Insulin detemir in a twice daily insulin regimen versus a three times daily insulin regimen in the treatment of type 1 diabetes in children: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Article deposited according to agreement with BMC, December 6, 2010.YesFunding provided by the Open Access Authors Fund

The algebra of Chern-Simons classes, the Poisson bracket on it, and the action of the gauge group

Developing ideas of the formal geometry [G1], [GKF], and ideas based on combinatorial formulas for characteristic classes we introduce the algebraic structure modeling N connections on the vector bundle over an oriented manifold. First we construct a graded free associative algebra A with a differential d. Then we go to the space V of cyclic words of A. Certain elements of V correspond to the secondary characteristic classes associated to k connections. That construction allows us to give easily the explicit formulas for some known secondary classes and to construct the new ones. Space V has new operations: it is a graded Lie algebra with respect to the Poisson bracket. We write how i-th differential and i-th homotopy operator in the algebra are connected with this bracket. There is an analogy between our algebra and the Kontsevich version of the noncommutative symplectic geometry. We consider then an algebraic model of the action of the gauge group. We describe how elements of our algebra corresponding to the secondary characteristic classes change under this action. 0. Introduction. The problem of localization of topological invariants by the methods of formal geometr

Surdez, redes sociais e proteção social Deafness, social network and social protection

A surdez traz repercussões na vida do indivíduo que por ela é afetado, assim como na vida da família, que usualmente deve modificar sua dinâmica para adequar-se às necessidades e demandas que a perda auditiva impõe. Muitas vezes, para isso, a família mobiliza recursos internos, mas também busca apoio e ajuda fora de seu núcleo, em uma rede de recursos externos. Descrever as redes sociais acessadas pelas famílias de surdos na busca de sua reprodução cotidiana é um dos objetivos a que este texto se propõe. Ainda, busca discutir o significado dessas redes no contexto da proteção social. Para isso, pesquisa qualitativa foi desenvolvida, através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com dezoito pais de crianças ou adolescentes surdos, usuários de programas de atendimento em um centro de reabilitação. O mapeamento das redes de relacionamentos e de recursos sociais acessados por famílias de pessoas surdas mostrou o entrelaçamento de relações entre os familiares, demais parentes, amigos, vizinhos, profissionais, organizações privadas e serviços públicos. As redes cumprem papel de apoio e proteção social para a família da pessoa surda na reprodução cotidiana da vida.<br>Deafness brings consequences to deaf people's life as well as to their families, who usually has its dynamic changed in the struggle to adapt to the new needs and demands. In this sense, the families not only use their internal resources, but also, they look for help and support out of their group, in their social network. The goal of this paper is to describe the social network used by families with a deaf member in their everyday life. Also, it discusses the meaning of these networks in the framework of social protection. A qualitative research was developed, using a semi-structured interview to collect data. Eighteen parents of deaf children or teenager assisted at a center of rehabilitation were interviewed. Mapping the networks of relationships and social resources that the families of a deaf person use to deal with deafness showed the interconnection between family members, other relatives, friends, neighbors, professionals, private and public services. The networks play an important role of support and social protection to the deaf person's family in the everyday life