247 research outputs found

    Peculiarities of national interests institutionalization in the North American tradition: history and modernity

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    This article is devoted to the analysis of characteristics of national interests’ institutionalization in the North American tradition, namely the evolution of their legal consolidation and the practice of implementation in modern condition

    ΠšΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Янус-ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°Π· Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π°: достиТСния ΠΈ пСрспСктивы

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    Significant successes in the use of biological agents (BA) have been achieved in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); nonetheless, about 36% of patients cannot respond to therapy or achieve the expected effect. A new area in the treatment of RA is the use of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (chemical molecules with a molecular weight <1 kDa for oral administration) that inhibit the activity of intracellular signaling systems. The authors consider the clinical achievements and prospects, which open the use of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of RA.Π’ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π° (РА) достигнуты Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ успСхи, связанныС с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… биологичСских ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ Ρƒ 36% ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ удаСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΡŒ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эффСкта. Новым Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ РА являСтся использованиС ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Янус-ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°Π· (JAK) – Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… синтСтичСских базисных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² (химичСских ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ» с молСкулярной массой <1ΠΊΠ”Π° для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ°), ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. РассмотрСны клиничСскиС достиТСния ΠΈ пСрспСктивы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² JAK Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ РА

    Hydroxymercuration-demercuration of 2-carene

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    trans-3-Caranol, a-terpineol, p-5-methene-1,8-diol, and p-6-menthene-5,8-diol are formed in the hydroxymercuration-demercuration of 2-carene. Β© 1979 Plenum Publishing Corporation

    ΠŸΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ эффСкты Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π° Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ€Π±ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с остСоартритом

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    The article presents an analysis of the therapeutic effect of the drug diacerein (D), which has been used in osteoarthritis (OA) for more than 20 years and is included in the clinical guidelines of the Association of Rheumatologists of Russia (2021) and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal diseases (ESCEO, 2019) for the treatment of OA. The main pathogenic effect of D in OA is to suppress the synthesis of interleukin 1, stimulate the production of articular cartilage proteoglycans, and slow down abnormal remodeling of the subchondral bone. The advantages of D in the treatment of patients with OA and comorbidities are presented – a prolonged anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect and good tolerability. These properties of D allow to control the symptoms of OA and improve the quality of life of patients. The structure-modifying effect of D is based on its ability to stimulate the synthesis of articular cartilage proteoglycans with long-term use and prevent abnormal remodeling of the subchondral bone, which leads to a decrease in the risk of OA progression and a delay in total joint arthroplasty. An important advantage of D is its positive metabolic effect in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, which is associated with the ability of D to reduce the level of glycated hemoglobin and body mass index. Data are presented on the absence of adverse cardiovascular effects when using D, which allows us to recommend its use in patients with OA who have comorbid cardiovascular diseases, as well as contraindications for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· тСрапСвтичСского дСйствия ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΈΠ½ (Π”), ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 20 Π»Π΅Ρ‚ примСняСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ остСоартритС (ОА) ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ Π² клиничСскиС Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ОА Ассоциации Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² России (2021) ΠΈ ЕвропСйского общСства ΠΏΠΎ клиничСским ΠΈ экономичСским аспСктам остСопороза, остСоартрита ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ-скСлСтных Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ESCEO, 2019). ОсновноС патогСнСтичСскоС дСйствиС Π” ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ОА Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ синтСза ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° 1, стимуляции Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ² суставного хряща, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ аномального рСмодСлирования ΡΡƒΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ кости. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ прСимущСства Π” ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ОА ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ – ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ³Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ дСйствиС ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ свойства Π” ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ симптомы ОА ΠΈ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ качСство ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ дСйствиС Π” основано Π½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ способности ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ синтСз ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ² суставного хряща ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ аномальноС Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡƒΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ кости, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊ сниТСнию риска прогрСссирования ОА ΠΈ отсрочкС Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эндопротСзирования суставов.Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ прСимущСством Π” являСтся Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ мСтаболичСский эффСкт Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… сахарным Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ 2-Π³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ связан со ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π” ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ индСкс массы Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ± отсутствии сСрдСчно-сосудистых ослоТнСний ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π”, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ОА, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ€Π±ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ сСрдСчно-сосудистыС заболСвания, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ противопоказания для назначСния нСстСроидных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²

    Анализ тСрапСвтичСских прСимущСств ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… симптоматичСских срСдств ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ остСоартритС: Π°ΠΊΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π° структурно-ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ дСйствиС

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    The review presents an analysis of the therapeutic effect in osteoarthritis (OA) of the original complex injectable drug Alflutop (bioactive concentrate of small marine fish), which is one of the most widely used symptomatic slow acting drugs (SYSADOA) in Russia. It stimulates the proliferation of chondrocytes, activates the synthesis of the extracellular matrix by modulating transforming growth factor Ξ² (TGFΞ²), inhibits hyaluronidase, oxidative stress and the activity of extracellular expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes – interleukin (IL) 1Ξ², IL6 and IL8 in vitro.The results of prospective clinical studies are presented, which demonstrate the ability of Alflutop to slow down the X-ray progression of OA of the knee joints (inhibit the narrowing of the joint space, the growth of osteophytes and increase the intra-articular concentration of hyaluronic acid), as well as restore the mobility of the hip joints when it is locally introduced into the zone of pathological changes in the articular lip of the acetabulum. Combined therapy with Alflutop leads to activation of reparative processes and significant clinical improvement in patients with post-traumatic OA, and also slows down the progression of chondrodegeneration according to magnetic resonance imaging. The new Alflutop administration regimen for knee OA (2 ml every other day, β„–10) can increase patient adherence to therapy.The results of clinical studies presented in the review prove the structural-modifying effect of Alflutop in OA of various localization and substantiate its widespread use in this disease in rheumatological, traumatological and orthopedic practice.Π’ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅ прСдставлСн Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· тСрапСвтичСского дСйствия ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ остСоартритС (ОА) ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ комплСксного ΠΈΠ½ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° Алфлутоп (Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ… морских Ρ€Ρ‹Π±), ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… симптоматичСских ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дСйствия (SYSADOA) Π² России. Он стимулируСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Ρ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ², Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ синтСз Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ матрикса посрСдством модуляции Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° роста Ξ² (Π’Π€Π Ξ²), ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π³ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΄Π°Π·Ρƒ, ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ стрСсс ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ экспрСссии Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² – ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° (Π˜Π›) 1Ξ², Π˜Π›6 ΠΈ Π˜Π›8 in vitro.ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ проспСктивных клиничСских исслСдований, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Алфлутопа Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ рСнтгСнологичСскоС прогрСссированиС ОА ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… суставов (Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ суТСниС суставной Ρ‰Π΅Π»ΠΈ, рост остСофитов ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π³ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ кислоты), Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°Π·ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… суставов ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ локальном Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ патологичСских ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ суставной Π³ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹ Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π»ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. ΠšΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ тСрапия с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Алфлутопа ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ клиничСскому ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с посттравматичСским ОА, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ замСдляСт прогрСссированиС Ρ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎ-рСзонансной Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΈ. Новый Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ ввСдСния Алфлутопа ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ОА ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сустава (ΠΏΠΎ 2 ΠΌΠ» Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· дСнь, β„–10) ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ клиничСских исслСдований Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ структурно-ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ дСйствиС Алфлутопа ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ОА Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ использованиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² рСвматологичСской, травматологичСской ΠΈ ортопСдичСской ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅.

    Structure of comorbidity in ascending aortic aneurysm

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    Aim. To analyze the comorbidity structure in patients with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) in the Siberian Federal District (SFD).MaterialΒ andΒ methods. The study included 163 patients (114 men (56,8Β±12,1 years) and 49 women (59,4Β±10,4 years)) with ascending TAA, who underwent open surgical treatment at the Cardiology Research Institute of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center. Concomitant pathologies were assessed on the basis of anamnesis and paraclinical investigations. Comparison of the prevalence of concomitant diseases in the group of patients with ascending TAA between men and women, as well as between patients ascending TAA in the SFD, other groups of patients with this pathology, population samples and patients with other cardiovascular diseases was performed using the Ο‡2 test or Fisher’s exact test in the Statistiсa 12 program.Results. In patients with ascending TAA, hypertension (67,5%), bicuspid aortic valve (44,2%), coronary artery disease (38,6%), arrhythmia (31,3%), and heart failure (27,6%). Atherosclerosis of the aorta, coronary and carotid arteries occur with a prevalence of 12,9%, 16,6% and 5,5%, respectively. Among other forms of pathologies, the most common are connective tissue dysplasia (65,6%), obesity (12,3%), and chronic obstructive bronchitis (9,8%). In men with ascending TAA, myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation are detected more often than women (11,4% and 20,2% vs 2% and 6,1%; p<0,05), and in women β€” carotid atherosclerosis and impaired cerebral circulation (12,2% and 18,4% vs 2,6% and 5,3%, p<0,05). Compared to other compared groups, aortic, coronary and carotid atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, and type 2 diabetes were less frequently recorded in patients with ascending TAA in the SFD.Conclusion. Patients with ascending TAA in the SFD are characterized by a complex structure of comorbidity, including both cardiovascular pathologies and related risk factors, and other pathologies, including diseases of the lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, infectious and cancer diseases. To confirm the presence of inverse comorbidity between ascending TAA, atherosclerosis of other location, and type 2 diabetes, large-scale epidemiological, morphological, and molecular genetic studies are needed, which will reveal the fundamental mechanisms underlying it

    Late Replication Domains in Polytene and Non-Polytene Cells of Drosophila melanogaster

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    In D. melanogaster polytene chromosomes, intercalary heterochromatin (IH) appears as large dense bands scattered in euchromatin and comprises clusters of repressed genes. IH displays distinctly low gene density, indicative of their particular regulation. Genes embedded in IH replicate late in the S phase and become underreplicated. We asked whether localization and organization of these late-replicating domains is conserved in a distinct cell type. Using published comprehensive genome-wide chromatin annotation datasets (modENCODE and others), we compared IH organization in salivary gland cells and in a Kc cell line. We first established the borders of 60 IH regions on a molecular map, these regions containing underreplicated material and encompassing ∼12% of Drosophila genome. We showed that in Kc cells repressed chromatin constituted 97% of the sequences that corresponded to IH bands. This chromatin is depleted for ORC-2 binding and largely replicates late. Differences in replication timing between the cell types analyzed are local and affect only sub-regions but never whole IH bands. As a rule such differentially replicating sub-regions display open chromatin organization, which apparently results from cell-type specific gene expression of underlying genes. We conclude that repressed chromatin organization of IH is generally conserved in polytene and non-polytene cells. Yet, IH domains do not function as transcription- and replication-regulatory units, because differences in transcription and replication between cell types are not domain-wide, rather they are restricted to small β€œislands” embedded in these domains. IH regions can thus be defined as a special class of domains with low gene density, which have narrow temporal expression patterns, and so displaying relatively conserved organization
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