbers of boys and girls, aged 7.9 to 18 years), completed the RCADS as part of routine assessment. Parents also completed the RCADS-P for comparison. Tests of normality, internal consistency, factor analysis and correlation were conducted on child and parent raw scores. Results: The current study identified the psychometric properties of RCADS for a UK clinical sample. RCADS showed a simple structure where all six variables loaded highly on the one factor of Separation Anxiety. RCADS showed good internal consistency with positive and highly significant correlations between subscales as well as between child and parents reports. Conclusions: All six subscales were found to be necessary part of RCADS. Indications are that RCADS shows promising clinical utility as a valid and reliable measure for assessing children with Anxiety and Depression in the UK. Future research needs to include a confirmatory factor analysis and assessment of a reliable clinical cut off-score for a UK clinical population.Peer reviewe

Sediment Characterization from the Saale 2013 Flooding Event

Die Sedimentablagerungen des Saale-Hochwassers im Frühjahr 2013 werden charakterisiert auf der Basis von Probenahmen aus den überfluteten Uferbereichen im Stadtgebiet von Halle. Diese Ablagerungen werden zum einen klassifiziert nach Art des Sediments (Sedimenteigenschaften: Mächtigkeit, Grobkorn-Anteil, Anteil an organischer Substanz, Trockenfestigkeit) und zum anderen nach Art ihres Ablagerungsraumes  (Lokationseigenschaften: Abstand vom Saale-Flussbett, Bedeckung durch Vegetation, Relief, Untergrundbeschaffenheit). Diese Sediment- und Lokationskriterien werden hinsichtlich der Häufigkeit ihres Auftretens und eines möglichen  Zusammenhangs zwischen Sediment- und Lokationseigenschaften untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, dass sich die Zusammensetzung der Sedimente im Laufe ihres Transports von Süd nach Nord durch das Stadtgebiet von Halle verändert.  Es kommt bis in das Gebiet von Throta/Lettin zu einer  Verringerung der mittleren Korngröße und zugleich zu einer Veränderung der Kornverteilung der abgelagerten Hochwasser-Sedimente. Die Dominanz feinkörniger Sedimentanteile wird zunehmend deutlich, je weiter nördlich die Ablagerung  stattgefunden hat. Außerdem begünstigen weiche  Untergrundbedingungen (wie Wiesen, Kieswege oder  unbefestigte Straßen) die Ablagerung von relativ mächtigeren Sedimenten > 1mm. Im Gegensatz dazu dominieren auf festem Untergrund (wie befestigten Straßen und Wegen) Sedimentablagerungen von < 1 mm Mächtigkeit. Aus der durchschnittlichen Mächtigkeit der beprobten, feinkörnigen Hochwasserablagerungen mit Korndurchmessern < 2 mm lässt sich ein transportiertes Sedimentvolumen von 5 bis 15 l/m2 ableiten. Im gesamten Überflutungsgebiet von ca. 32,8 km2 in Halle ergibt sich ein geschätztes Sedimentvolumen von 3x105 m3 an feinkörnigen Ablagerungen durch das Frühjahrs-Hochwasser 2013.Sediment deposition, after the Saale river flooding event of 2013, is characterized here based on samples taken along the river banks in the flooded region. Based on classifications having to do with both sediment (thickness of sediment; percentage of coarse material; organic material presence; dry strength of the sediment) as well as location (distance to the Saale river; vegetation cover; relief; firmness of the basal layer beneath the flood sediments) it is shown that the transport of fine-grained sediment along the Saale had its direction changed by the flooding in the region between Halle-Trotha and Lettin. There was a sorting of the grain sizes that, on the one hand, lowered the medium grain sizes and, on the other hand, altered the grain size distribution at the same time. The preponderance of fine-grained sediment is more noticeable the further north one progresses along the Saale river. In addition, soft basal  materials such as meadows, gravel paths or dirt roads are associated with relatively thick sediment that is almost always more than 1 mm. In contrast on firm grounds, such as paved roads and sidewalks, the dominance is one of thicknesses smaller than 1 mm. The average thickness of the fine-grained material indicates a transported sediment volume of between about 5 to 15 l/m2. In the total flooded region in Halle of around 32.8 km2 one can estimate some 3x105 m3 of fine-grained material was deposited

Automatically analysing large texts in a GIS environment: The Registrar General’s reports and cholera in the nineteenth century

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Murrieta-Flores, P., Baron, A., Gregory, I., Hardie, A., & Rayson, P. (2015). Automatically analysing large texts in a GIS environment: The Registrar General’s reports and cholera in the nineteenth century. Transactions in GIS, 19(2), 296-320. DOI: 10.1111/tgis.12106., which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tgis.12106/abstract. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-ArchivingThe aim of this article is to present new research showcasing how Geographic Information Systems in combination with Natural Language Processing and Corpus Linguistics methods can offer innovative venues of research to analyze large textual collections in the Humanities, particularly in historical research. Using as examples parts of the collection of the Registrar General’s Reports that contain more than 200,000 pages of descriptions, census data and vital statistics for the UK, we introduce newly developed automated textual tools and well known spatial analyses used in combination to investigate a case study of the references made to cholera and other diseases in these historical sources, and their relationship to place-names during Victorian times. The integration of such techniques has allowed us to explore, in an automatic way, this historical source containing millions of words, to examine the geographies depicted in it, and to identify textual and geographic patterns in the corpus

Automatically analysing large texts in a GIS environment:the Registrar General’s reports and cholera in the nineteenth century

The aim of this article is to present new research showcasing how Geographic Information Systems in combination with Natural Language Processing and Corpus Linguistics methods can offer innovative venues of research to analyze large textual collections in the Humanities, particularly in historical research. Using as examples parts of the collection of the Registrar General's Reports that contain more than 200,000 pages of descriptions, census data and vital statistics for the UK, we introduce newly developed automated textual tools and well known spatial analyses used in combination to investigate a case study of the references made to cholera and other diseases in these historical sources, and their relationship to place-names during Victorian times. The integration of such techniques has allowed us to explore, in an automatic way, this historical source containing millions of words, to examine the geographies depicted in it, and to identify textual and geographic patterns in the corpus