389 research outputs found
Bloc de la ligne blanche au secours de la chirurgie herniaire
Une hernie de la ligne blanche est une hernie situĂ©e sur la ligne mĂ©diane entre les muscles grands droits de l'abdomen. Le diagnostic repose gĂ©nĂ©ralement sur un examen clinique. Plus rarement, il nĂ©cessite une Ă©chographie, voire un scanner.L'intervention pour soigner une hernie de la ligne blanche est le plus souvent rĂ©alisĂ©e en ambulatoire et sous anesthĂ©sie gĂ©nĂ©rale. Elle est rĂ©alisĂ©e par laparotomie, laparoscopie ou assistance robotique. Le choix de la technique dĂ©pend de l'Ă©paisseur du tissu, de la taille de la hernie et de la prĂ©sence d'interventions abdominales antĂ©rieures. L'intervention consiste Ă remettre l'intestin dans sa position initiale et Ă refermer le trou par lequel il est passĂ©. Si le trou de la hernie est supĂ©rieur Ă 1 cm, un treillis est placĂ© pour renforcer l'espace fermĂ© par la chirurgie et prĂ©venir les rĂ©cidives.La diversitĂ© des pathologies et des antĂ©cĂ©dents des patients a nĂ©cessitĂ© une diversitĂ© de techniques anesthĂ©siques plus adaptĂ©es d'oĂč l'anesthĂ©sie locorĂ©gionale et lesblocs de la paroi abdominal
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Tropical water vapour in the lower stratosphere and its relationship to tropical/extratropical dynamical processes in ERA5
Stratospheric water vapour (SWV), in spite of its low concentration in the stratosphere as compared to the troposphere, contributes significantly to the surface energy budget and can have an influence on the surface climate. This study investigates the dynamical processes that determine SWV on interannual to decadal timeâscales. First, we evaluate two SWV reanalysis products and show that SWV is better represented in a newâgeneration reanalysis product, ERA5, than in its predecessor, ERAâInterim. In particular, it is shown that SWV in ERA5 is highly consistent with observational data obtained from the SPARC Data Initiative MultiâInstrument Mean (SDI MIM). Second, we investigate the variability of tropical SWV and its relationship to dynamical stratospheric variables. The analyses show that the interannual variability in the tropical lowerâstratospheric water vapour is closely linked to the tropical QuasiâBiennial Oscillation (QBO). When westerlies occupy the middle stratosphere and easterlies the lower stratosphere, a decrease is observed in lowerâstratospheric water vapour due to a colder tropical tropopause and a QBOâinduced enhanced residual circulation. On decadal timeâscales, the composite analysis of the boreal winter in two typical periods shows that less SWV is related to a warm anomaly in the North Atlantic seaâsurface temperature, which leads to stronger upward propagation of planetary wave activity at high latitudes, a weaker polar vortex and an enhanced residual circulation. The opposite occurs during periods with higher concentrations of SWV
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α5ÎČ1-Integrin promotes tension-dependent mammary epithelial cell invasion by engaging the fibronectin synergy site.
Tumors are fibrotic and characterized by abundant, remodeled, and cross-linked collagen that stiffens the extracellular matrix stroma. The stiffened collagenous stroma fosters malignant transformation of the tissue by increasing tumor cell tension to promote focal adhesion formation and potentiate growth factor receptor signaling through kinase. Importantly, collagen cross-linking requires fibronectin (FN). Fibrotic tumors contain abundant FN, and tumor cells frequently up-regulate the FN receptor α5ÎČ1 integrin. Using transgenic and xenograft models and tunable two- and three-dimensional substrates, we show that FN-bound α5ÎČ1 integrin promotes tension-dependent malignant transformation through engagement of the synergy site that enhances integrin adhesion force. We determined that ligation of the synergy site of FN permits tumor cells to engage a zyxin-stabilized, vinculin-linked scaffold that facilitates nucleation of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate at the plasma membrane to enhance phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent tumor cell invasion. The data explain why rigid collagen fibrils potentiate PI3K activation to promote malignancy and offer a perspective regarding the consistent up-regulation of α5ÎČ1 integrin and FN in many tumors and their correlation with cancer aggression
Les goitres plongeants : particularites cliniques, radiologiques et therapeutiques
Introduction: Les goitres plongeants, devenus rares de nos jours, posent des problĂšmes diagnostiques et chirurgicaux particuliers. Leur prise en charge est facilitĂ©e par lâapport de la tomodensitometrie permettant de planifier lâattitude thĂ©rapeutique.Le but de ce travail est de prĂ©ciser les modalitĂ©s dâexploration et de prise en charge chirurgicale des goitres plongeants.MatĂ©riels et mĂ©thodes : Nous rapportons une Ă©tude rĂ©trospective portant sur42 cas de goitre plongeant colligĂ©s sur une pĂ©riode de 11 ans entre 2001 et 2011.RĂ©sultats : LâĂąge moyen de nos patients Ă©tait de 56,9 ans (36-86 ans). Le sex-ratio Ă©tait de 0,13. La tumĂ©faction basi-cervicale Ă©tait le motif de consultation le plus frĂ©quent, rapportĂ©e dans 74 % des cas associĂ©e Ă des signes de compression oesotrachĂ©ale dans 45% des cas.Une paralysie rĂ©currentielle unilatĂ©rale a Ă©tĂ© objectivĂ©e dans 3 cas.Une radiographie de thorax a montrĂ© un Ă©largissement mĂ©diastinal dans 23% des cas avec dĂ©viation trachĂ©ale chez63 % des malades. Une TDM cervico-thoracique pratiquĂ©e dans 85% des cas a confirmĂ© le diagnostic. Le traitement chirurgical Ă©tait menĂ© par voie cervicale exclusive chez tous les patients. Une paralysie rĂ©curentielle a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e dans 3 cas. Aucune hypoparathyroĂŻdie dĂ©finitive nâa Ă©tĂ© rapportĂ©e avec un reculmoyen de 24mois.Conclusion : Les goitres plongeants devenus rares du fait de la prise en charge plus prĂ©coce des nodules thyroĂŻdiens. Ils posent actuellement moins de difficultĂ©s thĂ©rapeutiques. Lâindication chirurgicale est toujours formelle devant le risque vital quâils posent.Mots clĂ©s : goitre cervicothoracique, thyroĂŻdectomie, paralysie rĂ©currentielle, hypoparathyroĂŻdie.Introduction: Substernal goiters, becoming rare, present diagnositic and therapeutic problems.Their management is facilitated by the contribution of computed tomography for planning the therapeutic approach. The aim of this study is to specify the procedures for exploration and surgical management of substernal goiters.Materials and Methods: We report a retrospective study of 42 cases of substernalgoiters collaged over a period of 11 years between 2001 and 2011.Results: The mean age was 56,9 years (36- 86 years). The sex ratio was 0,13. Cervical swelling was the most common reason for consultation, reported in 74% of cases associated with signs of oesotrachealcompression in 45% of cases. Unilateral laryngeal palsy has been objectified in 3 cases. Chest-x-Ray showed widening of mediastinal shadowwith tracheal deviation in 63% of patients. A cervico-thoracic CT performed in 85% of cases confirmed the diagnosis of substernal goiters. The cervical approach has been used in all cases. Laryngeal nerve palsy was observed in 3 cases. No definitive hypoparathyroidism have been reported with a mean of 24 months.Conclusion: Substernal goiters become rare due to the earlier diagnosis of thyroid nodules. They currently present fewer therapeutic difficulties, and must be managed surgically because of vital risk.Key words: substernal goiter, thyroidectomy, laryngeal nerve palsy, hypoparathoidism
Evaluation of the Radiation-Protective Properties of Bi (Pb)âSrâCaâCuâO Ceramic Prepared at Different Temperatures with Silver Inclusion
The influences of the sintering process and AgNO3 addition on the phase formation and radiation shielding characteristics of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 were studied. Three ceramics (code: C0, C1, and C2) were prepared as follows: C0 was obtained after calcination and only one sintering step, C1 was obtained after calcination and two sintering cycles, and C2 was prepared after the addition of AgNO3 at the beginning of the final sintering stage. C2 displayed the maximum volume fraction of the Bi-2223 phase (76.4 vol%), the greatest crystallite size, and high density. The linear mass attenuation coefficient (”) has been simulated using the Monte Carlo simulation. The ” values are high at 15 keV (257.2 cmâ1 for C0, 417.57 cmâ1 for C1, and 421.16 cmâ1 for C2), and these values dropped and became 72.58, 117.83 and 133.19 cmâ1 at 30 keV. The ” value for the ceramics after sintering is much higher than the ceramic before sintering. In addition, the ” value for C2 is higher than that of C1, suggesting that the AgNO3 improves the radiation attenuation performance for the fabricated ceramics. It was demonstrated that the sintering and AgNO3 addition have a considerable influence on the ceramic thickness required to attenuate the radiation. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2022R2), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Relative spins and excitation energies of superdeformed bands in 190Hg: Further evidence for octupole vibration
An experiment using the Eurogam Phase II gamma-ray spectrometer confirms the
existence of an excited superdeformed (SD) band in 190Hg and its very unusual
decay into the lowest SD band over 3-4 transitions. The energies and dipole
character of the transitions linking the two SD bands have been firmly
established. Comparisons with RPA calculations indicate that the excited SD
band can be interpreted as an octupole-vibrational structure.Comment: 12 pages, latex, 4 figures available via WWW at
http://www.phy.anl.gov/bgo/bc/hg190_nucl_ex.htm
Multi-decadal modulations in the Aleutian-Icelandic Low seesaw and the axial symmetry of the Arctic Oscillation signature, as revealed in the 20th century reanalysis
Seesaw relationship in intensity between the surface Aleutian and Icelandic Lows (AIS) is a manifestation of atmospheric teleconnection that bridges the interannual variability over the Pacific and Atlantic in particular winter months. Analysis of the 20th Century Reanalysis data reveals that the strength and timing of AIS have undergone multi-decadal modulations in conjunction with those in structure of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) signature, extracted in the leading mode of interannual sea-level pressure (SLP) variability over the extratropical Northern Hemisphere. Specifically, events of what may be called âpure AOâ, in which SLP anomalies exhibit a high degree of axial symmetry in association with in-phase SLP variability between the midlatitude Atlantic and Pacific, tended to occur during multi-decadal periods in which the inter-basin teleconnection through AIS was active under the enhanced interannual variability of the Aleutian Low. In contrast, the axial symmetry of the AO pattern was apparently reduced during a multi-decadal period in which the AIS teleconnection was inactive under the weakened interannual variability of the Aleutian Low. In this period, the leading mode of interannual SLP variability represented a meridional seesaw between the Atlantic and Arctic, which resembles SLP anomaly pattern associated with the cold-ocean/warm-land (COWL) temperature pattern. These multi-decadal modulations in interannual AIS signal and the axial symmetry of the interannual AO pattern occurred under multi-decadal changes in the background state that also represented the polarity changes of the COWL-like anomaly pattern
Effects of Natural and Anthropogenic Stressors on Fucalean Brown Seaweeds Across Different Spatial Scales in the Mediterranean Sea
Algal habitat-forming forests composed of fucalean brown seaweeds (Cystoseira, Ericaria, and Gongolaria) have severely declined along the Mediterranean coasts, endangering the maintenance of essential ecosystem services. Numerous factors determine the loss of these assemblages and operate at different spatial scales, which must be identified to plan conservation and restoration actions. To explore the critical stressors (natural and anthropogenic) that may cause habitat degradation, we investigated (a) the patterns of variability of fucalean forests in percentage cover (abundance) at three spatial scales (location, forest, transect) by visual estimates and or photographic sampling to identify relevant spatial scales of variation, (b) the correlation between semi-quantitative anthropogenic stressors, individually or cumulatively (MA-LUSI index), including natural stressors (confinement, sea urchin grazing), and percentage cover of functional groups (perennial, semi-perennial) at forest spatial scale. The results showed that impacts from mariculture and urbanization seem to be the main stressors affecting habitat-forming species. In particular, while mariculture, urbanization, and cumulative anthropogenic stress negatively correlated with the percentage cover of perennial fucalean species, the same stressors were positively correlated with the percentage cover of the semi-perennial Cystoseira compressa and C. compressa subsp. pustulata. Our results indicate that human impacts can determine spatial patterns in these fragmented and heterogeneous marine habitats, thus stressing the need of carefully considering scale-dependent ecological processes to support conservation and restoration
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