304 research outputs found
Damage Spreading During Domain Growth
We study damage spreading in models of two-dimensional systems undergoing
first order phase transitions. We consider several models from the same
non-conserved order parameter universality class, and find unexpected
differences between them. An exact solution of the Ohta-Jasnow-Kawasaki model
yields the damage growth law , where in
dimensions. In contrast, time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau simulations and Ising
simulations in using heat-bath dynamics show power-law growth, but with
an exponent of approximately , independent of the system sizes studied.
In marked contrast, Metropolis dynamics shows damage growing via , although the damage difference grows as . PACS: 64.60.-i, 05.50.+qComment: 4 pags of revtex3 + 3 postscript files appended as a compressed and
uuencoded file. UIB940320
Multicanonical Multigrid Monte Carlo
To further improve the performance of Monte Carlo simulations of first-order
phase transitions we propose to combine the multicanonical approach with
multigrid techniques. We report tests of this proposition for the
-dimensional field theory in two different situations. First, we
study quantum tunneling for in the continuum limit, and second, we
investigate first-order phase transitions for in the infinite volume
limit. Compared with standard multicanonical simulations we obtain improvement
factors of several resp. of about one order of magnitude.Comment: 12 pages LaTex, 1 PS figure appended. FU-Berlin preprint FUB-HEP 9/9
Barrier effects on the collective excitations of split Bose-Einstein condensates
We investigate the collective excitations of a single-species Bose gas at T=0
in a harmonic trap where the confinement undergoes some splitting along one
spatial direction. We mostly consider onedimensional potentials consisting of
two harmonic wells separated a distance 2 z_0, since they essentially contain
all the barrier effects that one may visualize in the 3D situation. We find,
within a hydrodynamic approximation, that regardless the dimensionality of the
system, pairs of levels in the excitation spectrum, corresponding to
neighbouring even and odd excitations, merge together as one increases the
barrier height up to the current value of the chemical potential. The
excitation spectra computed in the hydrodynamical or Thomas-Fermi limit are
compared with the results of exactly solving the time-dependent
Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We analyze as well the characteristics of the
spatial pattern of excitations of threedimensional boson systems according to
the amount of splitting of the condensate.Comment: RevTeX, 12 pages, 13 ps figure
Dynamics of the frustrated Ising lattice gas
The dynamical properties of a three dimensional model glass, the frustrated
Ising lattice gas (FILG) are studied by Monte Carlo simulations. We present
results of compression experiments, where the chemical potential is either
slowly or abruptly changed, as well as simulations at constant density. One
time quantities like density and two time ones like correlations, responses and
mean square displacements are measured, and the departure from equilibrium
clearly characterized. The aging scenario, particularly in the case of density
autocorrelations is reminiscent of spin glass phenomenology with violations of
the Fluctuation-dissipation theorem, typical of systems with one replica
symmetry breaking. The FILG, as a valid on-lattice model of structural glasses
can be described with tools developed in spin glass theory and, being a finite
dimensional model, can open the way for a systematic study of activated
processes in glasses.Comment: to appear in Phys. Rev. E, november (2000
Wavenumber-explicit continuity and coercivity estimates in acoustic scattering by planar screens
We study the classical first-kind boundary integral equation reformulations
of time-harmonic acoustic scattering by planar sound-soft (Dirichlet) and
sound-hard (Neumann) screens. We prove continuity and coercivity of the
relevant boundary integral operators (the acoustic single-layer and
hypersingular operators respectively) in appropriate fractional Sobolev spaces,
with wavenumber-explicit bounds on the continuity and coercivity constants. Our
analysis is based on spectral representations for the boundary integral
operators, and builds on results of Ha-Duong (Jpn J Ind Appl Math 7:489--513
(1990) and Integr Equat Oper Th 15:427--453 (1992)).Comment: v2 has minor corrections compared to v1. arXiv admin note:
substantial text overlap with arXiv:1401.280
Bridging Digital and Physical Worlds Using Tangible Drag-and-Drop Interfaces
The last ten years have seen an explosion in the diversity of digital-life devices, e.g. music and video players. However, the interaction paradigm to use these devices has remained mostly unchanged. Remote controls are still the most common way to manage a digital-life device. Moreover, the interaction between devices themselves is still very limited and rarely addressed by a remote control interface. We present in this paper a study of tangible drag-and-drop, a remote control interface based on the well-known paradigm coming from the graphical user interface. This interaction technique aims at reducing the gap between the digital and physical worlds, enabling the transfer of digital data from one device to another. To validate such a concept, we present two prototypes, along with user studies and a general discussion about the tangible drag-and-drop technique
A global call for action to include gender in research impact assessment
Global investment in biomedical research has grown significantly over the last decades, reaching approximately a quarter of a trillion US dollars in 2010. However, not all of this investment is distributed evenly by gender. It follows, arguably, that scarce research resources may not be optimally invested (by either not supporting the best science or by failing to investigate topics that benefit women and men equitably). Women across the world tend to be significantly underrepresented in research both as researchers and research participants, receive less research funding, and appear less frequently than men as authors on research publications. There is also some evidence that women are relatively disadvantaged as the beneficiaries of research, in terms of its health, societal, and economic impacts. Historical gender biases may have created a path dependency that means that the research system and the impacts of research are biased towards male researchers and male beneficiaries, making it inherently difficult (though not impossible) to eliminate gender bias. In this commentary, we â a group of scholars and practitioners from Africa, America, Asia, and Europeâ argue that gender-sensitive research impact assessment could become a force for good in moving science policy and practice towards gender equity. Research impact assessment is the multidisciplinary field of scientific inquiry that examines the research process to maximise scientific, societal, and economic returns on investment in research. It encompasses many theoretical and methodological approaches that can be used to investigate gender bias and recommend actions for change to maximise research impact. We offer a set of recommendations to research funders, research institutions, and research evaluators who conduct impact assessment on how to include and strengthen analysis of gender equity in research impact assessment and issue a global call for action
Molecular Mechanism of the Constitutive Activation of the L250Q Human Melanocortin-4 Receptor Polymorphism â
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65471/1/j.1747-0285.2006.00362.x.pd
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