Han Fei's Enlightened Ruler

In this essay I revise, based on the notion of the ‘enlightened ruler’ or mingzhu and his critique of the literati of his time, the common belief that Han Fei was an amoralist and an advocate of tyranny. Instead, I will argue that his writings are dedicated to advising those who ought to rule in order to achieve the goal of a peaceful and stable society framed by laws in accordance with the dao

Here and Elsewhere: Phenomenological Reflections on the Time and Space of Mass Street Protests

This paper pursues a phenomenological clarification of the spatial and temporal constitution of the mass street protest experience. To bring into view its unique structure and meaning, I consider how a mass street protest is comparable to but importantly unlike other forms of resistant collective action that take place in public spaces: in particular, scenes of violent revolt (I draw on Sartre’s analysis of the storming of the Bastille in the Critique of Dialectical Reason) and Arendtian “spaces of appearance” that emerge in the context of revolutionary activity. I then argue that a crucial feature of the mass protest experience is that the protest always also takes place elsewhere and that it is an experience of what I call “the middle.” I conclude with reflections on what it might mean for a democratic politics to speak to and out of this feature of the experience. Drawing on Arendt, I propose an art of storytelling and historical comprehension. This paper pursues a phenomenological clarification of the spatial and temporal constitution of the mass protest experience. I argue that important features of its unique structure can guide an exploration of its significance and potential. I begin by bringing some of these into relief by considering how a mass street protest is unlike other forms of resistant collective action that take place in public spaces: in particular, scenes of violent revolt (I draw on Sartre’s analysis of the storming of the Bastille in The Critique of Dialectical Reason) and Arendtian “spaces of appearance” that emerge in the context of revolutionary activity. I then argue that a crucial feature of the mass protest is that it always also takes place elsewhere. This can be understood both spatially (it happens in other neighborhoods, in other cities, perhaps in other countries; it may be broadcasted to spectators all over) and temporally (mass protests inevitably recall and seem to participate in past protests and portend future ones). This is not simply a matter of resemblance, but part of their internal sense. They should therefore not be understood as beginnings but as experiences of what I call “the middle.” One is always in the middle of a crowd and in the middle of an arc of political time. I conclude with reflections on what it might mean for a democratic politics to speak to and out of this feature of the mass protest experience. Drawing on Arendt, I propose an art of storytelling and historical comprehension. What requires illumination and expression, I contend, are modes of co-belonging and solidarity with distant others, in time and space, and the massiveness of the problems that define our contemporary situation

Faculty recital: Tong-Il Han, September 21, 1989

This is the concert program of Faculty Recital: Tong-Il Han performance on Thursday, September 21, 1989 at 8:00 p.m., at the Tsai Performance Center, 685 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts. Works performed were Sonata in B-flat Major, K. 281 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Sonata No 6 by Serge Prokofiev, and Sonata in F minor, Op. 5 by Johannes Brahms. Digitization for Boston University Concert Programs was supported by the Boston University Humanities Library Endowed Fund

The [Not So] Hidden Curriculum of the Legalist State in the Book of Lord Shang and the Han-Fei-Zi

This paper loosely draws some parallels between the experience of a subject in a so-called “Legalist” state with that of a contemporary student in Western schooling today. I explore how governance in the Book of Lord Shang and the Hanfeizi can be interpreted as pedagogy. Defining pedagogy in a relatively broad sense, I investigate the rationalizations for the existence of the state, the application of state mechanisms, and even the concentration of the ruler’s power all teach subjects habits, attitudes, and sensibilities in a similar fashion to what Philip Jackson called the “hidden curriculum”. Through his framework of “crowds, praise, and power” this paper will explore how governance teaches and what those subjected to it learn. This study also attempts to provide some insight into the usefulness of approaching “Legalist” texts with a positive sociological lens

Pemanfaatan Susu Kambing Untuk Pembuatan Tahu Susu Dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Limbah Nenas (Enzim Bromelin) Dan Penambahan Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Enzim Papain)

ABSTRAK Tahu susu adalah semacam keju yang dapat dibuat dari susu sapi, susu kambing atau susu hewan lainnya. Produk ini mempunyai nutrisi yang baik karena susu sebagai bahan pangan merupakan sumber protein hewani dengan susunan asam-asam amino yang lebih lengkap dibanding dengan protein dari tumbuh-tumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan konsumsi susu kambing dalam bentuk tahu susu untuk mencukupi kekurangan gizi masyarakat serta memanfaatkan limbah nenas dan daun pepaya dalam pembuatan tahu susu. Pembuatan tahu susu dengan penambahan ekstrak nenas dilakukan pada suhu 60°C dengan konsentrasi 12 ml, 14 ml, 16 ml dan 18 ml tiap 100 ml susu kambing, sedangkan pembuatan tahu susu dengan penambahan ekstrak pepaya dilakukan pada suhu 60° C dengan konsentrasi 11 ml, 13 ml, 15 ml tiap 100 ml susu kambing. Setelah diperoleh gumpalan tahu, dilakukan penyaringan dan pengepresan sehingga terbentuk tahu susu. Pembuatan tahu susu dengan penambahan 14 ml ekstrak limbah nenas (enzim bromelin) dan 15 ml ekstrak daun pepaya (enzim papain) memberikan hasil optimum berdasarkan tekstur dan rendemennya, selanjutnya digunakan untuk melakukan uji inderawi. Uji ini dilakukan terhadap warna, bau, kehalusan kelembutan saat dimakan, rasa dan kesukaan secara menyeluruh dengan metoda scoring test. Hasil uji inderawi terhadap warna, bau, kehalusan saat dimakan , rasa dan kesukaan secara menyeluruh menunjukkan bahwa tahu susu bromelin dan tahu susu papain tidak memberikan beda nyata dengan tahu susu kedelai dan tahu susu lain yang terdapat di pasaran. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tahu susu bromelin dan tahu susu papain dapat diterima dan disukai oleh konsumen

Guanyen més diners els indígenes que han anat a l'escola o els que han viatjat més que la resta?

Un estudi realitzat amb tres grups ètnics de l'Amazònia brasilera sobre la influència de l'escolarització i dels viatges a zones urbanes en l'obtenció d'ingressos per part dels indígenes mostra que tots dos factors tenen un impacte positiu. Els resultats demostren que els processos de socialització entre indígenes i societat dominant poden proporcionar als membres de societats més autàrquiques un altre mitjà d'aprenentatge de conductes i habilitats importants per tenir èxit en el mercat de treball i en el comerç.Un estudio realizado con tres grupos étnicos de la Amazonia brasileña sobre la influencia de la escolarización y de los viajes a zonas urbanas en la obtención de ingresos por parte de los indígenas muestra que ambos factores tienen un impacto positivo. Los resultados demuestran que los procesos de socialización entre indígenas y sociedad dominante pueden proporcionar a los miembros de sociedades más autárquicas otro medio de aprendizaje de conductas y habilidades importantes para tener éxito en el mercado de trabajo y en el comercio