Using MathML to Represent Units of Measurement for Improved Ontology Alignment

Ontologies provide a formal description of concepts and their relationships in a knowledge domain. The goal of ontology alignment is to identify semantically matching concepts and relationships across independently developed ontologies that purport to describe the same knowledge. In order to handle the widest possible class of ontologies, many alignment algorithms rely on terminological and structural meth- ods, but the often fuzzy nature of concepts complicates the matching process. However, one area that should provide clear matching solutions due to its mathematical nature, is units of measurement. Several on- tologies for units of measurement are available, but there has been no attempt to align them, notwithstanding the obvious importance for tech- nical interoperability. We propose a general strategy to map these (and similar) ontologies by introducing MathML to accurately capture the semantic description of concepts specified therein. We provide mapping results for three ontologies, and show that our approach improves on lexical comparisons.Comment: Conferences on Intelligent Computer Mathematics (CICM 2013), Bath, Englan

Potential for Ammonia Generation and Emission in Broiler Production Facilities in Brazil

Air quality is one of the main factors that must be guaranteed in animal production. However, the measurement of pollutants is still a problem in several countries because the available methods are costly and do not always apply to the reality of the constructive typology adopted, as in ountries with a hot climate, which adopt predominantly open facilities. Thus, the objective of the present study was to develop predictive models for the potential generation and emission of ammonia in the production of broiler chickens with different types of litter, different reuse cycles and under different climatic conditions. Samples of poultry litter from thirty commercial aviaries submitted to different air temperatures were analyzed. The experiment was conducted and analyzed in a completely randomized design, following a factorial scheme. Models were developed to predict the potential for generation and emission of ammonia, which can be applied in facilities with ambient conditions of air temperature between 25 and 40 °C and with wood shaving bed with up to four reuse cycles and coffee husks bed with up to six reuse cycles. The developed and validated models showed high accuracy indicating that they can be used to estimate the potential for ammonia generation and emission

IMPLICANCIAS DE LA COMPOSICIÓN DE ÁCIDOS GRASOS DE LAS LECHES QUE CONSUMIMOS EN LA SALUD: UNA REVISIÓN

The consumption of milk is widespread in the world and extensive information is found on the effect of its consumption on health. This literature review aimed to collect and organize information on the diff erential composition of fatty acids in the milk of various mammals and show their relationship with human health. The method uses protocols and search criteria (PICOS), to obtain the information and perform the analysis. Th e results highlight the variation of the milk composition according to its animal origin, in the percentage of its macrocomponents (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates), microcomponents (minerals, vitamins) and other bioelements, as well as in the composition of these. The lipid macrocomponent provides the largest source of energy, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and fat-soluble vitamins required by breeding during lactation, being very variable according to the mammal, so its consumption could have diff erent metabolic effects; thus, the benefi ts of polyunsaturated fatty acids will depend on the type, amount and ratio in which omega6:omega3 (1:1) are found; the type of saturated fatty acid and its importance, such as palmitic acid (16C:0), the presence of odd-chain fatty acids (15C:0, 17C:0), or monoaciltriglicerides (sn2) derived from milk digestion. So, we conclude that the scientifi c literature is currently abundant on the subject, achieving a better overview of the eff ects of fatty acids on health, although it is necessary to carry out more specific studies.El consumo de leche está extendido en el mundo y se encuentra amplia información sobre el efecto de su consumo en la salud. Esta revisión bibliográfica, tuvo como objetivo recopilar y organizar la información sobre la composición diferencial de los ácidos grasos de la leche de diversos mamíferos y mostrar su relación con la salud humana. El método utilizó protocolos y criterios de búsqueda (PICOS), para obtener la información y realizar el análisis. Los resultados destacan la variación de la composición láctea según su origen animal, en el porcentaje de sus macrocomponentes (proteínas, lípidos, carbohidratos), microcomponentes (minerales, vitaminas) y otros bioelementos, así como en la composición de éstos. El macrocomponente lípidos proporciona la mayor fuente de energía, de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (AGPI) y de vitaminas liposolubles que requiere la cría durante la lactancia, siendo éstos muy variables según el mamífero, por lo cual su consumo podría tener distintos efectos metabólicos en los humanos; así, los beneficios de los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados dependerán del tipo, cantidad y relación en que se encuentren los omega6:omega3 (1:1); el tipo de ácido graso saturado y su importancia, como el ácido palmítico (16C:0), la presencia de ácidos grasos de cadena impar (15C:0, 17C:0), o de monoaciltrigliceridos (sn2) derivados de la digestión de la leche. Por lo que concluimos que actualmente la literatura científica es abundante sobre el tema, logrando tener un mejor panorama general de los efectos de los ácidos grasos en la salud, aunque es necesario realizar más estudios específicos

Breast cancer in very young women—a multicenter 10-year experience

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in adult young women in Europe. Although rare, it is one of the leading causes of death in this age group. The aim of this study is to characterize a cohort of young women regarding tumor stage, biology, treatment and survival. Patients and methods: We present a multicenter retrospective analysis of women <35 years of age, diagnosed with BC between 2008 and 2017. A total of 207 patients from five Portuguese centers were included, from whom 172 were eligible for analysis. Data were analyzed using IBM SPPSS statistics. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 31 years. Fifty-one percent of tumors were hormone receptor (HR)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, 20% HR-positive/HER2-positive, 8% HR-negative/HER2-positive and 20% triple-negative BC. Twenty-two percent of patients were diagnosed in stage I, 26% stage II, 45% stage III and 6% had de novo metastatic cancer. Thirty-nine percent of patients were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Mean follow-up time was 64.9 months and overall survival at 5 years, of the entire cohort and metastatic patients, was 86.5% and 26%, respectively. Conclusions: In our study we found similar population characteristics to other cohorts <35 years of age. To our knowledge, this is one of the largest cohorts in very young women. BC in young women is an important issue and further studies are needed to provide better care and survivorship to patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Saving irrigation water as a tool to increase pomegranate fruit price and enhance the bioactive compound content

The non-climateric character of pomegranate (P. granatum) fruit underlines the importance of determining the optimum harvest time to improve fruit quality. The effect of irrigation withholding during 6, 15, 25 and 36 d before harvest was evaluated in order to clarify whether fruit ripening is critical or non-critical from the yield, fruit characteristics and composition point of view. The results indicated that this phenological period is critical because irrigation is essential during most of this phenological period to achieve maximum yield. However, a 6 d of irrigation restriction at the end of ripening period can be used as a tool to come early harvest time, saves irrigation water, enhances the bioactive compounds (anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, punicalagin and ellagic acid) and increases the price of the fruit without affecting marketable yield and fruit size

t→bWt \to b W in NonCommutative Standard Model

We study the top quark decay to b quark and W boson in the NonCommutative Standard Model (NCSM). The lowest contribution to the decay comes from the terms quadratic in the matrix describing the noncommutative (NC) effects while the linear term is seen to identically vanish because of symmetry. The NC effects are found to be significant only for low values of the NC characteristic scale.Comment: 11 page Latex file containing 2 eps figures (redrawn). More discussion included. To appear in PR