863 research outputs found
Transient Cherenkov radiation from an inhomogeneous string excited by an ultrashort laser pulse at superluminal velocity
An optical response of one-dimensional string made of dipoles with a
periodically varying density excited by a spot of light moving along the string
at the superluminal (sub-luminal) velocity is theoretically studied. The
Cherenkov radiation in such system is rather unusual, possessing both transient
and resonant character. We show that under certain conditions, in addition to
the resonant Cherenkov peak another Doppler-like frequency appears in the
radiation spectrum. Both linear (small-signal) and nonlinear regimes as well as
different string topologies are considered.Comment: accepted to Phys. Rev.
Generation of unipolar half-cycle pulse via unusual reflection of a single-cycle pulse from an optically thin metallic or dielectric layer
We present a significantly different reflection process from an optically
thin flat metallic or dielectric layer and propose a strikingly simple method
to form approximately unipolar half-cycle optical pulses via reflection of a
single-cycle optical pulse. Unipolar pulses in reflection arise due to
specifics of effectively one-dimensional pulse propagation. Namely, we show
that in considered system the field emitted by a flat medium layer is
proportional to the velocity of oscillating medium charges instead of their
acceleration as it is usually the case. When the single-cycle pulse interacts
with linear optical medium, the oscillation velocity of medium charges can be
then forced to keep constant sign throughout the pulse duration. Our results
essentially differ from the direct mirror reflection and suggest a possibility
of unusual transformations of the few-cycle light pulses in linear optical
systems
Super Tonks-Girardeau state in an attractive one-dimensional dipolar gas
The ground state of a one-dimensional (1D) quantum gas of dipoles oriented
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, with a strong 1/x^3 repulsive
potential, is studied at low 1D densities . Near contact the dependence of
the many-body wave function on the separation x_{jl} of two particles reduces
to a two-body wave function \Psi_{rel}(x_{jl}). Immediately after a sudden
rotation of the dipoles so that they are parallel to the longitudinal axis,
this wave function will still be that of the repulsive potential, but since the
potential is now that of the attractive potential, it will not be stationary.
It is shown that as nd^2 -> 0 the rate of change of this wave function
approaches zero. It follows that for small values of nd^2, this state is
metastable and is an analog of the super Tonks-Girardeau state of bosons with a
strong zero-range attraction. The dipolar system is equivalent to a spinor
Fermi gas with spin components \sigma_{\uparrow}=\perp (perpendicular to
the longitudinal axis) and \sigma_{\downarrow}=|| (parallel to the longitudinal
axis). A Fermi-Fermi mapping from spinor to spinless Fermi gas followed by the
standard 1960 Fermi-Bose mapping reduces the Fermi system to a Bose gas.
Potential experiments realizing the sudden spin rotation with ultracold dipolar
gases are discussed, and a few salient properties of these states are
accurately evaluated by a Monte Carlo method.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, revtex4. Published versio
Modules over the small quantum group and semi-infinite flag manifold
We develop a theory of perverse sheaves on the semi-infinite flag manifold
, and show that the subcategory of Iwahori-monodromy
perverse sheaves is equivalent to the regular block of the category of
representations of the small quantum group at an even root of unity
Fifty years of the Glauber diffraction theory
In this minireview a historical excursus in theoretical studies related to
the Glauber diffraction theory has been presented with an accent on the recent
developments in this subject.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures, in russian;v2: an atempt to improve hyphenatio
Population density gratings creation and control in resonant medium by half-cycle terahertz pulses
Electromagnetically induced gratings (EIG) are created by standing-wave laser field in resonant media. Such gratings can be also created by few-cycle electromagnetic pulses counter-propagating in the medium via coherent Rabi oscillations of atomic inversion. In this case, instantaneous cross-section of the pulses in the medium is not necessary for grating formation. In this paper, we revise our recent results in study of such grating formation and their control by few-cycle pulses coherently propagating in a resonant medium. We demonstrate the grating formation and their control in three-level medium excited by three subcycle THz pulses
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