Heat Treatment Process Energy Efficient Design and Optimisation

AbstractEnergy efficiency optimization ICT (Information and Communication Technology) solutions are currently being developed for energy saving in buildings and, to some ex-tent, also for the manufacturing domain. This paper describes an approach and ICT tool developed for manufacturing process energy efficiency optimization, in particular focused on the heat treatment process of steel casting parts. Traditionally this manufacturing process is designed based on experts experience selecting a predefined temperature-time curve provided customer specifications for the resulting steel parts. However this curve can actually be optimised in terms of energy consumption while keeping required mechanical properties. This improved design is what the tool here described provides, using knowledge based approach for process design and multivariate optimisation and simulation techniques for process optimisation

Results of an Early Access Treatment Protocol of Daratumumab Monotherapy in Spanish Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Daratumumab is a human CD38-targeted monoclonal antibody approved as monotherapy for heavily pretreated relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. We report findings for the Spanish cohort of an open-label treatment protocol that provided early access to daratumumab monotherapy and collected safety and patient-reported outcomes data for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. At 15 centers across Spain, intravenous daratumumab (16 mg/kg) was administered to 73 patients who had >= 3 prior lines of therapy, including a proteasome inhibitor and an immunomodulatory drug, or who were double refractory to both. The median duration of daratumumab treatment was 3.3 (range: 0.03-13.17) months, with a median number of 12 (range: 1-25) infusions. Grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 74% of patients and included lymphopenia (28.8%), thrombocytopenia (27.4%), neutropenia (21.9%), leukopenia (19.2%), and anemia (15.1%). Common (>5%) serious treatmentemergent adverse events included respiratory tract infection (9.6%), general physical health deterioration (6.8%), and back pain (5.5%). Infusion-related reactions occurred in 45% of patients. The median change from baseline in all domains of the EQ-5D-5L and EORTC QLQ-C30 was mostly 0. A total of 18 (24.7%) patients achieved a partial response or better, with 10 (13.7%) patients achieving a very good partial response or better. Median progression-free survival was 3.98 months. The results of this early access treatment protocol are consistent with previously reported trials of daratumumab monotherapy and confirm its safety and antitumoral efficacy in Spanish patients with heavily treated relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma

Results of an early access treatment protocol of daratumumab monotherapy in spanish patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma

Daratumumab is a human CD38-targeted monoclonal antibody approved as monotherapy for heavily pretreated relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. We report findings for the Spanish cohort of an open-label treatment protocol that provided early access to daratumumab monotherapy and collected safety and patient-reported outcomes data for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. At 15 centers across Spain, intravenous daratumumab (16mg/kg) was administered to 73 patients who had ≥3 prior lines of therapy, including a proteasome inhibitor and an immunomodulatory drug, or who were double refractory to both. The median duration of daratumumab treatment was 3.3 (range: 0.03–13.17) months, with a median number of 12 (range: 1–25) infusions. Grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 74% of patients and included lymphopenia (28.8%), thrombocytopenia (27.4%), neutropenia (21.9%), leukopenia (19.2%), and anemia (15.1%). Common (>5%) serious treatmentemergent adverse events included respiratory tract infection (9.6%), general physical health deterioration (6.8%), and back pain (5.5%). Infusion-related reactions occurred in 45% of patients. The median change from baseline in all domains of the EQ-5D-5L and EORTC QLQ-C30 was mostly 0. A total of 18 (24.7%) patients achieved a partial response or better, with 10 (13.7%) patients achieving a very good partial response or better. Median progression-free survival was 3.98 months. The results of this early access treatment protocol are consistent with previously reported trials of daratumumab monotherapy and confirm its safety and antitumoral efficacy in Spanish patients with heavily treated relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma

Consenso salud materna para Chile en el nuevo milenio

Contexto: Chile presenta una tendencia secular hacia una sostenida mejoría en los principales indicadores materno-infantiles. Su situación constituye una experiencia positiva a nivel de la región de Latino-América y el Caribe. Sin embargo, esta tendencia se ha estancado en los últimos diez años lo que produce una situación inestable y preocupante desde el punto de vista de la salud pública materna. Esto motiva una reunión de expertos a nivel nacional e internacional para proponer estrategias para el alto nivel político orientadas a alcanzar los Objetivos 4 y 5 del Milenio. Conclusión: Este documento de consenso sobre mortalidad materna, sugiere un enfrentamiento en dos ejes: primero, enfrentar la nueva realidad epidemiológica desde la etapa pre-concepcional, esto incluye considerar la alta prevalencia de obesidad, hipertensión arterial, diabetes, hiperlipidemias e hipotiroidismo en la población, y por otro lado reforzar la seguridad de la asistencia del embarazo, parto y puerperio en los lugares más alejados y más vulnerables del país. Es necesario focalizar las intervenciones en los grupos de mayor riesgo vital (edades extremas de la vida fértil y portadoras de enfermedades médico-quirúrgicas severas, que se reflejan en el aumento proporcional de las causas indirectas de muerte materna), reforzar las actividades de auditorías de mortalidad/near miss, así como controlar el aumento alarmante de la tasa de partos por cesáreas

First annual register of allergenic pollen in Talca, Chile

Artículo de publicación SCOPUSBackground: There are no data on atmospheric pollen in Talca. In the present work, our aim isto describe the amount of pollen grain in the atmosphere of the city of Talca likely to causepollinosis of its inhabitants.Methods: A volumetric Hirst sampler (Burkard seven-day recording device) was used to studypollen levels. It was placed in the centre of Talca from May 2007 to April 2008.Results: The highest airborne presence of pollen, as measured in weekly averages, was Platanusacerifolia with a maximum weekly daily average of 203 grains/m3registered during Septemberand October. The second highest was Acer pseudoplatanus with a maximum weekly daily aver-age of 116 grains/m3. Populus spp. had a maximum weekly daily average 103 grains/m3. Oleaeuropaea reached 19 grains/m3in November. Grasses presented high levels of pollen countswith a maximum weekly daily average of 27 grains/m3from the end of August until the endof January. Pollens of Plantago spp. Rumex acetosella and Chenopodium spp. had a similardistribution and were present from October to April with maximum weekly daily average of7 grains/m3, 7 grains/m3and 3 grains/m3respectively. Significant concentrations of Ambrosiaartemisiifolia were detected from February until April.Conclusion: The population of Talca was exposed to high concentrations of allergenic pollen,such as P. acerifolia, A. pseudoplatanus, and grasses in the months of August through November.The detection of O. europaea and A. artemisiifolia is important as these are emergent pollens inthe city of Talca. Aerobiological monitoring will provide the community with reliable informationabout the level of allergenic pollens, improving treatment and quality of life of patients withrespiratory allergy.Fundación deAerobiología, Medio Ambiente y Salud, Laboratorio MerckSharp Dome and Dirección de Investigación, Universidad deTalca, Chile

P and Fe doping, a strategy to develop light and magnetic responsive multifunctional materials : the case of LiMn2O4

The current work reports an unprecedented multifunctional material with optical activity and a modified magnetic response by a unique combination of doping with P and Fe into the spinel LiMn2O4. Through inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy, the chemical composition, oxidation state and the crystalline structure are determined. Solid-state UV-Vis spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility and electronic conductivity reveal the critical importance of the interaction between iron and phosphorus when simultaneously doping the crystalline structure of LiMn2O4. The presence of Fe and P considerably increases charge carrier concentration as a mechanism for enhancing electronic conductivity. Fe and P doping also creates Fe-Fe spin interactions that allow double electron optical excitations. This opens a pathway to create multifunctional materials for light-assisted charging lithium-ion batteries. P doping also induces the formation of magnetic clusters arising from the Fe-O-Fe, Fe-O-Mn and Mn-O-Mn spin exchange interactions. The magnetic response of the materials is strongly influenced by the relative amount of Fe in octahedral or tetrahedral sites of the spinel structure. Such ferrimagnetic behaviour has not been reported before LiMn2O4 doped with Fe or P separately. The potential applicability of this newly identified magnetic feature was demonstrated by a significant capacity gain when a lithium-ion cell is exposed to a static external magnetic field