318 research outputs found
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An approach to melodic segmentation and classification based on filtering with the Haar wavelet
We present a novel method of classification and segmentation of melodies in symbolic representation. The method is based on filtering pitch as a signal over time with the Haar-wavelet, and we evaluate it on two tasks. The filtered signal corresponds to a single-scale signal ws from the continuous Haar wavelet transform. The melodies are first segmented using local maxima or zero-crossings of ws. The
segments of ws are then classified using the k–nearest neighbour algorithm with Euclidian and city-block distances. The method proves more effective than using unfiltered pitch signals and Gestalt-based segmentation when used to recognize the parent works of segments from Bach’s Two-Part Inventions (BWV 772–786). When used to classify 360 Dutch folk tunes into 26 tune families, the performance of the
method is comparable to the use of pitch signals, but not as good as that of string-matching methods based on multiple features
Measuring for a mentally healthy workplace: a practical guide for medium to large organisations
Generation of folk song melodies using Bayes transforms
The paper introduces the `Bayes transform', a mathematical procedure for putting data into a hierarchical representation. Applicable to any type of data, the procedure yields interesting results when applied to sequences. In this case, the representation obtained implicitly models the repetition hierarchy of the source. There are then natural applications to music. Derivation of Bayes transforms can be the means of determining the repetition hierarchy of note sequences (melodies) in an empirical and domain-general way. The paper investigates application of this approach to Folk Song, examining the results that can be obtained by treating such transforms as generative models
Variational Hilbert space truncation approach to quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnets on frustrated clusters
We study the spin- Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a series of
finite-size clusters with features inspired by the fullerenes. Frustration due
to the presence of pentagonal rings makes such structures challenging in the
context of quantum Monte-Carlo methods. We use an exact diagonalization
approach combined with a truncation method in which only the most important
basis states of the Hilbert space are retained. We describe an efficient
variational method for finding an optimal truncation of a given size which
minimizes the error in the ground state energy. Ground state energies and
spin-spin correlations are obtained for clusters with up to thirty-two sites
without the need to restrict the symmetry of the structures. The results are
compared to full-space calculations and to unfrustrated structures based on the
honeycomb lattice.Comment: 22 pages and 12 Postscript figure
Probing Attentive and Preattentive Emergent Meter in Adult Listeners without Extensive Music Training
Nicotine enhances an auditory Event-Related Potential component which is inversely related to habituation
Nicotine is a psychoactive substance that is commonly consumed in the
context of music. However, the reason why music and nicotine are coconsumed
is uncertain. One possibility is that nicotine affects cognitive
processes relevant to aspects of music appreciation in a beneficial way.
Here we investigated this possibility using Event-Related Potentials (ERPs).
Participants underwent a simple decision-making task (to maintain
attentional focus), responses to which were signaled by auditory stimuli.
Unlike most previous research looking at the effects of nicotine on auditory
processing, we used tones of different pitch, a fundamental element of
music. In addition, unlike most other studies, we tested non-smoking
subjects to avoid withdrawal-related complications. We found that nicotine
(4.0 mg, administered as gum) increased P2 amplitude in the frontal
region. Since a decrease in P2 amplitude and latency is related to
habituation processes, and an enhanced ability to disengage from
irrelevant stimuli, our findings suggest that nicotine may cause a reduction
in habituation, resulting in non-smokers being less able to adapt to
repeated stimuli. A corollary of that decrease in adaptation may be that
nicotine extends the temporal window during which a listener is able and
willing to engage with a piece of music
A Standardised Procedure for Evaluating Creative Systems: Computational Creativity Evaluation Based on What it is to be Creative
Computational creativity is a flourishing research area, with a variety of creative systems being produced and developed. Creativity evaluation has not kept pace with system development with an evident lack of systematic evaluation of the creativity of these systems in the literature. This is partially due to difficulties in defining what it means for a computer to be creative; indeed, there is no consensus on this for human creativity, let alone its computational equivalent. This paper proposes a Standardised Procedure for Evaluating Creative Systems (SPECS). SPECS is a three-step process: stating what it means for a particular computational system to be creative, deriving and performing tests based on these statements. To assist this process, the paper offers a collection of key components of creativity, identified empirically from discussions of human and computational creativity. Using this approach, the SPECS methodology is demonstrated through a comparative case study evaluating computational creativity systems that improvise music
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