Age peculiarities in the change of aldoketoreductase spectrum in rat blood

In order to reveal the causes of age-related changes in sensitivity of the organism to oxidative stress, the spectrum of aldoketoreductases in blood serum of rats of different ages was investigated. It was discovered that 0.5- and 24-month old rats have the similar spectrum of aldoketoreductase in the blood. There are only four electrophoretic fractions of aldoketoreductases in their spectrum. The share of 3rd fraction increases the spectrum of 1.5-, 2- and 3- month old rats. The pubertal rats contain additional 5th fraction in aldoketoreductase spectrum of the blood. This electrophoretic fraction has maximal electrophoretic mobility, but there is inconstancy in spectrum. There are 6 electrophoretic fractions of aldoketoreductases in the blood of 3-month old rats. Two of them with maximal electrophoretic mobility are absent in the spectrum of 0.5- and 24- month old rats. There are the same shares of 3rd and 4th fraction in the aldoketoreductase spectrum of the blood 12-month old rats, and 5th fraction there is inconstancy. The cause of age-related changes in the aldoketoreductase spectrum of blood may be coupled with existence of age-related differences in the gene expression of the encoded enzymes of aldoketoreductase family. Due to the fact that 0.5- (early childhood) and 24-month old (senescence) rats have similar aldoketoreductase spectrum of the blood, we propose that the cause ofthat phenomenon coupled with age-related changes in the production and secretion of sex steroids

Originality of Author’s Position as a Playful Dialogue with Reader in Novel by M. Ende «Der Spiegel im Spiegel»

The article is devoted to the study of the category of the game and its embodiment in the form of specific game techniques in discourse. The research material was the work of M. Ende «Der Spiegel im Spiegel». The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the combined connections of artistic stories form irrational worlds. The relevance of the study is due to the growing interest of researchers in the surrealist reflection of reality in a literary text. It is shown in the work that play is a process of personality formation and a kind of free human activity. Special attention is paid to the theoretical analysis of fairytale discourse. The principle of semantic and compositional connection of individual works of the cycle of stories is brought into consideration. The article deals with the issues of realization by characters of literary texts of the key parameters of play and non-play in mythological discourse. Attention is paid to the main variants of human behavior. The question is also raised about the physical properties of mirrors, which are implicit markers of various symbols. Special attention is paid to the spherical mirror. It is shown that M. Ende’s work is based on the principle of the panoramic reflection effect

On Students Training in a New Masters Program “Molecular Biology and Plant Agrobiotechnology” at SaintPetersburg State University (SPbSU)

The development of an agro-industrial complex under present-day conditions is impossible to imagine without the development of agro-biotechnology, which in turn requires specialists with profound knowledge of biology, chemistry and related sciences. In this regard, training of personnel is needed to ensure active implementation of modern technologies in agricultural sciences. Until recently, such specialists have not been trained at classical universities, to which St. Petersburg State University belongs. To deal with this challenge, a Masters Program «Molecular Biology and Agrobiotechnology of Plants» has been developed and is being implemented in SPbSU. Teaching staff from eight departments of the Biological Faculty of SPbSU is involved in the creation and implementation of the Program. The Program in question is focused on familiarizing students with the modern problems, achievements, methodology of agro-biotechnology of plants, as well as on practical application of the obtained knowledge. Special attention is paid to the formation of trainees’ perceptions of the possibility and necessity of bringing plant breeding to the level of requirements and possibilities of the «post-genome era» to achieve high productivity and sustainability of agricultural production with minimal environmental risks. The Program seamlessly integrates practical exercises and students’ research work in the SPbSU facilities, as well as that performed at St. Petersburg research institutes. Much attention is paid to the development of students’ skills in conducting scientific discussions and in presenting their scientific data in different formats, for instance in English, which is very important for monitoring current scientific trends and integrating own research into world science. The Program is popular with students and many of its graduates have been employed by the leading biological and agricultural research institutes

Cartoon Image of the Mother, Its Perception by Elementary School Students and Correction in the Process of Media Education

Received 11 June 2021. Accepted 8 September 2021. Published online 11 October 2021.This article presents a psychological study of the mother image projected in cartoons and its perception by elementary school students. The research provides evidence for the importance of an integral approach to the analysis of media texts addressed to children, as well as for the necessity of considering their narrative, verbal, and descriptive components. A psychological analysis was conducted on the material of three cartoons: “Chunya” (USSR), “Barboskiny” [The Barkers] (Russia), and “Peppa Pig” (UK). Hypotheses were formulated about the potential influence of the cartoons on the younger audience. 70 elementary school students (χ = 9.5 years old) took part in the study. The research was conducted using the method of semantic differential; the data obtained were processed using factor analysis. The results show that the categorization of images follows the factors of “education”, “love”, “patience”, and “respect”. Differences in the semantic assessment of the cartoons under study are presented. Children perceive the events taking place in a cartoon directly, without reflection. Artistic mediation—polysemy, metaphors, and the category of the comic—does not evoke an aesthetic reaction in children, as assumed by the authors. It was found that the semantic assessment of the word “mother” by elementary school students did not agree with the traditional cultural status of a mother. Thus, the respondents ranked such indicators as “understanding” and “prestige” at a low level. A developmental experiment was conducted to correct the mother image as perceived by elementary school students. During the experimental program (8 lessons in total), the schoolchildren watched and discussed the cartoons together with a psychologist. At the end of the experiment, the semantic assessment of the verbal stimulus “mom” by the respondents showed a statistically significantly increase (р ≤ 0.05) in the indicators of “understanding” and “prestige”

Разработка стандартного образца физических свойств грунта глинистого (суглинка)

Introduction. The article presents results of developing a certified reference material for the physical properties of the soil clay (loam). The certified characteristics of the reference material are as follows: moisture content at the liquid limit via fall-cone test, moisture content at the plastic limit, soil particle density via pycnometer method.Materials and methods. The certified values of the physical properties of the soil clay (loam) were determined using the method of interlaboratory metrological experiment.Results. The bounds of absolute error of the certified values are as follows: 1.9 % for moisture content at the liquid limit via the fall-cone test, 1.5 % for moisture content at the plastic limit, 0.03 g/cm3 for soil particle density. The validity period of the certified reference material is 5 years.Discussion and conclusion. The developed reference material was registered in the State Register of type-approved reference materials as GSO 11038–2018. The reference material is aimed at: controlling the accuracy of the measurement results of certified characteristics; conducting interlaboratory comparisons; testing laboratories proficiency.Введение. Представлена информация о разработке стандартного образца физических свойств грунта. Аттестуемыми характеристиками стандартного образца являются влажность на границе текучести методом балансирного конуса, влажность на границе раскатывания, плотность частиц грунта пикнометрическим методом.Материалы и методы. Установление аттестованных значений физических свойств грунта глинистого (суглинка) выполнено способом межлабораторной метрологической аттестации.Результаты исследования. Границы абсолютной погрешности аттестованных значений влажности на границе текучести методом балансирного конуса составляет 1,9 %, влажности на границе раскатывания – 1,5 %, плотности частиц грунта– 0,03 г/см3. Срок годности стандартного образца– 5 лет.Обсуждения и заключения. Разработанный стандартный образец зарегистрирован в Государственном реестре утвержденных типов стандартных образцов под номером ГСО11038 –2018. Стандартный образец предназначен для контроля точности результатов измерений аттестованных характеристик; проведения межлабораторных сличительных испытаний, проверки компетентности лабораторий

Управление рисками безопасного использования высокоавтоматизированных транспортных средств в мегаполисе: системно-правовой анализ

The article presents the results of a scientific study of current issues of risk management associated with ensuring safe operation of unmanned vehicles, obtained by the authors as a result of implementation of the second stage of a scientific project supported by the Russian Science Foundation. The conclusions presented in the article are based on the results of a study of legal and organisational problems of ensuring the safe use of unmanned vehicles in a metropolis, carried out during the first stage of the project.The study confirmed the authors’ assumption that solving the problem of ensuring the safe use of unmanned vehicles is possible based on scientific research into the risks arising during their operation. It is substantiated that identification, differentiation, monitoring of risks determined by appearance of unmanned vehicles on highways is a necessary condition for development of a scientifically based system of legal measures of general and private prevention, including measures of legal liability for relevant offenses, based on categorisation of risks and threats of violation of mandatory requirements adopted to ensure transport safety and traffic management using this type of vehicle.The fundamental provisions are analysed and comprehended underlying the application of the risk­based approach in homogeneous and single-type social relations.В статье представлены результаты научного исследования актуальных вопросов управления рисками, связанными с обеспечением безопасной эксплуатации беспилотных автомобилей, полученные авторами в результатах реализации второго этапа научного проекта, поддержанного Российским научным фондом. Выводы, представленные в статье, основываются на результатах исследования правовых и организационных проблем обеспечения безопасного использования беспилотных автомобилей в условиях мегаполиса, осуществленного в период первого этапа проекта.В ходе исследования подтвердилось предположение авторов, что решение задачи обеспечения безопасного использования беспилотных автомобилей возможно на основе научного исследования рисков, возникающих при их эксплуатации. Обосновывается, что выявление, дифференциация, мониторинг рисков, детерминированных появлением на автомобильных дорогах беспилотных автомобилей, является необходимым условием для выработки научно обоснованной системы правовых мер общей и частной превенции, включающей меры юридической ответственности за соответствующие правонарушения, основанной на категорировании рисков и угроз нарушения обязательных требований, устанавливаемых в целях обеспечения безопасности на транспорте и организации дорожного движения с использованием такого рода транспортных средств.Проанализированы принципиальные положения, заложенные в основу применения риск-ориентированного подхода воднородных и одновидовых общественных отношениях

Atorvastatin: old friend in the light of novel coronavirus infection’s pandemia

The COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2) continues to be a global threat to people and health systems. As of March 21, 2022, there are more than 460 million cases and more than 6 million deaths worldwide, and more than 17 million and 360,000 respectively in the Russian Federation. Due to the rapid spread of the new coronavirus infection, since the beginning of the pandemic, tremendous efforts have been made to create new pharmacological agents to reduce morbidity and mortality, and tactics have been used to repurpose existing medications in treatment regimens for patients with COVID-19, particularly statins. Statins represent one of the most widely used and prescribed classes of drugs in the world. The hypolipidemic properties of statins are actively used to treat hyperlipidemia and primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and their complications. Statins have a known safety profile, are inexpensive and accessible. In addition to their hypolipidemic effects, statins have a wide range of pleiotropic anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antithrombotic effects potentially useful in the treatment of COVID-19. Presumably, the use of statins can reduce SARS-CoV-2-induced organ and tissue damage and improve lung function. The use of statins, particularly atorvastatin, as one of the most effective, widely prescribed and studied drugs in this class, as a safe, affordable and relatively inexpensive therapy may be a promising therapeutic approach in the fight against a new coronavirus infection

Representation of Megapolises' Stress Factors in the Presentation of Youth

Статья посвящена исследованию особенностей восприятия и субъективной значимости негативных факторов среды современных российских мегаполисов в их реальном и цифровом измерении представителями молодежи. Поскольку городская среда - это изменчивое социально-культурное и физическое пространство, открытие нового измерения - цифрового - вносит существенные изменения как в формирование образов самой среды, оценку ее позитивных / негативных аспектов, так и в поведение жителей, в том числе молодежи в ее условиях. Вследствие этого целью настоящего исследования стало выявление актуальных в условиях цифровизации городского пространства субъективно значимых для представителей молодежи стресс-факторов городской среды российских мегаполисов.The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of perception and the subjective significance of negative environmental factors of modern Russian megacities in their real and digital dimensions by representatives of youth. Since the urban environment is a changeable social and cultural and physical space, the opening of a new dimension - digital - introduces significant changes both in the formation of images of the environment itself, the assessment of its positive / negative aspects, and in the behavior of residents, including youth in its conditions. As a result, the purpose of this study was to identify the stress factors of the urban environment of Russian megacities that are relevant in the context of digitalization of urban space, subjectively significant for youth