FOAL: Fine-grained Contrastive Learning for Cross-domain Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction

Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) has achieved promising results while relying on sufficient annotation data in a specific domain. However, it is infeasible to annotate data for each individual domain. We propose to explore ASTE in the cross-domain setting, which transfers knowledge from a resource-rich source domain to a resource-poor target domain, thereby alleviating the reliance on labeled data in the target domain. To effectively transfer the knowledge across domains and extract the sentiment triplets accurately, we propose a method named Fine-grained cOntrAstive Learning (FOAL) to reduce the domain discrepancy and preserve the discriminability of each category. Experiments on six transfer pairs show that FOAL achieves 6% performance gains and reduces the domain discrepancy significantly compared with strong baselines. Our code will be publicly available once accepted

Measuring Your ASTE Models in The Wild: A Diversified Multi-domain Dataset For Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction

Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) is widely used in various applications. However, existing ASTE datasets are limited in their ability to represent real-world scenarios, hindering the advancement of research in this area. In this paper, we introduce a new dataset, named DMASTE, which is manually annotated to better fit real-world scenarios by providing more diverse and realistic reviews for the task. The dataset includes various lengths, diverse expressions, more aspect types, and more domains than existing datasets. We conduct extensive experiments on DMASTE in multiple settings to evaluate previous ASTE approaches. Empirical results demonstrate that DMASTE is a more challenging ASTE dataset. Further analyses of in-domain and cross-domain settings provide promising directions for future research. Our code and dataset are available at https://github.com/NJUNLP/DMASTE.Comment: 15pages, 5 figures, ACL202

Effects of Clinostat Culture on Morphology and Gene Expression of MLO-Y4 Osteocyte-Like Cells

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 2D clinostat-simulated weightlessness on biological characteristics of MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells. MLO-Y4 cells were incubated for 24 h and rotated using a 2D clinostat for 2 h. The bioeffects of clinostat culture on cellular morphology, cytoskeleton, and gene expression were investigated. The results show that 2D clinostat-simulated weightlessness induce actin cytoskeleton rearrangement, but unaffected the cellular morphology and number of processes/cell. Also, after 2 h of clinostat culture, expression of RANKL and IL-6 decreased by 19%±5% and 20%±4%, respectively, while cox-2 level increased by 65%±8%. These results provide some clue to explore the cellular mechanism of bone loss caused by weightlessness

Oscillatory fluid flow elicits changes in morphology, cytoskeleton and integrin-associated molecules in MLO-Y4 cells, but not in MC3T3-E1 cells

Interstitial fluid flow stress is one of the most important mechanical stimulations of bone cells under physiological conditions. Osteocytes and osteoblasts act as primary mechanosensors within bones, and in vitro are able to respond to fluid shear stress, both morphologically and functionally. However, there is little information about the response of integrin-associated molecules using both osteoblasts and osteocytes. In this study, we investigated the changes in response to 2 hours of oscillatory fluid flow stress in the MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cell line and the MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cell line. MLO-Y4 cells exhibited a significant increase in the expression of integrin-associated molecules, including OPN, CD44, vinculin and integrin avp3. However, there was no or limited increase observed in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells. Cell area and fiber stress formation were also markedly promoted by fluid flow only in MLO-Y4 cells. But the numbers of processes per cell remain unaffected in both cell lines

Connexin 43 hemichannels and prostaglandin E2 release in anabolic function of the skeletal tissue to mechanical stimulation

Bone adapts to changes in the physical environment by modulating remodeling through bone resorption and formation to maintain optimal bone mass. As the most abundant connexin subtype in bone tissue, connexin 43 (Cx43)-forming hemichannels are highly responsive to mechanical stimulation by permitting the exchange of small molecules (<1.2 kDa) between bone cells and the extracellular environment. Upon mechanical stimulation, Cx43 hemichannels facilitate the release of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2), a vital bone anabolic factor from osteocytes. Although most bone cells are involved in mechanosensing, osteocytes are the principal mechanosensitive cells, and PGE2 biosynthesis is greatly enhanced by mechanical stimulation. Mechanical stimulation-induced PGE2 released from osteocytic Cx43 hemichannels acts as autocrine effects that promote β-catenin nuclear accumulation, Cx43 expression, gap junction function, and protects osteocytes against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in cultured osteocytes. In vivo, Cx43 hemichannels with PGE2 release promote bone formation and anabolism in response to mechanical loading. This review summarizes current in vitro and in vivo understanding of Cx43 hemichannels and extracellular PGE2 release, and their roles in bone function and mechanical responses. Cx43 hemichannels could be a significant potential new therapeutic target for treating bone loss and osteoporosis

Self-Catalyzed AlGaAs Nanowires and AlGaAs/GaAs Nanowire-Quantum Dots on Si Substrates

[Image: see text] Self-catalyzed AlGaAs nanowires (NWs) and NWs with a GaAs quantum dot (QD) were monolithically grown on Si(111) substrates via solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. This growth technique is advantageous in comparison to the previously employed Au-catalyzed approach, as it removes Au contamination issues and renders the structures compatible with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology applications. Structural studies reveal the self-formation of an Al-rich AlGaAs shell, thicker at the NW base and thinning towards the tip, with the opposite behavior observed for the NW core. Wide alloy fluctuations in the shell region are also noticed. AlGaAs NW structures with nominal Al contents of 10, 20, and 30% have strong room temperature photoluminescence, with emission in the range of 1.50–1.72 eV. Individual NWs with an embedded 4.9 nm-thick GaAs region exhibit clear QD behavior, with spatially localized emission, both exciton and biexciton recombination lines, and an exciton line width of 490 μeV at low temperature. Our results demonstrate the properties and behavior of the AlGaAs NWs and AlGaAs/GaAs NWQDs grown via the self-catalyzed approach for the first time and exhibit their potential for a range of novel applications, including nanolasers and single-photon sources

Collaborative collection effort strategies based on “Internet + recycling” business model

"Internet + recycling", a new and emerging collecting mode, is booming in conjunction with widespread Internet use in China. For the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), this paper studies collaborative collection effort strategies in a collection system consisting of a third-party and an e-tailer based on the "Internet + recycling" business model. Considering the collaboration occurring during collecting and selling and mutual influences of partners on the recycling of old products, the paper applies collection effort cost sharing mechanisms to promote recycling. Four models, namely, the centralized model (C-Model), unit transfer price model (P-Model), unilateral cost sharing model (U-Model) and bilateral cost sharing model (B-Model), are established, and optimal decisions and members' profits in various collaborative models are derived and compared. The results show that there exists an interval of profit sharing proportions in which each of the two cost sharing models is a Pareto improvement of the P-Model, and the total collection volume and profit of the collecting system increase in the B-Model relative to those in the U-Model under the same proportion of profit sharing. However, the B-Model is not necessarily a Pareto improvement of the U-Model. The results also show that profit improvements of both parties can be achieved without the third-party sharing the e-tailer's collection effort cost in the B-Model when the collaborative marginal profit is large enough. The paper further explores the impact of the collaborative marginal profit and third-party's market influence on the total collection volume and the efficiency of the collecting system. This study provides insight into the promotion of WEEE recycling and into the selection of collaborative strategies for Internet recycling enterprises. The work will prove beneficial to the development of the WEEE "Internet + recycling" industry

A Novel Tone Mapping Method for High Dynamic Range Image by Incorporating Edge-Preserving Filter Into Method Based on Retinex

A tone mapping method for high dynamic range image is proposed to prevent the halo artifacts, which is easy to be produced in traditional method based on the Retinex theory in handling high dynamic range(HDR) image. Our method is based on the Retinex theory. The novelties of our method is first to employ a local edge-preserving filter for the estimation of the illumination, which can smooth out the small-scale details while the large-scale edges are retained. Second, the filter is incorporated into the method based on MSR algorithm, in which the Gaussian filter is replaced by this filter in order to prevent the halo artifacts and a multi-scale operation is applied for preserving more details. Finally, a post-processing step is adopted to compress the dynamic range and prevent the underexposure or overexposure. We tested our method on a variety of HDR images and compared it with other typical methods. The experimental results show that the proposed method can not only prevent the halo artifacts, but also can get higher contrast and more clearly details

simple power analysis attacks using chosen message against ecc hardware implementations

Chosen-message simple power analysis (SPA) attacks were powerful against public-key cryptosystem based on modular exponentiation, due to the special results of modular square and modular multiplication for input pair X and - X. However, the characteristics can not be applied to public-key cryptosystems based on scalar multiplications. This paper proposes novel chosen-message side-channel analysis attacks for public-key cryptosystems based on scalar multiplications, where special input point P is chosen close to X-axis to generate noticeable variations for point doubling and point addition. The proposed attack can be applied to all standard implementations of the binary algorithms, both for left-to-right and right-to-left methods. This chosen-message method can also circumvent typical countermeasures such as the double-and-add-always algorithm. © 2011 WorldCIS