Analysis of hadron production in nucleus-nucleus interactions up to and out of kinematical limit of free NN-collisions in the frame of FRITIOF model

In the framework of the modified FRITIOF model, the inclusive spectra of the cumulative $\pi ^0$-, $\pi ^-$-mesons and protons produced in the nucleus-nucleus interactions at 4.5 GeV/c/nucleon and 4.2 GeV/c/nucleon are calculated. It is shown that the model reproduces qualitatively, and in some cases quantitatively the main experimental regularities of $\pi$-mesons production, and "soft" part of the proton spectra. According to the model the production of the cumulative particles is connected with the mechanism of the "soft" nucleon-nucleon interaction.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figure

Temporary Acceleration of Electrons While Inside an Intense Electromagnetic Pulse

A free electron can temporarily gain a very significant amount of energy if it is overrun by an intense electromagnetic wave. In principle, this process would permit large enhancements in the center-of-mass energy of electron-electron, electron-positron and electron-photon interactions if these take place in the presence of an intense laser beam. Practical considerations severely limit the utility of this concept for contemporary lasers incident on relativistic electrons. A more accessible laboratory phenomenon is electron-positron production via an intense laser beam incident on a gas. Intense electromagnetic pulses of astrophysical origin can lead to very energetic photons via bremsstrahlung of temporarily accelerated electrons

Междисциплинарный интегративный подход к ведению беременности при доброкачественных и пограничных опухолях яичника: клинический случай и обзор литературы

The management and treatment of patients with various malignancies during pregnancy appears to be a pressing issue to date. Ovarian tumors take the 4th place among all neoplasms diagnosed during pregnancy. The study aimed to investigate an interdisciplinary integrative approach to pregnancy management in case of benign and borderline ovarian tumors.The article presents the analysis of the pregnancy course in women with borderline and malignant ovarian tumors. When detecting a tumor during pregnancy, obstetric and surgical tactics is determined in a multidisciplinary team together with an oncologist.It is possible not only to prolong pregnancy without additional chemotherapy but also to preserve fertility in the future in patients with borderline tumors and stage I malignant tumors.Ведение и лечение пациенток с онкологическими заболеваниями на фоне беременности сегодня представляется очень актуальной проблемой. Среди всех онкологических заболеваний, выявляемых при беременности, опухоли яичников занимают 4 место. Цель исследования — изучить междисциплинарный интегративный подход к ведению беременности при доброкачественных и пограничных опухолях яичника.В статье представлены данные по анализу течения беременности у женщин с пограничными и злокачественными опухолями яичников.При обнаружении опухолей во время беременности акушерская и хирургическая тактика определяются индивидуально совместно с онкологом.При пограничных опухолях, а также злокачественных опухолях Iа стадии возможно не только пролонгирование данной беременности без дополнительного химиотерапевтического лечения, но и сохранение фертильности в дальнейшем

Measurement of the Charged Multiplicities in b, c and Light Quark Events from Z0 Decays

Average charged multiplicities have been measured separately in $b$, $c$ and light quark ($u,d,s$) events from $Z^0$ decays measured in the SLD experiment. Impact parameters of charged tracks were used to select enriched samples of $b$ and light quark events, and reconstructed charmed mesons were used to select $c$ quark events. We measured the charged multiplicities: $\bar{n}_{uds} = 20.21 \pm 0.10 (\rm{stat.})\pm 0.22(\rm{syst.})$, $\bar{n}_{c} = 21.28 \pm 0.46(\rm{stat.}) ^{+0.41}_{-0.36}(\rm{syst.})$ $\bar{n}_{b} = 23.14 \pm 0.10(\rm{stat.}) ^{+0.38}_{-0.37}(\rm{syst.})$, from which we derived the differences between the total average charged multiplicities of $c$ or $b$ quark events and light quark events: $\Delta \bar{n}_c = 1.07 \pm 0.47(\rm{stat.})^{+0.36}_{-0.30}(\rm{syst.})$ and $\Delta \bar{n}_b = 2.93 \pm 0.14(\rm{stat.})^{+0.30}_{-0.29}(\rm{syst.})$. We compared these measurements with those at lower center-of-mass energies and with perturbative QCD predictions. These combined results are in agreement with the QCD expectations and disfavor the hypothesis of flavor-independent fragmentation.Comment: 19 pages LaTex, 4 EPS figures, to appear in Physics Letters

Thermal effect of bainitic transformation in tube steels during accelerated cooling

An original laboratory bench, which allows for modeling technological rates of cooling of hot-rolled sheets in the process of controlled thermomechanical processing (TMCP) has been designed. Samples cut from an industrial sheet of 06G2MB type pipe steel used in production of large diameter pipes with strength grade X80 have been used. Time dependencies of the actual temperature at initial cooling rates of 100 – 500 K / s have been obtained. All processing modes resulted in almost identical structures mainly formed due to the bainitic transformation. The dispersion of structures decreased with the increase of the cooling rate. Thermotechnical calculations were carried out assuming that the temperature equalization over the sample thickness was instant. The times of transformation amounted to 1 – 9 s. Most of the transformation at all cooling modes occurred in conditions close to the isothermal one. The athermal nature of the bainitic transformation in TMCP was recorded. Within the observed interval of cooling rates, the temperature at the starting point of the bainitic transformation was 660 – 730°C. The heat effect approximately was equal to 120 kJ / kg, which is twice larger than the thermal effect of the martensite transformation for low-carbon steels. This fact suggests that the kinetics of the bainitic transformation is largely determined by the energy of the slowest process, namely, the re-arrangement of carbon atoms in the austenite occurring parallelly to the shear transformation of FCC lattice into BCC one. It is assumed that energy contribution of the redistribution process of carbon atoms (if their amount is small) to the thermal effect of the bainitic transformation is comparable, at least, to the energy effect of the shear lattice rearrangement. © 2018, Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.Благодарности/Acknowledgements. Работа выпол-нена на  оборудовании ОАО «Аусферр». Работа выпол-нена в  рамках государственного задания ФАНО России, тема «Структура» (”Structure“), номер госрегистрации 0120146333. Авторы выражают признательность за со-действие программе поддержки ведущих университетов РФ в целях повышения их конкурентоспособности № 211 Правительства РФ №02.А03.21.0006./The study was performed on the equipment from OAO “Ausferr”. The study was performed within the framework of the state assignment from the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations of Russian Federation, theme “Structure”, registration number 0120146333. The authors express their gratitud

25-years of research and teaching activities of the department of hygiene and occupational diseases USMU

The paper describes the main stages of the formation of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine at the Ural State Medical University. The contribution of the Ural scientists to the development of domestic hygienic science is describedВ статье отражены основные этапы формирования медико-профилактического факультета в Уральском государственном медицинском университете. Рассказано о вкладе уральских ученых в развитие отечественной гигиенической наук