Primary Colors Red, Yellow, and Blue Use as Self-Cleaning Paints with Layer of Titanium Dioxide

حُضر طلاء نانوي  شفاف بطريقة السول جل من ثنائي اوكسيد التيتانيوم (TiO2)  له القابيلية على التنظيف الذاتي يستعمل كطلاء للمستشفيات والمختبرات والاماكن التي تتطلب التعقيم.  اختيرت  الالوان الاساسية الثلاثة (الاحمر, الازرق, الاصفر) كدراسة اولية لتأثير اللون على هذا الطلاء النانوي. استعملت ثلاث الوان من الاصباغ الدهنية كاساس ثم تم طلائها بطبقة من ثنائي اوكسيد التيتانيوم (TiO2) السول –جل و رسبت على الاصباغ. الخصائص البصرية لثنائي اوكسيد التيتانيوم-السول TiO2-Sol قيست, فكانت قمة الامتصاص تقع عند الطول الموجي (λmax=387 nm) ومعامل الانكسار (n=1.4423) وفجوة الطاقة (Eg=3.2 eV) . الخصائص التركيبية وجدت باستعمال جهاز حيود الاشعة السينية (XRD) واظهرت ان TiO2-Sol هو متعدد التبلور بجسيمات نانوية في طور الاناتايز وايضا الخصائص الشكلية قيست بواسطة المجهر الاكتروني الماسح SEM وبينت ان معدل الحجم الحبيبي الى TiO2-Sol هو (50.427 nm). خصائص التنظيف الذاتي قيست بجهاز الشد السطحي (tensiometer). افضل لون اعطى اعلى استجابة للتنظيف الذاتي هو الالون الاصفر حيث كانت زاوية الاتصال له قبل التعريض للاشعة القوق البنفسجية عند زمن يساوي  صفر ( = 101.47º ,at t = 0 min) وبعد التعريض بمرور الزمن يساوي ( = 1.75º ,at t = 50 min) , وهكذا الماء يزاح من سطح و يزيل كل الاوساخ.  Transparent nano- coating was prepared by Sol-Gel method from titanium dioxide TiO2 which has the ability to self-cleaning coating used for hospitals, laboratories, and places requiring permanent sterilization. Three primary colors are selected (red, blue, and yellow) as preliminary study to the effect of these colors on the nano-coating. Three traditional oil paints color were used as base, then coated by a layer of TiO2-Sol and deposited on the paints. The optical properties of TiO2-Sol were measured; the maximum absorption wavelength at (λmax=387 nm), the refractive index (n=1.4423) and the energy band gap (Eg=3.2 eV). The structure properties found by X-ray diffraction of TiO2-Sol illustrated that TiO2-Sol is polycrystalline nanoparticle have anatase phase also the morphological properties measured by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) obetained the average grain size of TiO2-Sol was (50.427 nm). Self-cleaning properties measured by tensiometer dives. The best color gave the highest response to self-cleaning is the yellow color where the contact angle before exposure to UV ( = 101.47º ,at t = 0 min) and after exposure over time ( = 1.75º ,at t = 50 min), thus the water sheet of the surface and remove all contaminants

Genetic Algorithm for Event Scheduling System

UTeM’s Event Alert System (UTeM-EAS) is an improved version of previous Event Alert System in Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) official site that aims to apply Artificial Intelligence (AI) in order to provide its users with events priority. This newer system intend be more user friendly by providing organized management. The improved version is also designed to have the capability of sending Short Message Service (SMS) among UTeM’s staff to notify them of future events. Some researches about another existing Event Alert Sytem are carried to provide more understanding to the system to be developed. UTeM-EAS then is created by exploiting one of AI approach namely Genetic Algorithm (GA) with Crossover Technique. There are four main interfaces that ask for login information, add, edit and view events details. As for the development environment, UTeM-EAS is developed and to run in windows XP with support of Adobe Dreamweaver and MS SQL Server. Ozeki Messager 6 are installed and configured for this system to operate with its SMS function. The functionality, usability and security testing are conducted between UTeM’s staffs and administrators itself to measure the performance and user acceptance of the proposed system. Aside from achieving its development objectives, UTeM-EAS also gain great satisfactions from most of its tested users. The system could be more efficient if password encryption is applied and the system is able to reply the message sent by UTeM’s staff asking for further events details

Conceptual Paper: Sentience of Big Data towards User Privacy Concerns and Online Self-Disclosure Activities

Big data allows widespread use and exchange of user data, and this will lead to the possibility of privacy breaches. Governments and corporations will incorporate personal data from different sources and learn a great deal about people and in turn, raise concerns about privacy. This paper will provide a conceptual understanding on the antecedents towards user privacy concerns and online self-disclosure activities, which are the knowledge and perceived risks of big data. In this paper, big data knowledge is hypothesized to decrease privacy concerns, meanwhile perceived risks is suggested to increase the outcome. Based on the framework, propositions are formulated as a basis for the study that will follow

Balancing the spiritual and physical worlds: Memory, responsibility and survival in the rituals of the Sama Dilaut (Bajau laut) in Sitangkai, Tawi-Tawi, Southern Philippines and Semporna, Sabah, Malaysia

This paper looks at ritual processes as means of fulfilling responsibilities between the dwellers of the physical world and the spirit world among the Bajau Laut. Ritual is, among many other ways, seen as a transactional event that binds individuals of a given community and habitues of the spirit world in a web of memory, notions of responsibility and expression of the primary value of survival and well-being or continued existence via ideas or conceptualizations of "balance." The introductory section talks about the special class among the Sama dilaut as constituted by the igal djin and their position in the Sama cosmos. The first part reviews some key concepts relating ritual to community particularly that of Victor Turner's "social drama" and Maurice Bloch "rebounding violence." It also discusses how rituals, ritual phases and elements may be read as "texts," referring to symbols with meanings. The second part introduces the idea of symbolic elements and symbolic practices, particularly those found rituals as well as in music and dance, that are observable among Sama Dilaut communities in the Southern Philippines and Insular Malaysia, relating this to memory-making, socialization to the idea of responsibility, and operationalization of "survival." The third part proceeds with a brief description of three rituals, the Magpaii-bahau, Magpa-igal and the Pag- Kanduli, and then respectively followed by a discussion of practice or elements that bring in the idea of "balance." Finally, the fourth part, as a way of tying together the discussion presents implications to future research on ritual, music and dance

Silver influence of physical and thermo luminescence properties on lithium-Strontium-borate LSBO: Ag exposed to cobalt-60 gamma ray

This work investigates the properties of glow curve of lithium Strontium borate doped sliver glass (LSBO: Ag), subjected to Co-60 gamma irradiation. The glass samples were prepared in different compositions based on 15%Li2CO3+2%SrCO3 (83-x) H3BO3 +xAgNO3, where x = 0.001, 0.003, 0.005, 0.007, 0.009 and 0.01 mol% by traditional melting quenching method at temperature 1300 °C for 1 hour. The structural pattern of glass samples has been identified by X-ray diffraction. The XRD pattern shows that the samples are glasses since there is broader peak appearing in the spectral pattern. FESEM images verify the homogeneous and transmitting surface morphology of all samples. Stable glasses with Hurby parameter ~ 0.5 are achieved. EDX spectra determine the accurate elemental compositions in the samples. Physical properties are determined in terms of glass density, molar volume, polar on radius, inter-nuclear distance, and ion concentration. Glass density is found to increase from 2.45 to 2.46 g cm-1 after addition of AgNO3 concentration. The TL intensity at different compositions of lithium borate doped sliver glass after exposed to 50 Gy Co-60 gamma-rays is presented. The results clearly show that the highest TL intensity is found in glass composition of 0.09 mol% of AgNO3

Assessing organizations readiness toward business intelligence systems: a proposed hypothesized model

Nowadays, the concept of Business Intelligence (BI) is being implemented within many organizations around the globe. Organizations invest billions of US dollars aiming to improve their timeliness and quality of the input to the decision process, where BI is the targeted keyword. However, organizations are often faced with many challenges in achieving the expected outcomes of BI systems within their firms. Here, one of the most cumbersome obstacles is the organizations’ readiness toward BI systems. Therefore, it is highly justified to assess organization’s readiness toward BI systems to avoid any loss and to enhance the overall revenue. This paper presents a brief history on BI systems and the challenges of their implementation within organizations. A review and analysis of models for assessing organizations’ readiness toward BI systems is established to understand their weakness and strength points. Finally, this paper proposes a hypothesized framework for solving readiness assessment issues within organizations which will be evaluated in the coming studies

Utilizing Analytical Hierarchy Process for Pauper House Programme in Malaysia

In Malaysia, the selection and evaluation of candidates for Pauper House Programme (PHP) are done manually. In this paper, a technique based on Analytical Hierarchy Technique (AHP) is designed and developed in order to make an evaluation and selection of PHP application. The aim is to ensure the selection process is more precise, accurate and can avoid any biasness issue. This technique is studied and designed based on the Pauper assessment technique from one of district offices in Malaysia. A hierarchical indexes are designed based on the criteria that been used in the official form of PHP application. A number of 23 samples of data which had been endorsed by Exco of State in Malaysia are used to test this technique. Furthermore the comparison of those two methods are given in this paper. All the calculations of this technique are done in a software namely Expert Choice version 11.5. By comparing the manual and AHP shows that there are three (3) samples that are not qualified. The developed technique also satisfies in term of ease of accuracy and preciseness but need a further study due to some limitation as explained in the recommendation of this paper

High Voltage Durability of Bambusa Vulgaris as a Bio-composite Material

This study is conducted in order to measure and identify the ability of a bio-composite material to the high voltage. According to it, the developed bio-composite material is tested to ensure the maximum voltage that the material can hold. The bio-composite material which made from a mixture of Bambusa Vulgaris and a selected polymer named as High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). The Bambusa Vulgarisis going through several processes before mixed together with HDPE using wood plastic composite (WPC) technique which also consists of several stages. There are several samples of bio-composite substance are fabricated. The difference among them is the composition of the raw materials (Bambusa Vulgaris and HDPE) used. In this research, the high voltage measurement which also called as breakdown voltage measurement of the bio-composite material is examined by using appropriate experiments. All the experimental results are presented and discussed in this paper

Recent progress in cellulose nanocrystals: sources and production

Cellulose nanocrystals, a class of fascinating bio-based nanoscale materials, have received a tremendous amount of interest both in industry and academia owing to its unique structural features and impressive physicochemical properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, renewability, low density, adaptable surface chemistry, optical transparency, and improved mechanical properties. This nanomaterial is a promising candidate for applications in fields such as biomedical, pharmaceuticals, electronics, barrier films, nanocomposites, membranes, supercapacitors, etc. New resources, new extraction procedures, and new treatments are currently under development to satisfy the increasing demand of manufacturing new types of cellulose nanocrystals-based materials on an industrial scale. Therefore, this review addresses the recent progress in the production methodologies of cellulose nanocrystals, covering principal cellulose resources and the main processes used for its isolation. A critical and analytical examination of the shortcomings of various approaches employed so far is made. Additionally, structural organization of cellulose and nomenclature of cellulose nanomaterials have also been discussed for beginners in this field