Competitiveness of countries in the world innovation economy: Central-Eastern Europe and Russia

The positions of countries of Central and Eastern Europe as well as Russia are listed in ranking tables by aggregated indices which characterise the readiness of the countries to transfer their economies to innovative development. The connection between the use of information technologies and national economic development based on the innovative economy is established. The author characterises the positions of Russia and the new EU members in terms of international indices, including the Global Competitiveness Index

Human Development index and Informatisation of Society in CIS

Knowledge and know-how of calculation methods of indicators and indices allow to evaluate, compare and correlate if not fully then to a considerable extent the situation in different countries and regions of the world. Moreover, in countries with "transitional economy" to which Russia and other countries of former Soviet Union are attributed to, the situation has significantly changed and it is necessary to adjust the directions and perspectives of development considering the changed environment.The article characterizes a position of Russia and other CIS's countries (Commonwealth of Independent States) on the international rating of Human Development Index and Networked Readiness Index

Demographic Situation and the Level of Human Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan: Regional Aspects

The objects of research are indicators of human development in Kazakhstan from the moment of independence acquisition by the republic until today. The subject of scientific research is spatial-existential patterns of socio-demographic processes as a key factor of human potential development in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The importance of scientific work is that the results permit to estimate the level of human development of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the basis of socio-demographic processes. For the first time the basic indicators defining human potential in Kazakhstan have been studied in detail and systematized. The aim of the work is to define the laws of the spatial organization of human potential and its basic spatial analyses of human development of Kazakhstan. The database, created with the help of ArcGIS, allows to monitor the changes of human development level, to analyze, estimate and manage human potential of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Current state and development prospects of the Russian economy

The article characterises changes that have occurred in the economy of Russia and its foreign trade over the recent years. It estimates the country's position in the world ranking. The process of Russia's involvement in integrated world economic development after the collapse of the socialist system has been far from simple, because it was simultaneous with the country's system transformation and economic restructuring. The economy of modern Russia operates in difficult conditions. In the 20th century the burden of the socialist period of the country's development combined with the mistakes of the structural economic transformation of the 1990s already generated new systemic disproportions which have greatly modified the entire economic complex of the country. An analysis of the Russian share in the production of principal types of industrial products over the last three decades as well as a comparison of particular development indicators of the largest world economies and the share of countries and country groups in the world's high technology production reveals a weakening of the Russian position in the world economy. The article also presents changes in Russia's foreign trade and the decrease in its main economic indicators in the conditions of the current world financial crisis. The article underlines the necessity of change in the current model of Russian participation in the globalising world towards a search for a new place in the world economy and the world market, and, first of all, in knowledge-intensive industries and the sphere of high technology

History and Characteristics of the Development of Educational Tourism in Russia

In this day and age, competitiveness may manifest itself in young people through the pursuit of quality education, new knowledge, as well as continuous learning and self-improvement. Accordingly, modern academic environment retains and strengthens the importance of this very need to grow while also becoming increasingly vital as an economic branch in post-industrial societies. Universities attract the youth to their respective cities by offering them education of either short- or long-term nature. This article features the history and current status of educational tourism development in Russia. The authors put forward certain recommendations that may improve the situation

Meixner class of orthogonal polynomials of a non-commutative monotone Lévy noise

Let $(X_t)_{t\ge0}$ denote a non-commutative monotone L\'evy process. Let $\omega=(\omega(t))_{t\ge0}$ denote the corresponding monotone L\'evy noise, i.e., formally $\omega(t)=\frac d{dt}X_t$. A continuous polynomial of $\omega$ is an element of the corresponding non-commutative $L^2$-space $L^2(\tau)$ that has the form $\sum_{i=0}^n\langle \omega^{\otimes i},f^{(i)}\rangle$, where $f^{(i)}\in C_0(\mathbb R_+^i)$. We denote by $\mathbf{CP}$ the space of all continuous polynomials of $\omega$. For $f^{(n)}\in C_0(\mathbb R_+^n)$, the orthogonal polynomial $\langle P^{(n)}(\omega),f^{(n)}\rangle$ is defined as the orthogonal projection of the monomial $\langle\omega^{\otimes n},f^{(n)}\rangle$ onto the subspace of $L^2(\tau)$ that is orthogonal to all continuous polynomials of $\omega$ of order $\le n-1$. We denote by $\mathbf{OCP}$ the linear span of the orthogonal polynomials. Each orthogonal polynomial $\langle P^{(n)}(\omega),f^{(n)}\rangle$ depends only on the restriction of the function $f^{(n)}$ to the set $\{(t_1,\dots,t_n)\in\mathbb R_+^n\mid t_1\ge t_2\ge\dots\ge t_n\}$. The orthogonal polynomials allow us to construct a unitary operator $J:L^2(\tau)\to\mathbb F$, where $\mathbb F$ is an extended monotone Fock space. Thus, we may think of the monotone noise $\omega$ as a distribution of linear operators acting in $\mathbb F$. We say that the orthogonal polynomials belong to the Meixner class if $\mathbf{CP}=\mathbf{OCP}$. We prove that each system of orthogonal polynomials from the Meixner class is characterized by two parameters: $\lambda\in\mathbb R$ and $\eta\ge0$. In this case, the monotone L\'evy noise $\omega(t)=\partial_t^\dag+\lambda\partial_t^\dag\partial_t+\partial_t+\eta\partial_t^\dag\partial_t\partial_t$. Here, $\partial_t^\dag$ and $\partial_t$ are the (formal) creation and annihilation operators at $t\in\mathbb R_+$ acting in $\mathbb F$

Lowering and raising operators for the free Meixner class of orthogonal polynomials

We compare some properties of the lowering and raising operators for the classical and free classes of Meixner polynomials on the real line

Analysis of Sustainable Development Factors in Fuel and Energy Industry and Conditions for Achievement Energy Efficiency and Energy Security

Focus on sustainable development is a necessary condition for effective operation of any economic entity (state, region, production industry, or an organization). But in today's economic conditions a lot of Russian companies fail to take into account current economic and political challenges in their development strategies quickly enough. This is primarily caused by failure to respond quickly to rapidly changing market conditions, and to modify their social and economic functioning model respectively. In such circumstances the necessity to ensure company's sustainable development efficient strategic management based on a system-oriented analysis of internal and external factors increases. Gas consumption share constitutes over 52% of the total primary energy resources consumption, and the draft Russian Energy Strategy supposes no significant changes in energy consumption mix up to 2035. This indicates the need in an extremely balanced approach to introduction of any changes into functioning conditions of the gas industry. Russia is the 3rd world's energy consumer, but its consumption rate per a unit of its gross domestic product (GDP) is higher than the one of any other country from Top-10 energy consumers. In addition to objective prerequisites (severe climatic conditions, large distances and, respectively, high energy resources transportation costs), high specific consumption of natural gas in national economy results from use of out-of-date energy wasteful technology. Russian economy is characterized by persistent energy resources wasting trend, resulting in unreasonable expenses of a community for energy self-supply, and, in addition to maintaining of energy resource oriented scenario of the country development, increases an energy resources availability lack risk. Russian oil and gas industry (OGI) operates in conditions of exhausted industrial potential; it faces significant problems, preventing its development and threatening energy security of the country (Chernyaev, 2014). Such circumstances result in the need for including active measures in the field of sustainable development into oil gas companies' strategies, whilst increasing significance of preparation of the companies' non-financial reporting. The authors herein tried to analyze current system of sustainable development factors and to give recommendations on formation of a system of sustainable development factors within fuel and energy entities. Keywords: Russian oil and gas industry (OGI), factors and indices of sustainable development, energy efficiency and energy security, energy development strategy. JEL Classifications: L90, O1