Age-sex marriage and the family structure of the guild merchants Yenisei province 60s. XIX - early XX centuries.

The article in the light of the modernization theory explains how to change the age and gender of marital and family structures guild merchants Yenisei province in the 60-ies. XIX - early XX centuries. Particular attention is paid to the processes of transformation of traditional society into an industrial-based analysis of demographic indicators of the merchant class. In archival materials, many of which are first introduced into scientific circulation shows age and sex and family and marriage patterns of guild merchants. A comparison study with other indicators of Siberian regions and national trends. It was revealed that the family and marriage structure of the merchants of the Yenisei province in the study period was influenced by traditional norms, although the trend towards degradation of family forms, first of all, the patriarchal type, characteristic of the rise of modernization processes, traced, especially in urban areas. The dynamics of the age and sex structure, indicative of the stabilization of migration flows in the region, indicating that the «smoothing» of the colonial specifics of the region

Dynamics rammers with two pairs of shock generators

The results of a numerical-analytic study for the dynamics of a vibro-impact mechanism with a crank vibration generator are presented in this paper. We show bifurcation diagrams and stability regions that let us find basic patterns in the reorganization of motion modes when the mechanism’s parameters change

Deformations of the Retaining Structures Upon Deep Excavations in Moscow

Foundation trenches for the buildings having underground floors and vehicular traffic tunnels are excavated in Moscow in congested urban housing environment. A retaining structure is a “slurry wall” made of cast-in-place reinforced concrete), and “soil-mixed-wall”. Retaining structures of trenches are fastened with the help of anchors, metal tie-beams, struts or floor structures. During the monitoring performed at major Moscow construction sites with deep trenches the (NIIOSP) named after Gersevanov created a database on retaining structures deformations

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INVOLVEMENT OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN EXTREMIST GROUPS IN THE INTERNET ENVIRONMENT

Abstract. The aim of the article is to consider the psychological characteristics of involvement of youth in extremist community through the Internet. Methods. The theoretical analysis and modeling were used as the main methods.Results. The Internet is described as a means and space of psychological influence on young people, which can be both positive and negative. Absorption of teenagers, boys and young men, in a virtual space essentially converts their activity and, as a result, transform the leading activity, which in turn leads to different mental tumors. Three main effects from the exposure of the Internet are found out: «the effect of the goals of drift», mythology and «the effect of excitement»; their impact on the individual in each age periods is noted. Consideration of the main motivational reasons, taking into account the specifics of building human interaction with the environment made it possible to identify and describe the main types of behavioural patterns exhibited by young people on the Internet. The degree of activity of young people in the network is described from the perspective of integrated strategies of behaviour: information blocking, changes in the distance, control, transformations. Risk groups of users, the most susceptible to extremist manipulations are designated. «Vulnerability areas» of representatives of each group are summarized and described; a step-by-step algorithm of victims’ involvement in extremist communities by recruiters is described.Scientific novelty of the present study consists in discussion of one of the most acute problems of the present – the changed conditions of a growing and socialization of younger generation; constant stay in network virtual space is an integral part of today’s existence, wherein unformed and immature person is very vulnerable to the influence of extremist content. To prevent the increased potential threat of involvement of young people in destructive, asocial and criminal activity, the authors suggest to draw close attention and to subject to the purposeful attacks of extremist communities. Detailed studying of social and psychological features of network behaviour of youth being affected by the dangerous content will help to provide well-timed prophylaxis of extremist moods among young people.Practical significance. The materials of the research can be used to identify and effectively prevent the influence of extremist groups on young Internet users.Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научно- исследовательского проекта «Интернет как инструмент формирования психологической готовности молодежи к экстремистскому поведению», проект № 16-29-09512Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научно- исследовательского проекта «Интернет как инструмент формирования психологической готовности молодежи к экстремистскому поведению», проект № 16-29-0951

About some educational trends: problems and prospects

The article views some western trends in the contemporary system of Russian education. The authors explain the essence of such educational approaches as tutoring and foresight and analyze basic problems and prospects of introducing these approaches into the system of professional educationРассматривается реализация западных тенденций в современной системе российского образования. Раскрывается сущность таких подходов, как тьюторство и форсайт, и анализируют основные трудности и перспективы их внедрения в систему российского профессионального образовани

Comparison of the results of star counts in nine open star clusters by the data of 2MASS and Gaia DR1

Звездные подсчеты с помощью метода kernel estimator проведены для скоплений NGC 1912, NGC 2099, NGC 4052, NGC 5715, NGC 6268, NGC 6834, NGC 7142, IC 2714, Czernik 38. Для подсчетов были использованы данные каталога Gaia DR1. Полученные результаты сравниваются с результатами звездных подсчетов по данным каталога 2MASS.Star counts were carried out for the clusters NGC 1912, NGC 2099, NGC 4052, NGC 5715, NGC 6268, NGC 6834, NGC 7142, IC 2714, Czernik 38 with the use of kernel estimator by Gaia DR1 data. Results are compared with the results of star counts by 2MASS data.Часть работ проведена при финансовой поддержке государства в лице Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации (базовая часть госзадания, РК №AAAA-A17-117030310283-7), а также при финансовой поддержке Правительства РФ (постановление №211, контракт №02.A03.21.0006)

Structural and dynamical characteristics of nine open star clusters

В рамках проекта по созданию однородного каталога структурных и динамических характеристик рассеянных звездных скоплений звездные подсчеты с помощью метода kernel estimator проведены для скоплений NGC 1912, NGC 2099, NGC 4052, NGC 5715, NGC 6268, NGC 6834, NGC 7142, IC 2714, Czernik 38. Для подсчетов были использованы данные каталога 2MASS. Для скоплений выборки построены карты распределения и радиальные профили поверхностной плотности, получены оценки функций светимости и функций масс, определены положения центров, получены оценки радиусов, чисел звезд и масс скоплений.Within the framework of the project of a development of the uniform catalog of structural and dynamical characteristics of open star clusters, star counts were carried out for the clusters NGC 1912, NGC 2099, NGC 4052, NGC 5715, NGC 6268, NGC 6834, NGC 7142, IC 2714, Czernik 38 with the use of kernel estimator by 2MASS data. Two-dimensional maps and radial profiles of a surface density, estimates of luminosity functions and mass functions have obtained for the sample clusters. The positions of cluster centres and estimates of the cluster radii, number of stars and masses have been determined.Часть работ проведена при финансовой поддержке государства в лице Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации (базовая часть госзадания, РК № AAAA-A17-117030310283-7), а также при финансовой поддержке Правительства РФ (постановление № 211, контракт № 02.A03.21.0006)

Non-biological complex drugs and their analogues in the pathogenetic therapy of multiple sclerosis: Issues of efficacy and safety in clinical use

The paper generalizes the experience with one of the main original drugs for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) – glatiramer acetate (GA, Copaxone®, Teva) in large Russian MS centers. The performed analysis of clinical trials suggests the high efficacy and favorable safety profile of the drug. The fact that patents for a number of effective and widely used original drugs, including those for agents from a group of immunomodulators, used to treat MS expire is one of the features of the current development of medicine. Due to the fact that most of them belong to interferons-β, i.e. biologicals, or structurally close to nonbiological complex drugs, the authors discuss the need to conduct comparative clinical trials of the original drug and follow-on glatiramoids with measured endpoints that can be used to establish their efficacy, safety, and evidence for therapeutic equivalence in order to examine their potential interchangeability

Оценка клинической эффективности схем фармакотерапии с использованием программного комплекса для ЭВМ на основе метода Фишберна (на примере противоастматической терапии у детей)

Aim: to assess the clinical efficacy of pharmacotherapy regimens using a software package. The article presents a method for assessing the clinical efficacy of pharmacotherapy regimens in children with exacerbation of bronchial asthma (BA); the method is based on comparing the treatment regimens by their significance using the Fishburn method. Materials and methods. We retrospectively analyzed the results of pharmacotherapy in 608 pediatric patients with BA treated in the hospital of Nizhny Novgorod in 2014-2015. We adopted the Fishburn method for determining the weights of each of the used regimens and their subsequent distribution by levels of clinical efficacy. The software was developed using high level C ++ language in the Borland Developer Studio 2006 environment. Results and discussion. The distribution included three levels (high, medium and low) and the subsequent clinical efficacy assessment – two levels (high and low). The high level (0.167-0.250) pertained to the combination of inhaled glucocorticosteroids (IGCS), short-acting β2- agonists (SABA) and antagonists of leukotriene receptors (ALR), the combination of IGCS, long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) and ALR, and the combination of IGCS and ALR. The average level (0.083-0.167) was given to the combination of SABA and ALR and the combination of IGCS and LABA. The low level (0-0,083) included the combination of IGCS and SABA and IGCS monotherapy. When classified by two levels of clinical efficacy, the following results were obtained: the high level (0.125-0.250) – the combination of IGCS, SABA and ALR, the combination of IGCS, LABA and ALR, the combination of IGCS and ALR, and the combination of SABA and ALR; the low level (0-0,125) – the combination of IGCS and LABA, the combination of IGCS and SABA, and IGCS monotherapy. The calculating algorithm for the software “Computer program for the distribution of drugs by levels of clinical efficacy” is presented. Conclusion. It has been shown that the combined anti-asthma therapies based on IGCS and ALR are characterized by a high level of clinical efficacy.Цель – оценка клинической эффективности схем фармакотерапии с использованием программного комплекса. В статье приведена методология оценки клинической эффективности схем фармакотерапии, использующихся в стационаре у детей по факту обострения бронхиальной астмы, на основании их распределения по уровням значимости с использованием метода Фишберна. Материалы и методы. Материалом для исследования служили данные фармакотерапии историй болезни 608 пациентов с БА, госпитализированных в стационар медицинской организации г. Нижнего Новгорода в 2014-2015 гг. Исследование носило ретроспективный характер. Методом исследования явился метод Фишберна для определения весовых коэффициентов каждой из используемых схем терапии с последующим их распределением по уровням клинической эффективности. Программное обеспечение разработано на языке высокого уровня С++ в среде Borland Developer Studio 2006. Результаты и обсуждение. В ходе выполнения работы было проведено распределение по трем уровням (высокий, средний и низкий) и по двум уровням клинической эффективности (высокий и низкий). К высокому уровню (0,167-0,250) относятся комбинация ингаляционных глюкокортикостероидов (ИГКС), коротко действующих β2-агонистов КДБА и антагонистов лейкотриеновых рецепторов (АЛР), комбинация ИГКС, длительно действующих β2-агонистов (ДДБА) и АЛР, комбинация ИГКС и АЛР; к среднему (0,083-0,167) – комбинация КДБА и АЛР, комбинация ИГКС и ДДБА; к низкому (0-0,083) – комбинация ИГКС и КДБА, монотерапия ИГКС. При распределении на два уровня клинической эффективности было получено: высокий уровень (0,125-0,250) – комбинация ИГКС, КДБА и АЛР, комбинация ИГКС, ДДБА и АЛР, комбинация ИГКС и АЛР, комбинация КДБА и АЛР; низкий уровень (0-0,125) – комбинация ИГКС и ДДБА, комбинация ИГКС и КДБА, монотерапия ИГКС. Представлен алгоритм расчетов в программе для ЭВМ «Программа для ЭВМ для распределения ЛП по уровням клинической эффективности». Заключение. Установлено, что к высокому уровню клинической эффективности относятся комбинации противоастматической терапии, включающие в себя ИГКС и АЛР

Thermal properties and structure of cast carbon-containing invar and superinvar alloys after two-stage annealing

The effect of carbon content on thermal properties of cast superinvar alloys subjected to two-stage annealing is studied. It is shown that carbon improves the casting properties of the alloys but raises the temperature coefficient of linear expansion (CTLE). Two-stage high-temperature annealing makes it possible to remove carbon from the solid solution and to transfer it into graphite, which is accompanied by decrease in the CTLE. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York