Fouling communities of microscopic fungi on various substrates of the Black Sea

Fungi are the most active biodeteriorators of natural and man-made materials. The article presents generalizations of the studies (2001–2019) of communities of microscopic fungi within biofilms on various substrates: shells of live Mytilus (Mytilus galloprovincialis, 670 specimens) and Ostreidae (Crassostrea gigas, 90 specimens), fragments of driftwood (over 7,000), stones (40), concrete of hydrotechnical constructions along the shoreline (80) and wood between concrete blocks in constructions on the shores (80). The studies were carried out in Odessa Oblast, the coastal zone of Sevastopol and open area of the Black Sea. There were identified 123 species of micromycetes, belonging to 65 genera, 33 families, 21 orders, 10 classes, 4 divisions, 2 kingdoms: Fungi and Chromista (fungi-like organisms). The Chromista kingdom was represented by 1 species – Ostracoblabe implexa, on shells of C. gigas. The number of species of micromycetes on various substrates varied 23 (wood between concrete blocks of hydrotechnical constructions) to 74 (shells of M. galloprovincialis at the depths of 3 and 6 m). On all the substrates, the following species were found; Alternaria alternata, Botryotrichum murorum. The communities were found to contain pathogenic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus (shells of mollusks, stones, concrete), A. terreus (concrete), Fusarium oxysporum, Pseudallescheria boydii (shells of mollusks). The best representation was seen for the Pleosporales order – from 12.9% (shells of M. galloprovincialis, 0.3 m depth) to 33.3% (shells of C. gigas) of the species composition. Toxin-producing species of Microascales in mycological communities accounted for 1.6% (driftwood) to 40.0% (concrete), and were also observed on shells of Bivalvia – 11.1–32.3%. Similarity of species composition of mycological communities according to Bray-Curtis coefficient varied 21.1% (driftwood and concrete, 10 shared species) to 72.7% (shells of M. galloprovincialis, the depths of 3 and 7 m and shells of C. gigas, 45 shared species). Using graphs of indices of mean taxonomic distinctness (AvTD, Δ+) and variation (Variation in Taxonomic Distinctness index, VarTD, Λ+), we determined deviations of taxonomic structure of the studied mycological communities from the level of mean expected values, calculated based on the list of species, taking into account their systematic positions. The lowest values of index Δ+ were determined for communities on shells of M. galloprovincialis, 0.3 m depth, driftwood, stones and concrete. These communities had uneven distribution of species according to higher taxonomic ranks and minimum number of the highest taxa: 4–6 classes, 1–2 divisions, Fungi kingdom. Disproportion in species composition with decrease in the number of the highest taxa occurred in extreme environmental conditions. Using index Λ+, we found that the most complex taxonomic structure of fungi communities has developed on concrete and shells of C. gigas. In mycological communities on those substrates, the number of species was low (25 and 46), but they belonged to 4–7 classes, 2–3 divisions, 1–2 kingdoms. To compare the structures of mycological communities that have developed in such substrates in biotopes sea, sea-land-air, land-air, we compiled a list of fungi based on the literature data, which, taking into account our data, comprised 445 species of 240 genera, 103 families, 51 orders, 15 classes, 5 divisions, 2 kingdoms. The analysis revealed that on substrates with similar chemical composition, in all the biotopes, the species of the same divisions dominated (genus and family may vary). Therefore, in the biotope land-air – Hypocreales, Pleosporales, Eurotiales (genera Acremonium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Penicillium); sea – Pleosporales, Eurotiales, Microascales (Alternaria, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Corollospora); sea-land-air – Pleosporales, Microascales (Alternaria, Leptosphaeria, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Corollospora, Halosarpheia). Monitoring of species composition of myxomycetes is needed in farms that cultivate industrial objects, recreation sites, various buildings for prevention of mycotoxin intoxication and infestation by mycodermatoses and other diseases caused by opportunistic and pathogenic fungi

The contribution of CYP2C gene subfamily involved in epoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acids metabolism to hypertension susceptibility in Russian population

The present study was designed to investigate whether common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of CYP2C gene subfamily such as CYP2C8 (rs7909236 and rs1934953), CYP2C9 (rs9332242), and CYP2C19 (rs4244285) are associated with susceptibility to EH in Russian populatio

The impact of genetic polymorphisms in glutamate-cysteine ligase, a key enzyme of glutathione biosynthesis, on Ischemic stroke risk and brain infarct size

The purpose of this pilot study was to explore whether polymorphisms in genes encoding the catalytic (GCLC) and modifier (GCLM) subunits of glutamate-cysteine ligase, a rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione synthesis, play a role in the development of ischemic stroke (IS) and the extent of brain damag

Dressing a black hole with non-minimally coupled scalar field hair

We investigate the possibility of dressing a four-dimensional black hole with classical scalar field hair which is non-minimally coupled to the space-time curvature. Our model includes a cosmological constant but no self-interaction potential for the scalar field. We are able to rule out black hole hair except when the cosmological constant is negative and the constant governing the coupling to the Ricci scalar curvature is positive. In this case, non-trivial hairy black hole solutions exist, at least some of which are linearly stable. However, when the coupling constant becomes too large, the black hole hair becomes unstable.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures, uses iopart.cls. Minor changes, accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravit

ESPEG model and corporate governance system for ensuring sustainable development of enterprises

In 2023, there is a pressing requirement to promote enterprise growth and guarantee enduring sustainability, therefore, it is timely to craft an effective model for sustainable progress and establish a corporate governance framework. The aim of the research was to develop innovative approaches to ensure the sustainable development of enterprises through the development of a sustainable development model and corporate governance system. The essence of the concepts of “corporate governance” and “corporate management” is also defined in the article using the categorical method of two-level triadic decoding. The research is based on the principles of sustainable development, systemic and holistic approaches. The article proposes a four-component model of the enterprise sustainable development concept (ESPEG model), which reflects the hierarchical arrangement of the environmental (E), socio-political (SP), economic (E), and governance (G) spheres of the enterprise. This model identifies the directions for the application of management tools to influence specific interacting spheres. The result of the work is an improved model of enterprise sustainable development that enables the structuring of the key components of the concept to ensure effective management of the enterprise based on the balance of its key elements. The model of corporate governance system has been improved, incorporating the paradigm of sustainable development and considering the necessity of integrating various management subsystems within the company. The proposed corporate governance system identifies the control loop of corporate management and defines the governing and controlled subsystems along with their components. It has been established that a corporate governance system built on the principles of sustainable development will contribute to achieving positive results in the company’s development, ensuring the sustainability of its social, environmental, and economic aspects. The implementation of the proposed corporate governance system will facilitate further research into its essence and application specifics in modern companie

Typology of the headline complex elements in corporate university media (based on newspapers “Ural Federal” and “Gaceta UNAM”)

Исследование направлено на составление типологии элементов заголовочного комплекса в корпоративных вузовских изданиях. Материалом исследования послужили свыше 800 дотекстовых и внутритекстовых высказываний в изданиях «Уральский федеральный» и «Gaceta UNAM». Результаты демонстрируют наличие в обеих газетах четырех основных компонентов заголовочной системы, а именно заголовков, подзаголовков/надзаголовков, рубрик и вставок. Сравнение их подтипов свидетельствует о разнице в образах СМИ. «Уральский федеральный» стремится к сочетанию информативных и эмотивных составляющих заголовочной системы, в то время как UNAM подходит к их поиску и организации исключительно формально, ориентируясь на полноту содержания. Следовательно, одни и те же элементы можно модифицировать и по-разному применять в университетских СМИ в соответствии с их позиционированием.The research goal is to assemble the typology of headline complex elements in corporate university media. The study is based on 800 pretext and intertext statements in the “Ural Federal” and “Gaceta UNAM” issues. The results depict that both newspapers contain 4 main headline complex elements such as headlines, subheadings, columns and text insertions. The comparison to their subtypes indicates the difference between the images of media. “Ural Federal” intends to combine the informative and the emotional components of the headline system, whereas “Gaceta UNAM” has a merely formal approach to finding and organizing them and focuses on the completeness of the content. Consequently, the same elements can be modified and applied differently in university media according to their positioning

Финансирование выплат работникам системы здравоохранения в связи с новой коронавирусной инфекцией

Objective: to conduct an analysis of the channels, the volume of COVID payments to medical workers and assess the preliminary effectiveness of funding for coronavirus health worker payments.Material and methods. Statistical comparative analysis of data in the field of health care funding was carried out. The assessment of changes in the level of wages of medical workers was performed using the index method and the grouping method. Relative indicators of the structure were used to evaluate the distribution of transfers by region. The study was conducted on the basis of open Rosstat data on the salaries of medical workers.Results. The regional distribution of transfers was regulated in 2020 by the Federal Government. The main channel for financing COVID payments to medical workers was the allocation of transfers and subsidies. More than half of the funding was accounted for by transfers for incentive payments to health care workers for fulfilling particularly important works. The largest share of allocated transfers fell on the Moscow Region (5.6% of the total volume of transfers), Nizhny Novgorod Region (5.1%), and Saint Petersburg (5.0%), the lowest – on the Republic of Kalmykia, the Republic of Khakassia, the Amur Region (0.2% each), the Nenets Autonomous District (0.1%). Transfers for incentive payments for special working conditions and additional workload were paid in 2020 in a total of 670 thousand persons. Transfers for incentive payments for fulfilling particularly important works were paid in a total of 363 thousand medical workers and 53 thousand ambulance drivers. An assessment of the effectiveness of financing COVID payments in the form of transfers and subsidies showed that it was largely due to them that the medical workers’ mean salary increased.Conclusion. The distribution of aggregated amounts of transfers between the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was carried out until November 2020 on the basis of the number of persons insured under Compulsory Health Insurance program in a corresponding region. In the early months of fighting the pandemic, the use of this aggregate was appropriate.Цель: провести анализ каналов, объемов COVID-выплат медицинским работникам и оценить предварительную результативность финансирования выплат работникам системы здравоохранения в связи с новой коронавирусной инфекцией.Материал и методы. Проведен статистический сравнительный анализ данных в сфере финансирования здравоохранения. Оценка динамики изменения уровня заработной платы медицинских работников выполнена с помощью индексного метода и метода группировок. Для оценки распределения трансфертов по регионам использованы относительные показатели структуры. Исследование проведено на основе открытых данных Росстата по заработной плате медицинских работников.Результаты. Региональное распределение трансфертов регламентировалось в 2020 г. федеральным правительством. Основным каналом финансирования COVID-выплат медицинским работникам являлось выделение трансфертов и дотаций. Более половины объемов финансирования приходилось на долю трансфертов для стимулирующих выплат медицинским работникам за выполнение особо важных работ (ОВР). Наибольший удельный вес выделенных трансфертов приходился на Московскую обл. (5,6% от общего объема трансфертов), Нижегородскую обл. (5,1%) и г. Санкт-Петербург (5,0%), наименьший – на Республики Калмыкию и Хакасию, Амурскую обл. (по 0,2%), Ненецкий автономный округ (0,1%). Трансферты для стимулирующих выплат за особые условия труда и дополнительную нагрузку были выплачены в 2020 г. в совокупности 670 тыс. чел., за выполнение ОВР – 363 тыс. медицинских работников и 53 тыс. водителей машин скорой медицинской помощи. Оценка результативности финансирования COVID-выплат в форме трансфертов и дотаций показала, что в значительной степени именно за их счет произошел рост средней заработной платы медицинских работников.Заключение. Распределение между субъектами Российской Федерации агрегированных сумм трансфертов осуществлялось до ноября 2020 г. на основе количества лиц, застрахованных по программе обязательного медицинского страхования в соответствующем регионе. В первые месяцы борьбы с пандемией использование данного агрегированного показателя было вполне уместно

Field-free orientation of CO molecules by femtosecond two-color laser fields

We report the first experimental observation of non-adiabatic field-free orientation of a heteronuclear diatomic molecule (CO) induced by an intense two-color (800 and 400 nm) femtosecond laser field. We monitor orientation by measuring fragment ion angular distributions after Coulomb explosion with an 800 nm pulse. The orientation of the molecules is controlled by the relative phase of the two-color field. The results are compared to quantum mechanical rigid rotor calculations. The demonstrated method can be applied to study molecular frame dynamics under field-free conditions in conjunction with a variety of spectroscopy methods, such as high-harmonic generation, electron diffraction and molecular frame photoemission

Strategic planning in the sphere of education in regions

The article is devoted to problems of strategic planning in education. Special attention is paid to the formation of regional education development programs. The article considers the main provisions of the strategic program for the development of the education system at the municipal level as a key position for the formation of a unified educational space. The authors’ analysis of such programs has shown that such programs are often devoid of consistency and are not consistent with the development programs of the leading branches of knowledge and the economy of the region. Based on the legal framework, scientific articles, and the experience of the regions the authors propose a model for the formation of regional strategic planning documents in the field of education, based on the principle of a triple helix of interaction between the state, educational organizations and business. The educational space planned according to this model will differ not only in a new organizational format designed to coordinate the path of education and training, but will also serve as a consolidation of resources from all three sources