Retrospective evaluation of the seasonality of canine tetanus in England (2006-2017):49 dogs

Objective To evaluate the seasonality of canine tetanus in England.Methods Medical records of a single referral hospital in England were reviewed. Dogs diagnosed with localized or generalized tetanus between January 2006 and June 2017 were studied.Results Forty-nine cases were included. The prevalence of tetanus in England was significantly higher in the winter when compared with the summer (P = 0.002) and autumn (P = 0.024), with the highest number of cases recorded in February.Conclusions The prevalence of canine tetanus in England was significantly higher in winter months, especially in February

Vestibular disease in dogs under UK primary veterinary care: Epidemiology and clinical management

Background Vestibular disease (VD), central or peripheral, can be a dramatic primary‐care presentation. Current literature describes mostly dogs examined in referral centers. Hypothesis/Objectives Describe the prevalence, presentation, clinical management, and outcomes of VD in dogs under primary veterinary care at UK practices participating in VetCompass. Animals Seven hundred and fifty‐nine vestibular cases identified out of 905 544 study dogs. Methods Retrospective cohort study. Potential VD cases clinically examined during 2016 were verified by reviewing clinical records for signalment, presenting clinical signs, treatments, and outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with VD. Results The overall prevalence of VD was 8 per 10 000 dogs (95% CI = 7‐9). Median age at first diagnosis was 12.68 years (interquartile range [IQR], 11.28‐14.64). Compared with crossbreeds, breeds with the highest odds of VD diagnosis included French Bulldogs (odds ratio [OR] = 9.25, 95% CI = 4.81‐17.76, P  < .001), Bulldogs (OR = 6.53, 95% CI = 2.66‐16.15, P  < .001), King Charles Spaniels (OR = 4.96, 95% CI = 2.52‐9.78, P  < .001), Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (OR = 3.56, 95% CI = 2.50‐5.06, P  < .001), and Springer Spaniels (OR = 3.37, 95% CI = 2.52‐4.52, P  < .001). The most common presenting signs were head tilt (69.8%), nystagmus (68.1%), and ataxia (64.5%). The most frequently used treatments were antiemetics (43.2%), systemic glucocorticoids (33.1%), antimicrobials (25%), and propentofylline (23.25%). There were 3.6% of cases referred. Improvement was recorded in 41.8% cases after a median of 4 days (IQR, 2‐10.25). Conclusions Our study identifies strong breed predispositions for VD. The low referral rates suggest that primary‐care data sources offer more generalizable information for benchmarking to help clinicians review their own clinical activities

Clinical and clinicopathological features and outcomes of cats with suspected dietary induced pancytopenia

Background: After a strong epidemiological link to diet was established in an outbreak of pancytopenia in cats in spring 2021 in the United Kingdom, 3 dry diets were recalled. Concentrations of the hemato- and myelotoxic mycotoxins T-2, HT-2 and diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) greater than the European Commission guidance for dry cat foods were detected in the recalled diets. Objectives: To describe clinical and clinicopathological findings in cats diagnosed with suspected diet induced pancytopenia. Animals: Fifty cats presenting with pancytopenia after exposure to a recalled diet. Methods: Multicenter retrospective case series study. Cats with known exposure to 1 of the recalled diets were included if presented with bi- or pancytopenia and underwent bone marrow examination. Results: Case fatality rate was 78%. Bone marrow aspirates and biopsy examination results were available in 23 cats; 19 cats had a bone marrow aspirate, and 8 cats had a biopsy core, available for examination. Bone marrow hypo to aplasia—often affecting all cell lines—was the main feature in all 31 available core specimens. A disproportionately pronounced effect on myeloid and megakaryocytic cells was observed in 19 cats. Myelofibrosis or bone marrow necrosis was not a feature. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Mycotoxin induced pancytopenia should be considered as differential diagnosis in otherwise healthy cats presenting with bi- or pancytopenia and bone marrow hypo- to aplasia

Retrospective evaluation of the seasonality of canine tetanus in England (2006-2017): 49 dogs.

Objective&nbsp;To evaluate the seasonality of canine tetanus in England.Methods&nbsp;Medical records of a single referral hospital in England were reviewed. Dogs diagnosed with localized or generalized tetanus between January 2006 and June 2017 were studied.Results&nbsp;Forty-nine cases were included. The prevalence of tetanus in England was significantly higher in the winter when compared with the summer (P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.002) and autumn (P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.024), with the highest number of cases recorded in February.Conclusions&nbsp;The prevalence of canine tetanus in England was significantly higher in winter months, especially in February

Randomized double-blinded clinical trial on acute transfusion reactions in dogs receiving leukoreduced versus nonleukoreduced packed red blood cells

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Uterine rupture and septic peritonitis following dystocia and assisted delivery in a Great Dane bitch

A Great Dane bitch was treated for presumed primary uterine inertia with repeated doses of oxytocin and manually assisted whelping. She was diagnosed with uterine rupture and septic peritonitis the following day. The uterine rupture is hypothesized to have occurred as a result of the management strategy used to treat dystocia. The dog underwent ovariohysterectomy, and the septic peritonitis was managed with open peritoneal drainage. The dog recovered well and was discharged 5 days later. No previous reports of canine uterine rupture associated with manual intervention appear to have been published. This report highlights the potential dangers involved in such an approach.</jats:p

Association of Veterinary Hematology and Transfusion Medicine (AVHTM) Transfusion Reaction Small Animal Consensus Statement (TRACS). Part 1: Definitions and clinical signs

Objective To use a systematic, evidence‐based consensus process to develop definitions for transfusion reactions in dogs and cats. Design Evidence evaluation of the literature was carried out for identified transfusion reaction types in dogs and cats. Reaction definitions were generated based on synthesis of human and veterinary literature. Consensus on the definitions was achieved through Delphi‐style surveys. Draft recommendations were made available through industry specialty listservs and comments were incorporated. Results Definitions with imputability criteria were developed for 14 types of transfusion reactions. Conclusions The evidence review and consensus process resulted in definitions that can be used to facilitate future veterinary transfusion reaction research