Multiple weak gauge boson production in high energy hadronic collisions

The electroweak standard model, as well-known, has been remarkably successful in describing a broad spectrum of high energy physics and has also given a satisfactory and consistent theoretical description of all the experimental data which has been obtained so far. The aim of the present work is to investigate some of the most important processes associated with the standard model which involve the charged intermediate bosons W(^±), the neutral intermediate boson Z, the pair production of weak gauge bosons and the Higgs boson. First of all we start with the study of the effect of the strong interaction on the direct production of weak gauge boson production at hadron colliders. We calculate the first order perturbative QCD corrections O(a(_s)) to the lowest order cross sections for photon and Z pair production at hadron colliders. The calculation contains divergences, represented in dimensional regularisation by poles of order O(1/ϵ) and O(1/ϵ(^2)), where ϵ = 4-n(_2). The order O(1/ϵ(^2)) terms are eliminated when real and virtual corrections are combined, and the remaining 0(1/ϵ) corrections will be absorbed into the quark momentum distribution functions. We then study the production rate of weak gauge boson pairs for proton- proton and proton-antiproton colliders using single and double parton scattering mechanisms. We extrapolate to the next generation of hadron colliders with centre-of-mass energy E(_cm)= 10-200 TeV. We find comparable values for the single and double scattering cross sections at very high energies. To expand our investigation, we study also the production rate of multiple gauge bosons at hadron supercolliders using the double parton scattering mechanism. These kinds of processes are important and represent a potential significant background for Higgs boson production. Finally, and for completeness, we study Higgs boson phenomenology, which now forms a substantial part of the physics program at the next generation of high-energy colliders. The calculation covers the production rate of single and double Higgs production at hadron colliders via gluon-gluon fusion, their branching ratios and decay widths

Monte Carlo and DFT calculations on the corrosion inhibition efficiency of some benzimide molecules

Calculations using density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo methods were performed on 2-methylbenzimidazole, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, 2-aminobenzimidazole, benzotriazole, and benzimidazole to determine their corrosion inhibition efficiency. The molecular structure was optimized geometrically using DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6– 311 G++(d,p) and b2plypd3/aug-cc-pvdz basis set level in protonated and non-protonated species in gas and water. In this study, HOMO, LUMO, bandgap, ionization energy, electronegativity, hardness, softness, electrophilicity and nucleophilicity, electron transfer, back donation energy and condensed Fukui indices are used to assess a molecule's local reactivity. Theoretical investigations can precisely establish the geometrical dimensions of a molecule and correctly explain the quantum properties of inhibitors. The mechanism of interaction between inhibitors and metal surfaces in a specified molecule is studied using molecular dynamics. The benzimidazole functional groups absorbed energy linearly on metal surfaces, with quantum characteristics determined using density functional theory and an ab initio technique. Importantly, the findings of this conceptual model are consistent with the corrosion inhibition efficiency of earlier experimental investigations

Compact CPW-Fed Broadband Circularly Polarized Monopole Antenna With Inverted L-Shaped Strip And Asymmetric Ground Plane

The design of a coplanar waveguide-fed (CPW-fed) broadband circularly polarized printed monopole antenna is proposed. The antenna consists of a simple rectangular radiator monopole, an inverted L-shaped strip, a horizontal stub, and a modified asymmetric ground plane. Simulation results indicate that the impedance bandwidth (IBW) is 121% (1.575-6.4 GHz), and the axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) is 64.3% (2.85-5.55 GHz). A parametric study is performed for verification. Results: indicate that the proposed antenna is suitable for different wireless communications systems

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Docetaxel Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast cancer Patients and its Amelioration by Vitamin E

Background: Chemotherapy is used to treat different types of cancer. Its use is associated with neurotoxicity, the most common of them is peripheral neuropathy. Taxanes are recognized to cause peripheral neuropathy of which Docetaxel is studied. Aim: To evaluate the neurotoxicity of Docetaxel and assess the protective effect of vitamin E in breast cancer patients. Methods: In a prospective placebo controlled randomized study, 60 women with breast cancer were selected. Patients had surgery and planned for chemotherapy administration. Chemotherapy protocol used is TAC that includes Docetaxel, Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide given every 21 days. They are assessed for neuropathy clinically and by nerve conduction study at the baseline and after completion of chemotherapy. They are divided into 2 groups each composed of 30 patients. The 1st group is given Vitamin E and the second group is given placebo. Results: showed that the incidence of neuropathy is the same in both groups, but it was less severe in Vitamin E treated group compared to the placebo group. Conclusion: vitamin E ameliorates the severity of peripheral neuropathy and can be used for this purpose. Recommendation: We recommend large multicenter studies to be done and using other agents that possibly prevent or ameliorate Docetaxel induced neuropathy in the future

Unilateral Axillary Lymphadenopathy in Cancer Patients Post-COVID-19 Vaccination: Review and Case Series

Novel coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) variants continue to spread worldwide with the development of highly transmissible strains. Several guidelines addressing management of cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic have been published, primarily based upon expert opinion. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of breast cancer care including screening, diagnosis, treatment, and long-term follow-up. Recent reports indicate that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines can provoke lymphadenopathy in both cancer patients and healthy individuals. Unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy (UAL) post-COVID-19 vaccination is a challenging presentation for cancer patients because of the potential for misinterpretation as malignancy. The World Health Organization’s target to vaccinate 70% of the world’s population by mid-2023 is likely to increase the incidence of post-COVID-19 vaccination UAL. In this article, we review the published evidence regarding UAL post-COVID-19 vaccination and present diverse cases of breast cancer patients where false-positive UAL post-COVID-19 vaccination proved to be a therapeutic challenge. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) vaccination program is well ahead of other countries in the world, having accomplished the target of 100% vaccination of the population with at least one dose. Therefore, an increasing number of recently vaccinated patients are likely to present with UAL, detected by surveillance imaging, post-vaccination. We have therefore made recommendations regarding the management of cancer patients with UAL post-COVID-19 vaccination in order to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary imaging or invasive biopsy procedures

INVESTIGATING THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND HYPOTHYROIDISM

Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, which are thyroid conditions that are extremely prevalent throughout the world, predispose to CVD in general and CAD in particular. This is especially important for people who have hypothyroidism. Heart failure progression risk and the frequency of coronary events are both raised by overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormone abnormalities are a common complication of heart disease, especially ischemic heart disease, and should be taken into consideration. In actuality, it is necessary to consider low thyroid hormone levels as a cardiovascular risk factor. Regarding ischemic heart disease, thyroid hormones impact left ventricular structure, function, and geometry in the late post-myocardial infarction stage. Cardio-protection is the new goal of therapies to reduce infarct size and stop the development of heart failure following an acute ischemic event in order to enhance cardiovascular outcomes. Through TR1 binding, TH replacement therapy administered soon after myocardial infarction (or even when delayed) may enhance cardiac function. In this review we will look at the relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic heart disease

A multinational cross-sectional study on the awareness and concerns of healthcare providers toward monkeypox and the promotion of the monkeypox vaccination

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore potential healthcare workers' (HCWs) concerns about the monkeypox virus in order to create practical solutions to manage this disease.MethodsOnline cross-sectional research was conducted in 11 Arabic countries (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Syria, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Iraq, Palestine, Jordan, and Sudan) from 2 August 2022 to 28 December 2022.ResultsApproximately 82% of respondents felt the need to acquire further information. The acceptability of the vaccine against monkeypox has been indicated by more than half of the participants (54.5%). Furthermore, we state that 45% of the participants are knowledgeable about the monkeypox virus, and 53.1% of the participants have never been affected with COVID-19 before are more worried about COVID-19 than about monkeypox. Participants diagnosed with COVID-19 were 0.63 times less likely to worry about monkeypox than those who were not diagnosed with COVID-19. A greater willingness to get the monkeypox vaccination was seen among the age group 21–30 years (42.4%) compared to the other age groups.ConclusionMost healthcare professionals have a moderate knowledge of the monkeypox virus. Furthermore, they demonstrated a low willingness to get the vaccination against the monkeypox virus