Sustainability assessment of coastal ecosystems: DPSIR analysis for beaches at the Northeast Coast of Vietnam

The Northeastern coastal zone of Vietnam possesses high biodiversity and rich ecosystems like coral reefs, seagrasses, beaches and mangroves. It also includes the Ha Long Bay Natural Heritage site (UNESCO 1994) and the Cat Ba Biosphere Reserve (MAB/UNESCO 2004) as well as hosts the Economic Development Triangle (Hai Phong-Ha Noi-Quang Ninh) established by the Government of Vietnam. As one of the coastal ecosystems, sandy beach ecosystems attracted more attention during recent decades because of their essential role for human welfare and in environmental protection. A few studies concentrated on sustainable management of sandy beach based on environmental and ecological protection and enhance the beach quality for recreational use. The DPSIR (Driving force Pressure State Impact Response) framework describes the logical interaction among systems and finds out the cause and consequence of social-economic development activities to the environment and resources. In this study, the DPSIR was applied on the sandy beaches in the Northeastern coast of Vietnam to reveal the main environmental problems on sandy beaches including the decline of the natural landscape around the beaches and the degradation of the environment. It also pointed out that tourism development in association with urbanization and sea reclamation is the main driving forces for environmental degradation of the sandy beaches. Therefore, local authorities of Hai Phong and Quang Ninh should take into account several main responses to policies on inter-province coordination and managerial measures with a wider scope, which integrate socio-economic and physical factors, proximity, accessibility, and neighborhood to manage healthy coastal ecosystems and sandy beaches in particular. An integrated coastal management program for the Northeastern coast of Vietnam needs to be developed and carried out to follow the laws of Vietnam as well as to meet local urgent requirements

THE STATUS OF READING CULTURE OF STUDENTS THANH HOA UNIVERSITY OF CULTURE, SPORTS AND TOURISM

Reading culture is extremely important in the process of studying and researching in universities. As a factor promoting the process of self-study, student research helps to innovate teaching and learning methods in the direction of learner-centered. The following article presents issues about the current situation of the reading culture of students - students studying at Thanh Hoa University of Culture, Sports and Tourism. Outline strengths, limitations and propose a solution. Some solutions contribute to the development of reading culture for students - students at the school

MACRO-ZOOPLANKTON ABUNDANCE IN RELATION TO METAL ACCUMULATION AND WATER QUALITY IN TRUC BACH LAKE

Urban lake pollution is one of the serious issues due to suffering of waste discharged from householders. However, there is a gap of knowledge about the diversity of zooplankton species and how metals accumulate in zooplankton in urban ecosystems. We addressed this by determining the rule of blooming macro-zooplankton in Truc Bach lake and levels of two essential metals: copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) and of three non-essential metals: arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) in water samples were determined. The results showed that Cladocerans and copepods are macro-zooplankton dominant species in Truc Bach Lake. Water temperature significantly affects the variety of copepod blooming. Arsenic concentration in water collected from the lake exceeded the safety level of current Vietnamese regulation. As concentration in macro-zooplankton positively correlated with metal concentrations in the water (p 0.05) while the concentration of Cu, Zn, and Pb in water has no significant correlation with the metal in zooplankton’s body. The relative abundance of adult copepods in Truc Bach lake had a negative correlation with As concentration in water (p = 0.01). The higher As concentration in water, the lower relative abundance of copepods was found in the sample

The Impact of FDI, International Trade, and National Economy on People’s Standard of Living in ASEAN Countries

This research paper analyzes the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI), international trade, and national economy on the standard of living of people in ASEAN member countries, using data from 2012-2021. The study uses data from this period to examine the effects of these variables on the standard of living in ASEAN member countries. The results indicate that international trade and national economy have a significant influence on people's standard of living in the region. However, the effect of FDI varies depending on the level of development of the country. While FDI doesn't have much effect on developing countries, it has a negative impact on developed countries. The study also provides insights for policymakers on how to promote economic growth and improve the quality of life for people in the ASEAN. Keywords: FDI, international trade, national economy, the standard of living, ASEAN DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/15-6-10 Publication date:March 31st 2023

Factors Affecting Intention to Transact by Electronic Payment in Supermarkets in Hanoi (Vietnam)

The study is conducted based on 391 observational samples in Hanoi with the context that Vietnam is promoting digital transformation in all aspects of life. Research has shown that: “Performance Expectancy”, “Effort Expectancy”, “Social Influence”, “Facility Conditions” and “Security and Privacy” have a positive impact on the e-payment intention of shoppers in supermarkets in Hanoi, especially Facility Condition is the most influential factor. In addition, the result also found that the age variable also acts as a crucial driver factor in the process of forming human intentions, while the gender variable has no impact on that process. The study of factors that can affect the intention of electronic payment contributes more theoretical basis in this field, as well as provide a more realistic view of the situation of using electronic payment in Vietnam in general, creating a driving force for the promotion of the development of electronic payment regularly in terms of frequency of application and diversity of application forms. In this study, the authors, besides inheriting domestic and foreign studies on electronic payment, also develop innovative points compared to previous studies. The study uses the new approach to study electronic payment through transactions in supermarkets and assess the role of demographic variables on user intention. Keywords: electronic payment, supermarket, solutions DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/13-11-02 Publication date:June 30th 202

CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONS AND OPTIMIZATION OF TABLET CONTAINING EUCOMMIA ULMOIDES AND GARDENIA JASMINOIDES SPRAY-DRIED EXTRACTS

Objective: The E. ulmoides and G. jasminoides (EG) tablets containing 67 mg E. ulmoides spray-dried extract (ESE) and 173 mg G. jasminoides spray-dried extract (GSE) were prepared by employing the direct compression method. Due to the poor flowability and compressibility of the two spray-dried extracts, various excipients were added at different ratios so that the blends can be compressed into tablets with the required standards. This study aimed at the cause-effect relations and optimization of the EG tablet formulation.Methods: Different diluents including dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), silicified microcrystalline cellulose (SMCC), spray-dried lactose (SDL) and the active ingredients (blend of ESE and GSE at the ratio of 67:173, w/w) were separately investigated their own physical properties. The binary mixtures of the active ingredients with different ratios of DCPA, SMCC, and SDL were evaluated their flowability. D-optimal design based on three independent variables (% DCPA, % croscarmellose sodium (CCS) and % SMCC) was applied to evaluate the cause-effect relations and optimize the EG tablet formulation. The weight variation, disintegration time, hardness and friability were investigated as four dependent variables.Results: The flowability of the powders was found to be affected by the particle size distribution, particle shape and density. The three diluents could significantly improve the flowability of the active ingredients. All independent variables had significant effects on the dependent variables. An increase in % SMCC reduced the weight variation, hardness and increased the friability of tablets. Disintegration time was found to be in the negative relations with % CCS. The tablet hardness was in positive relations with % DCPA. The optimized EG tablet formulation composed of 9 % DCPA (w/w), 35 % SMCC (w/w), and 14 % CCS (w/w) of the excipient blend. The weight variation, disintegration time, hardness and friability of the optimized EG tablets were found to be 1.8 %, 11.7 min, 61.4 N, and 0.5 %, respectively.Conclusion: The ESE and GSE could be formulated into tablet by using direct compression method. The cause-effect relations and optimization of EG tablet formulation were studied and reported for the first time

Impact of Vocational Education and Training On Decent Job Opportunities Regarding Information and Communication Technology

Vocational education and training plays a crucial part in the creation of decent job. The fast growth of information and communication technology (ICT) during the past ten years has increased work opportunities for laborers. This research uses the yearly labor force survey data to study the impact of vocational education and training on decent job opportunities for employees in the context of Vietnam's information and communication technology development. The logit model results indicate that the 2020 rate of decent jobs is still low, at approximately 25.6 percent. However, vocational education and training and the advancement of ICT positively affect decent job opportunities. This long-lasting impact affects laborers in various areas, regions, and industries. These findings suggest that vocational education and training and ICT must play a significant role in transitioning from precarious to more secure employment, so laborers must acquire professional knowledge and information technology skills