Divorce, divorce rates, and professional care seeking for mental health problems in Europe: a cross-sectional population-based study

Background: Little is known about differences in professional care seeking based on marital status. The few existing studies show more professional care seeking among the divorced or separated compared to the married or cohabiting. The aim of this study is to determine whether, in a sample of the European general population, the divorced or separated seek more professional mental health care than the married or cohabiting, regardless of self-reported mental health problems. Furthermore, we examine whether two country-level features-the supply of mental health professionals and the country-level divorce rates-contribute to marital status differences in professional care-seeking behavior. Methods: We use data from the Eurobarometer 248 on mental well-being that was collected via telephone interviews. The unweighted sample includes 27,146 respondents (11,728 men and 15,418 women). Poisson hierarchical regression models were estimated to examine whether the divorced or separated have higher professional health care use for emotional or psychological problems, after controlling for mental and somatic health, sociodemographic characteristics, support from family and friends, and degree of urbanization. We also considered country-level divorce rates and indicators of the supply of mental health professionals, and applied design and population weights. Results: We find that professional care seeking is strongly need based. Moreover, the divorced or separated consult health professionals for mental health problems more often than people who are married or who cohabit do. In addition, we find that the gap between the divorced or separated and the married or cohabiting is highest in countries with low divorce rates. Conclusions: The higher rates of professional care seeking for mental health problems among the divorced or separated only partially correlates with their more severe mental health problems. In countries where marital dissolution is more common, the marital status gap in professional care seeking is narrower, partially because professional care seeking is more common among the married or cohabiting

Gli effetti degli incentivi monetari a favore degli studenti universitari: una valutazione d’impatto

IRVAPP Progress Report 2010-0

Gli effetti degli incentivi monetari a favore degli studenti universitari. Una valutazione di impatto

Using a counterfactual approach, this paper empirically investigates the impact of an educational program recently introduced in the province of Trento (North-East of Italy). The aim of the policy is to foster university enrollment of students from low-income families and reduce inequalities in access to Higher Education. The program, known as Grant 5B, consists in generous monetary incentives that are targeted to university students from low-income families and are awarded based on both merit and demonstrated financial need. We analyze data from an ad hoc survey conducted on a sample of upper secondary graduates. We employ a regression discontinuity design to estimate the impact of the intervention on university enrollment. We find that the program has no significant effects on enrollment rates. Relying on the relative risk aversion theory, we explain why a relaxation of the eligibility rules based on merit might be more effective in reducing social inequalities in access to university

Reti sociali e reti neurali. Nuovi metodi di segmentazione del capitale sociale

Partant premièrement du postulat que le symbole procède d'un principe d'assimilation et d'une conception métaphysique du monde et qu'il devient archétype quand il est reconnu à l'identique par des civilisations différentes dans le temps et dans l'espace, selon la définition de Jung, partant deuxièmement du fait que l'emblème est un genre iconico-littéraire-apparu au XVIe siècle et disparu au XVIIIe siècle-qui se manifeste par la triple alliance d'une gravure (pictura), d'une sentence inscrite..

MIS-C Treatment: Is IVIG Always Necessary?

Background: MIS-C is a potentially severe inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is considered the first-tier therapy, but it implies infusion of large fluid volumes that may worsen cardiac function. Patients and Methods: Since April 2020, we have developed a treatment protocol that avoids the infusion of IVIG as first-line therapy in the early phase of MIS-C. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed a cohort of consecutive patients treated according to this protocol between 01/04/2020 and 01/04/2021. Results: In the last year, 31 patients have been treated according to the protocol: 25 with high-dose pulse MP (10 mg/kg) and 6 with 2 mg/kg. 67.7% of the patients responded to the initial treatment, while the others needed a step-up, either with Anakinra (25.8%) or with MP dose increase (6.5%). IVIG was administered in four patients. Overall, only one patient (3.2%) needed ICU admission and inotropic support; one patient developed a small coronary artery aneurysm. Conclusions: Timely start of MP therapy and careful fluid management might improve the outcomes of MIS-C patients

Corrigendum: MIS-C Treatment: Is IVIG Always Necessary?(Front. Pediatr. (2021), 9, (753123.), 10.3389/fped.2021.753123)

In the original article, there was an error. Incorrect reference numbers and authors names were cited in the text. “2, 9, 12” has been updated to “2, 11, 13,” “. . . ICU stay (11); Del Borrello et al. and Sacco et al. found. . . ” has been updated to “. . . ICU stay; Son et al. found. . . ,” and “9, 12” has been updated to “2, 11.” A correction has been made to Discussion, Paragraph Number 3: “So far, three real-life retrospective studies have been conducted regarding the use of steroidsto treat MIS-C (2, 11, 13). In two of them, the authors compared the outcomes of the patients treated with steroids and IVIG vs. IVIG alone. Ouldali et al. found that adding MP to IVIG led to a significant decrease of hemodynamic support needs and a reduction in length of ICU stay; Son et al. found that the patients treated with steroids and IVIG had a lower risk of new or persistent cardiovascular dysfunction compared to the ones treated with IVIG alone (2, 11).” The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated