Bufo retiformis

Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyGeological Science

Bufo kelloggi

Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyGeological Science

Non-collinearity in di-jet fragmentation in electron-positron scattering

We study fragmentation in electron-positron annihilation assuming a di-jet situation, using variables defined independent of any frame. In a collinear situation some of the variables are centered around zero with the small deviations attributed to intrinsic transverse momenta and large deviations attributed to additional hard subprocesses. Of course there is a gradual transition. Our modest goal is to show that covariantly defined variables are well suited to get a feeling for the magnitude of intrinsic transverse momenta.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figures, several minor correction

Human responses to disasters: a pilot study on peritraumatic emotional and cognitive processing

This research article presents the qualitative development and cross-cultural pilot testing of a new instrument measuring emotional and cognitive processing during disasters. The instrument was developed according to a theoretical framework based on narratives from survivors of different types of disaster across Europe. Peritraumatic emotions and cognitions were assessed at three different stages of a disaster. The pilot study consisted of 311 participants responding to the questionnaire using scenario versions of disasters as well as 25 survivors working through the questionnaire using their experiences of real disasters. Both types of analysis were performed across seven countries. Differences in emotions and cognitions during the course of a disaster were displayed. Also, gender, the type of scenario participants were allocated to, and professional experience of emergencies led to differences in item response. As there was little difference between survivors’ and scenario participants’ responses, the use of a scenario in order to test pilot forms of questionnaires for purposive samples with certain characteristics such as limited sizes or access can be supported. For future research, the instrument should be field tested. It is envisaged it will be beneficial for a cross-cultural understanding of the influence of peritraumatic emotions and cognitions not only on posttraumatic psychological outcomes but also on related behavioural responses displayed during disasters

Dipsosaurus, D. dorsalis

Number of Pages: 6Integrative BiologyGeological Science

Analytic Criteria for Power Exhaust in Divertors due to Impurity Radiation

Present divertor concepts for next step experiments such ITER and TPX rely upon impurity and hydrogen radiation to transfer the energy from the edge plasma to the main chamber and divertor chamber walls. The efficiency of these processes depends strongly on the heat flux, the impurity species, and the connection length. Using a database for impurity radiation rates constructed from the ADPAK code package, we have developed criteria for the required impurity fraction, impurity species, connection length and electron temperature and density at the mid-plane. Consistent with previous work, we find that the impurity radiation from coronal equilibrium rates is, in general, not adequate to exhaust the highest expected heating powers in present and future experiments. As suggested by others, we examine the effects of enhancing the radiation rates with charge exchange recombination and impurity recycling, and develop criteria for the minimum neutral fraction and impurity recycling rate that is required to exhaust a specified power. We also use this criteria to find the optimum impurity for divertor power exhaust.Comment: Preprint for the 11th PSI meeting, Adobe pdf with 14 figures, 15 page

Short-Interval Averages of Sums of Fourier Coefficients of Cusp Forms

Let $f$ be a weight $k$ holomorphic cusp form of level one, and let $S_f(n)$ denote the sum of the first $n$ Fourier coefficients of $f$. In analogy with Dirichlet's divisor problem, it is conjectured that $S_f(X) \ll X^{\frac{k-1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} + \epsilon}$. Understanding and bounding $S_f(X)$ has been a very active area of research. The current best bound for individual $S_f(X)$ is $S_f(X) \ll X^{\frac{k-1}{2} + \frac{1}{3}} (\log X)^{-0.1185}$ from Wu. Chandrasekharan and Narasimhan showed that the Classical Conjecture for $S_f(X)$ holds on average over intervals of length $X$. Jutila improved this result to show that the Classical Conjecture for $S_f(X)$ holds on average over short intervals of length $X^{\frac{3}{4} + \epsilon}$. Building on the results and analytic information about $\sum \lvert S_f(n) \rvert^2 n^{-(s + k - 1)}$ from our recent work, we further improve these results to show that the Classical Conjecture for $S_f(X)$ holds on average over short intervals of length $X^{\frac{2}{3}}(\log X)^{\frac{1}{6}}$.Comment: To Appear in the Journal of Number Theor