Empirical Equations for Analysis of Two-Way Reinforced Concrete Slabs

There are many different methods for analysis of two-way reinforced concrete slabs. The most efficient methods depend on using certain factors given in different codes of reinforced concrete design. The other ways of analysis of two-way slabs are the direct design method and the equivalent frame method. But these methods usually need a long time for analysis of the slabs.In this paper, a new simple method has been developed to analyze the two-way slabs by using simple empirical formulae, and the results of final analysis of some examples have been compared with other different methods given in different codes of practice.The comparison proof that this simple proposed method gives good results and it can be used in analysis of two-way slabs instead of other methods

Modeling and Simulation of Copper Removal from the Contaminated Soil by a Combination of Adsorption and Electro-kinetic Remediation

Electro-kinetic remediation technology is one of the developing technologies that offer great promise for the cleanup of soils contaminated with heavy metals. A numerical model was formulated to simulate copper (Cu) transport under an electric field using one-dimensional diffusion-advection equations describing the contaminant transport driven by chemical and electrical gradients in soil during the electro-kinetic remediation as a function of time and space. This model included complex physicochemical factors affecting the transport phenomena, such as soil pH value, aqueous phase reaction, adsorption, and precipitation. One-dimensional finitedifference computer program successfully predicted meaningful values for soil pH profiles and Cu concentration profiles. The model considers that: (1) electrical potential in the soil is constant with the time; (2) the effect of temperature is negligible; and (3) dissolution of soil constituents is negligible. The predicted pH profiles and transport of copper in sandy loam soil during electrokinetic remediation were found to reasonably agree with the bench-scale electro-kinetic experimental results. The predicted contaminant speciation and distribution (aqueous, adsorbed, and precipitated) allow for an understanding of the transport processes and chemical reactions that control electro-kinetic remediation

Study of the Effect of Berry Paper Mulberry on Optical Properties of Poly Methyl Methacrylate

In this work, study the optical properties of composites consisting of poly Methyl Methacrylate and Berry Paper Mulberry. The samples of composites were prepared using casting method .The Berry Paper Mulberry (BPM) was added by different concentrations are (0, 2, 4 and 6)wt.%. The optical properties of composites have been studied in the wavelength range (200-800)nm. The absorption coefficient ,energy gap, refractive index, extinction coefficient and dielectric constants have been determined. The results show that the optical constants change with increase of BPM concentrations

LOS INTERESES DE SARKOZY Y LAS TRIBULACIONES DE LA POLÍTICA FRANCESA HACIA LIBIA

The French foreign policy process that accompanied the birth of the Fifth Republic and the collapse of the colonial system was inspired by the idea of greatness (grandeur de La France). National pride in the exercise of foreign policy, operated for many years as a counterweight to the decline of its international position as a power. However, from De Gaulle to Chirac, French policy was able to get some achievements based on a design that combined the national interest with the idea of grandeur. Although some scholars argue that “the foreign policy of no other Western state is driven by such narcissism” (Muravchick, 2007), other studies focus on the particularities of the French political system and the concept of monochromatic presidential government (Elgie & Griggs, 2000), a system of government in which the president decides the contents of the policy and is responsible for their successes and failures. For the Mediterranean region, the policy of the governments of the Fifth Republic acted on broadly similar principles until Nicolas Sarkozy came to power. Therefore, this paper focuses on the changes that occurred in the French position towards the Mediterranean region during the presidential term of Sarkozy and stresses the president’s unequivocal responsibility. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the direct engagement of France during the events in Libya in 2011 as the result of a personal interest rather than a foreign policy design

Factors affecting sustainable agriculture in Iraq : evidence from employment, CPI, rents, and policies

This research examines the current state of sustainable agricultural development in Iraq and explores its association with various factors. Data were obtained from reputable sources such as the World Bank Database, and econometric tests were used. Utilizing the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL), the study analyzes the impact of agricultural employment (EA), consumer price index (CPI), agriculture policies including crop production index (CROP) and arable land (AL), and natural resource rents (NR) on sustainable agricultural development (SDA) in both short and long terms. The results reveal that CROP positively and significantly influences SDA in the short and long run, while CPI and AL also positively affect SDA. Nevertheless, CPI has an insignificant influence in the long run. NR negatively impacts SDA in the short and long run. The study's findings contribute to understanding the role of these factors in promoting sustainable agricultural development in Iraq, suggesting beneficial insights for policymakers and researchers in the environmental and agricultural sectors.Ghaleb Yassin Farhan Matalak (College of education/ Al-Kitab University), Talib Kh. Hussein Al-Hadi (University College), Ammar Dhahim (College of education/ Al-Farahidi University), Nidhal Raheem Mardood (Department of Accounting / college of management and economic/ Al-Esraa University), Muqdad Hussein Ali (College of Media, department of journalism/ The Islamic University in Najaf), Rajaa Jasim Mohammed (Department of management/ AL-Nisour University College), Ahmed Razzaq Al-Adday (Department of Computer Technical Engineering, Technical Engineering College, Al-Ayen University), Akhlas Na'ama khudair (Medical laboratory technology/ Ashur University College), Ahmed Ayad Abdo Al-qader9 (College of Pharmacy/ National University of Science and Technology), Corresponding author: Ghaleb Yassin Farhan MatalakIncludes bibliographical reference

A new model for iris classification based on Naïve Bayes grid parameters optimization

 Data mining classification plays an important role in the prediction of outcomes. One of the outstanding classifications methods in data mining is Naive Bayes Classification (NBC). It is capable of envisaging results and mostly effective than other classification methods. Many Naive Bayes classification method provide low performance in classification and regression problems  Ones of the facts behinds the performances of the NBC is dues to the assumptions of contingent on independence amidst predictors and the initials hyper parameters. However, this strong assumption leads to loss of accuracy. In this study, a new method for boosting the accuracy of NBC was proposed. The proposed new technique uses a grid search to give better accuracy Naïve Bayes classification

Identifying the role played by climate change in agricultural productivity : evidence from Iraq

This research focuses on examining the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity (AP) in Iraq, considering factors such as CO2 emissions (EQ), average rainfall (RAIN), temperature (TEMP), arable area (AA), energy consumption (EC), and agricultural employment (EA). GDP per capita (GDPC) and urbanization (UP) are also studied as control variables. The study employs quantitative secondary research using time series data from 2000 to 2021 and utilizes ordinary least squares to analyze the data collected from the World Development Indicators. EA has a positive but insignificant influence on agricultural productivity, while EC and its lagged value show negative and insignificant impacts. Conversely, the present value of EQ negatively impacts AP, while lagged value has a positive impact on AP. Both results are significant. Additionally, RAIN, REA, and AA are found to have positive impacts on AP, with RAIN and AA showing significance. GDPC, UP, and temperature exhibit insignificant impacts on AP. The study contributes to understanding the complex relationship between climate change and agricultural productivity in Iraq.Fakhri Alajeeli (Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Hadi University College), Amenah Muayad Abdullah (College of education/ Al-Farahidi University), Hussein Humedy Chlib Alkaaby (Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Manara College For Medical Sciences), Ali Afrawi Fahad (Department of Education/ Mazaya university college), Ghaleb Yassin Farhan Matalak (college of education/ Al-Kitab University), Abas O. Hadi (Department of Optics, College of Health and Medical Technology, Sawa University), Akhlas Na'ama khudair (Medical laboratory technology/ Ashur University College), Ahmed Razzaq Al-Adday (Department of Computer Technical Engineering, Technical Engineering College), Shaymaa Abdulhameed Khudair (Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College), Ahmed Ayad Abdo Al-qader (College of Pharmacy/ National University of Science and Technology), Corresponding author: Fakhri AlajeeliIncludes bibliographical reference

Energy consumption and environmental degradation in Iraq : the role of renewables, electricity, fossil fuels, and natural resources

The present research explores the impact of various factors, including electrical energy consumption, fossil fuel energy, renewable energy consumption, and natural resource sufficiency, on environmental degradation in Iraq, using data from the World Development Indicator database from 2000 to 2021. The study utilizes the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method to analyze the relationship among variables and diagnostic testing for heteroskedasticity and serial correlation. The results show that electrical energy consumption positively and significantly impacts environmental degradation, while natural resource sufficiency negatively influences environmental degradation. Moreover, the study examines the moderating effect of natural resource sufficiency, revealing its significant influence on the linakge between renewable energy consumption and environmental degradation. However, no significant moderating effect is observed for electrical and fossil fuel energy consumption. The research sheds light on the importance of energy consumption and natural resources when addressing environmental issues.Sabah Abdul Ameer (Department of Automobile Engineering / College of Engineering/Al-Musayab University of Babylon), Abbas Hameed Abdul Hussein (College of IT/ Ahl Al Bayt University), Rusul Jabbar Abdul Ridha (Department of medical engineering / Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences), Bahira Abdulrazzaq Mohammed (Department of medical engineering / Al-Hadi University College), Raed Khalid (College of education/ Al-Farahidi University), Dheyaa Yahaia Alhameedi (Department of Anesthesia, College of health and medical Technology, Sawa University), Ahmed Razzaq Al-Adday (Department of Computer Technical Engineering, Technical Engineering College), Israa Alhani (Department of medical engineering / Mazaya university college), Khudr Bary Freeh Alsrray (College of Arts, Department of Media/ Al-Esraa University), Ahmed Ayad Abdo Al-qader (College of Pharmacy/ National University of Science and Technology), Corresponding author: Abbas Hameed Abdul HusseinIncludes bibliographical reference

Osjetljiva spektrofotometrijska metoda za određivanje antagonista H2-receptora uz uporabu N-bromsukcinimida i p-aminofenola

A simple, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method for determination of H2-receptor antagonists: cimetidine (CIM), famotidine (FAM), nizatidine (NIZ), and ranitidine hydrochloride (RAN) has been full developed and validated The method was based on the reaction of these drugs with NBS and subsequent measurement of the excess N-bromosuccinimide by its reaction with p-aminophenol to give a violet colored product (max at 552 nm). Decrease in the absorption intensity (A) of the colored product, due to the presence of the drug, was correlated with its concentration in the sample solution. Different variables affecting the reaction were carefully studied and optimized. Under optimal conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients (0.9988-0.9998) were found between A values and the corresponding concentrations of the drugs in a concentration range of 830, 622, 625, and 420 g mL1 for CIM, FAM, NIZ, and RAN, respectively. Limits of detection were 1.22, 1.01, 1.08, and 0.74 g mL1 for CIM, FAM, NIZ, and RAN, respectively. The method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision, ruggedness, and robustness; the results were satisfactory. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of the above mentioned drugs in bulk substance and in pharmaceutical dosage forms; percent recoveries ranged from 98.5 0.9 to 102.4 0.8% without interference from the common excipients. The results obtained by the proposed method were comparable with those obtained by the official methods.Razvijena je i validirana ispravna, jednostavna i osjetljiva spektrofotometrijska metoda za određivanje antagonista H2-receptora: cimetidina (CIM), famotidina (FAM), nizatidina (NIZ) i ranitidin hidroklorida (RAN). Metoda se temelji na reakciji tih ljekovitih tvari s N-bromsukcinimidom (NBS). Višak N-bromsukcinimida određuje se nakon reakcije s p-aminofenolom s kojim daje ljubičasti produkt (max pri 552 nm). Smanjenje apsorpcijskog intenziteta (A) obojenog produkta, zbog prisutnosti ljekovite tvari korelirano je s njegovom koncentracijom u otopini uzorka. Proučavane su različite varijable koje utječu na reakciju. Linearno koncentracijsko područje za CIM, FAM, NIZ i RAN, s koeficijentom korelacije od 0,9988 do 0,9998, iznosi 830, 622, 625 odnosno 420 g mL1. Granice detekcije bile su 1,23, 1,02, 1,09 i 0,75 g mL1 za CIM, FAM, NIZ, odnosno RAN. Predložena metoda je uspješno primijenjena za analizu navedenih ljekovitih tvari i ljekovitih pripravaka. Nepreciznost od 0,7 do 1,2% i visoka ispravnost (analitički povrat između 98,5 i 102,4%), bez interferencije uobičajenih pomoćnih tvari, ukazuju na dobru analitičku metodu. Rezultati dobiveni predloženom metodom usporedivi su s rezultatima dobivenim službenom metodom