‘Whirl’d through the World’: The Role of Travel in the Making of Dora Montefiore, 1851–1933

New technologies of mobility which emerged in the wake of industrialisation helped to create a radical diaspora which in the first decades of the twentieth century began to create new transnationalist politics. This diaspora of socialists, feminists and anarchists consisted both of migrants (whose politics spurred migration or whose migration prompted political engagement) and travellers. Amongst the latter was Dora Montefiore, an English suffragist, socialist and later communist, who sought to make an internationalist politics in the last years of the nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth. During her personal political journey through the changing landscape of progressive politics, travel was to be an important ingredient in her developing political practice. This essay explores the ways in which travel affected how Montefiore ‘did’ her politics. It considers why travel was such an important feature of her life as well as the different kinds of political travel she engaged in and its function in her politics. Political tourism, networking and propagandist tours are all explored. For Montefiore, travel could enable unforeseen conversations, serendipitous encounters, new experiences and even friendships which could be put to work by her as a political activist. These experiences often had a lasting effect on her politics. Travel could also be transformative when it was about leisure, pleasure and recuperation. Many of Montefiore’s journeys contained all of these elements. However, increasingly the constraints on such travel, particularly the growth of police surveillance, changed the nature of how travel was experienced by political activists and thus what they could do with it within their politics. This essay is therefore about the possibilities of travel for a political activist, but also its limitations. How a radical activist ‘whirl’d through the world’ was always contingent, but the process of this kind of political travel necessarily affected the traveller herself as well as those she encountered along the way.New technologies of mobility which emerged in the wake of industrialisation helped to create a radical diaspora which in the first decades of the twentieth century began to create new transnationalist politics. This diaspora of socialists, feminists and anarchists consisted both of migrants (whose politics spurred migration or whose migration prompted political engagement) and travellers. Amongst the latter was Dora Montefiore, an English suffragist, socialist and later communist, who sought to make an internationalist politics in the last years of the nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth. During her personal political journey through the changing landscape of progressive politics, travel was to be an important ingredient in her developing political practice. This essay explores the ways in which travel affected how Montefiore ‘did’ her politics. It considers why travel was such an important feature of her life as well as the different kinds of political travel she engaged in and its function in her politics. Political tourism, networking and propagandist tours are all explored. For Montefiore, travel could enable unforeseen conversations, serendipitous encounters, new experiences and even friendships which could be put to work by her as a political activist. These experiences often had a lasting effect on her politics. Travel could also be transformative when it was about leisure, pleasure and recuperation. Many of Montefiore’s journeys contained all of these elements. However, increasingly the constraints on such travel, particularly the growth of police surveillance, changed the nature of how travel was experienced by political activists and thus what they could do with it within their politics. This essay is therefore about the possibilities of travel for a political activist, but also its limitations. How a radical activist ‘whirl’d through the world’ was always contingent, but the process of this kind of political travel necessarily affected the traveller herself as well as those she encountered along the way

Tacoma’s Luxury Effect and the Ecological Influence of the Green Schoolyards Initiative

Urban environments like green spaces that sustain biodiversity are critical to the success of species that inhabit cityscapes. This project will examine changes in bird diversity that Tacoma’s new “Green Schoolyards” initiative will promote, which intends to introduce a variety of native plants into low-income neighborhoods lacking diverse green spaces. I predict that habitat changes resulting from the Green Schoolyards program will increase ecological diversity in low-income neighborhoods. I intend to frame the results of this research in the context of the luxury effect, which I hypothesize is a major factor in the ecological distribution of wildlife in Tacoma, WA

A case of bovine raw milk contamination with Listeria monocytogenes

peer-reviewedDuring routine sampling of bulk raw milk on a dairy farm, the pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes was found to be a contaminant, at numbers < 100 cfu/ml. A strain with an indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern was isolated from the bulk milk two months later. Environmental swabs taken at the dairy environment were negative for the presence of L. monocytogenes, indicating a possible case of excretion of the L. monocytogenes directly into the milk. Milk samples were collected from the individual cows and analysed, resulting in the identification of L. monocytogenes excretion (at 280 cfu/ml) from one of the 4 mammary quarters of one dairy cow out of 180. When the infected cow was isolated from the herd, no L. monocytogenes was detected from the remaining herd. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern of the strain from the individual cow was indistinguishable from that originally isolated from the bulk milk. The infected cow did not show any clinical signs of disease, nor did the appearance of the milk have any physical abnormalities. Antibiotic treatment of the infected mammary quarter was found to be ineffective. This study shows that there can be risks associated with direct contamination of raw milk with L. monocytogenes.Teagasc Walsh Fellowship; Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Food Institutional Research Measure (Irish Microbial Risk Assessment Network project); European Union (EU), 6th Framework Programme (BIOTRACER project)

Cronobacter Sakazakii ISO 22964:2017 Testing of Milk Powders Using Commercially Available PCR

The detection of Cronobacter sakazakii in milk powder is important as a major health issue1 as it can survive for long periods in dry conditions2. Faster detection using PCR is possible and currently need to be compatible with traditionally standardised ISO methods. Viable cells are detected by PCR when dead cells and free DNA are diluted out, inhibited or destroyed. Biorad IQ–check DNA removal solution eliminates the detection of dead cells (based on endonuclease activity) or Biotecon Reagent D, (a light reactive aqueous reagent solution) is a dye designed to eliminate dead bacterial cell amplification, both avoid false-positive PCR results from dead cells. With ISO 20838: Real-Time PCR can be self-confirming and no further confirmation necessary with faster in house control and release of product quicker based on PCR results

Determination of Listeria monocytogenes numbers at less than 10 cfu/g

peer-reviewedListeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes a relatively rare foodborne disease called listeriosis, with a high mortality rate of 20%-30% and an undefined dose response. Current European Union regulations permit up to 100 colony-forming units (cfu)/g in food at the end of its shelf life, where the food has been shown not to support the growth of this pathogenic bacterium. Therefore, enumeration of L. monocytogenes at low numbers in food is important. The objective of this study was to reduce the detection limit of L. monocytogenes in food by a factor of 10. The International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) 11290-2 method for enumeration of L. monocytogenes in food recommends spreading 0.1 mL of a 1:10 dilution of the food on the surface of an agar plate (detection limit 100 cfu/g), or 1.0 mL spread in equal parts on the surface of three agar plates (detection limit: 10 cfu/g). The pour-plate method (using 1 or 10 mL of an appropriate dilution) was compared to the spread-plate method using the ISO-approved chromogenic medium Agar Listeria according to Ottaviani and Agosti (ALOA). Using the pour-plate method, the colony morphology and halo formation were similar to the spread-plate method from pure cultures and inoculated foods. Using the pour-plate method in a 140 mm Petri dish, 10 mL of a 1:10 dilution of food allowed determination of numbers as low as 1 cfu/g. Applying this method, L. monocytogenes in naturally contaminated food samples were enumerated at numbers as low as 1-9 cfu/g.This work was supported by The Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine under the Food Institutional Research Measure, project 11/F/008, and by the Dairy Processing Technology Centre, supported by Enterprise Ireland and the Irish Dairy Industry, project number TC 2014 0016

Patient Perspectives of the Doctor-at-Home Service

Introduction. Home health care has been established as an effective model for reducing mortality in the elderly. The Doctor-at-Home Service at the Community Health Centers of Burlington (CHCB) has offered home health care to Burlington residents since January 2015. Dr. Karen Sokol, MD, alone provides care to 176 patients at their homes, including at-home palliative care. CHCB hope to expand this program by hiring more providers. Objective. To understand the impact of the Doctor-at-Home Service from the pa- tients’ perspective. Methods. A survey was administered to a cohort of eighteen patients over an 8- week period and addressed topics such as barriers to healthcare, benefits, and costs associated with doctor-at-home programs. A theme analysis on the responses was then conducted to reflect patient opinions. Available summary data describing the pa- tient population was also analyzed. Results. The Doctor- at- Home program serves patients ranging from 26 to 100 years old, with the majority of the patient population comprised of senior citizens. Prior to at home care, patients faced barriers such as lack of transportation, negative past experi- ences, anxiety, and distance from relatives. Four main themes from patient responses were physician-patient relationship, convenience, quality of care, and environment of care. Discussion. Evidence is compelling that there is a desire and need for an exten- sion of the Doctor-at-Home program to reach additional patients. Doctor-at-Home pro- grams could eliminate identified barriers and provide quality care to patients, especially those with specific barriers to access.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1256/thumbnail.jp

How men and women learn about sex: multi-generational perspectives on insufficient preparedness and prevailing gender norms in Scotland

Attitudes towards sexual health and relationships are learned from a young age, and there is an ongoing need for innovative and comprehensive approaches to sex education that keep pace with rapidly changing contexts of people’s lives. We used thematic analysis of data from two qualitative studies in Scotland to explore learning contexts from a multi-generational perspective, as well as the influence of different socio-cultural factors on provision, access to and experience of sex education. The importance, but inadequacy, of school as a source of learning, was a persistent theme over time. Participants’ strategies to address perceived gaps in knowledge included experience, conversations, vicarious and online learning. Gender and age differences emerged, with younger participants more likely to go online for information, and prevailing gender norms shaping attitudes and behaviours across both study groups. Participants who identified as gay, lesbian or bisexual described feeling particularly unprepared for sex and relationships due to the narrow, heteronormative content received. Although schools continue to be a common source of information, it appears that they fail to equip young people for their post-school sexual life-course. We recommend the mandatory provision of comprehensive, positive, inclusive and skills-based learning to improve people’s chances of forming and building healthy, positive relationships across the lifespan

Impact of the Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Association (NICA) on Obstetrician and Attorney Practices

As health reform continues to unfold nationally, one ofthe more dramatic strategies for reform ofthe current medical liability system is to move towards a no-fault compensation system. Although, no state has established a comprehensive no-fault medical malpractice system, the Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Association (NICA) is a unique and rare working model ofa functioning no-fault insurance program. A cross-sectional design was utilized to survey obstetricians and health law attorneys practicing in Florida in 2011 to ascertain their knowledge and opinions of NICA and its impact on practice patterns and defensive medicine. The findings indicate that respondents believe NICA has had no effect on insurance rates among both obstetricians (39.8%) and attorneys(35.3%) nor did obstetricians (52.8%) or attorneys (35.8%) believe it has affected defensive medicine practices. Additionally, the findings further reinforced stereotypic expectations that obstetricians prefer an administrative process (35%) or arbitration (37.5%), while attorneys have a strong preference towards a standard courtroom venue (57.2%). With over two decades of experience with successful implementation of a no-fault obstetrical mal- practice model, Florida has a strong foundation for further bold experimentation. In addition, because of its large population size, the potential for a pilot study expanding the scope ofclinical practice coverage is promising. Further study and experi- mental models should be considered as possible next steps to explore in Florida

Gradual Change In Human Tooth Size In The Late Pleistocene And Post‐Pleistocene

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137561/1/evo05847.pd