Tooth Detection on Jaw 3D Computer Polygonal Model

Tato práce se zabývá návrhem a implementací algoritmů pro detekci zubů na 3D polygonálním modelu čelisti. Postupně zde popisuji možné způsoby detekce tvarů na počítačovém modelu, včetně jejich využití na konkrétním 3D modelu čelisti. Dále zde probírám problematiku filtrace takto získaných segmentů, aby byly spolehlivě odděleny regiony zubního oblouku a zbytku čelisti. Všechny tyto poznatky poté použiji pro tvorbu cílové aplikace. Zde je možnost výběru ze dvou uživatelských nabídek, jedné jako jednoduchého uživatelského prostředí, kde demonstruji možné použití v praxi, druhé pak testovací, která umožňuje demonstraci použitých filtrů a jejich vliv na detekci. Program je psaný v jazyce C++ ve vývojovém prostředí MS Visual Studio 2005 a přeložen pod jeho interním kompilátorem. Testován byl pod OS MS Windows XP a MS Windows Vista.  This document discusses a concept and implementation of algorithms for teeth detection on 3D polygonal jaw model. At first, I describe possible shape detection techniques on three dimensional computer model, including utilization just in my case. After it, I analyze filtration problems of obtained model segments in order to reliably separate regions of tooth-arch from the rest of jaw. I included all these pieces of knowledge into a final application. Here, it is possible to choose from two user interfaces, first, classic user interface which demonstrates possible utilization in real world and second, testing interface which demonstrates functions of each detection and filtration method used in program and their effect on detection. Application is written in C++ language in development environment of MS Visual Studio 2005 and compiled with MS VS internal compiler. Tested was under MS Windows XP and MS Windows Vista OS. 

Students Who Have Unsuccessfully Studied in the Past – Analysis of Causes

With the increase in the number of university students, the number of those who do not finish successfully the tertiary education is also increasing. The article uses a specific data source and analyses only a part of the group of unsuccessful students who re-enroll. This is a specific group of students - they did not finish the tertiary study in the past, but after some time they returned to education. The aim of the paper is to find significant factors that influence the decision whether the student changes the studied school or field of study. Factors will be searched using decision trees and binary logistic regression. Both methods were significant for gender and the fact that a student is studying his preferred university. Logistic regression adds to the student's health disadvantage. The data were obtained from the EUROSTUDENT survey, which was held in the Czech Republic in 2016 under the auspices of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. The results can be used to identify a risky candidate or student at the beginning of tertiary education

Vegetative sprouting as an additional pathway for a seed size-number trade-off: a field-parameterised simulation approach

Studies of perennial plants generally search for a seed size vs. seed number trade-off. Surprisingly, the fact that perennials may replace an investment in large seeds by the allocation to vegetative propagation has not yet been investigated as an additional pathway enabling species coexistence. We focused on the mechanisms of coexistence in Carex elata and C. elongata, two co-occurring clonal sedges dominant in European swamp alder forests. We asked the following questions: i) Is the number of germinated seeds a better predictor of species coexistence than the total number of seeds? ii) What recruitment conditions and competition rules determine vegetative sprouting to be an alternative to large, competitively superior seeds? We measured several species functional traits related to the colonisation and fitness of perennials. To examine the competitive hierarchy between species and microsite species preferences, we analysed the effects of environmental factors and plant densities on fitness-related traits using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Then, using a series of spatially explicit simulations partly parameterised based on the field measurement, we evaluated the importance of seed and ramet propagation and recruitment conditions for long-term species coexistence. SEM indicated a competitive hierarchy and a large overlap in microsite preferences between species. As a response to our initial questions we found that: i) Only differences in the numbers of germinated seeds, allowed the two species to coexist. If we consider only differences in the total number of seeds, the superior competitor (Carex elata) outcompeted the inferior competitor (C. elongata) in all scenarios. This is because the former produced about three-times as many seeds as the latter. ii) We show that vegetative sprouting represents an additional pathway for the seed size-number trade-off when the competitive superiority of species is attributed to vegetative propagation. This is another way that a species deals with the omnipresent seeds of other species. Taken together, our study demonstrates that differences in seed performance, coupled with differences in vegetative propagation related to competitive ability, are an additional mechanism allowing the coexistence of perennial plants

Historical development of the language law and rights in the Czech Lands

298 Zusammenfassung Dissertationsarbeit "Geschichtliche Entwicklung des Sprachenrechtes in den böhmischen Ländern" hat sich als Ziel gesetzt, die Beziehung und das Verhältnis beider Hauptsprachen - Tschechisch und Deutsch - zu erforschen, die in den böhmischen Ländern seit Ankunft der ersten Bewohner böhmischen und deutschen Ursprungs gesprochen wurden. Die Arbeit befasst sich nicht mit den eigentlichen Sprachformen dieser Sprachen, sondern sie konzentriert sich auf das Verhältnis beider diesen Sprachen, Anfang ihrer Konkurrenz, ihren Einfluss in den böhmischen Ländern, Änderungen dieses Einflusses in der Zeit, und Konfrontation dieser Sprachen im Zusammenhang mit ihrem Verhältnis zu den Machthabern - Herrschern und ihren Höfen, Institutionen und Ämtern bei Verwaltung und Regierung der böhmischen Ländern. Die Arbeit verfolgt die ersten rechtlichen Regelungen - gesetzlich festgelegte Priorität der tschechischen Sprache in der Beziehung mit der deutschen Sprache in 1495 und 1615 und befasst sich auch ausführlich mit dem Verhältnis beider Sprachen nach dem Kampf auf dem Weisen Berg und Herausgabe der Verneuerten Landesordnung , ihrer formellen Gleichstellung, faktisch jedoch Rücktritt der tschechischen Sprache und ihrer Ersetzung durch die deutsche Sprache im Zusammenhang mit Wachstum der Habsburgermonarchie,..

Co je nového ve vzdělávání?

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Indicators and benchmarks as a tool of the EU education policy

Vladimír Hulík: Indikátory a benchmarky jako nástroj vzdělávací politiky EU 2 Abstract This Diploma Thesis focuses on the issue of indicators and benchmarks in the European education policy. Theoretical concepts linked with these questions are introduced in the first part - the theory of europeanization, open method of coordination, theory of benchmarking (especially focused on the public sector) and politics of indicators as a critical eye in this field. In the second part, the historical development of the European education policy is described and the growth of its importance during the last 20 years. Three iniciatives of the European education policy are identified in which the indicators and benchmarking methods are used. The last part aims to study mutual relations among indicators (for which the benchmarks are set) through the use of the correlation matrix (Pearson's correlation)