The impact of responding to patient messages with large language model assistance

Documentation burden is a major contributor to clinician burnout, which is rising nationally and is an urgent threat to our ability to care for patients. Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, such as ChatGPT, could reduce clinician burden by assisting with documentation. Although many hospitals are actively integrating such systems into electronic medical record systems, AI chatbots utility and impact on clinical decision-making have not been studied for this intended use. We are the first to examine the utility of large language models in assisting clinicians draft responses to patient questions. In our two-stage cross-sectional study, 6 oncologists responded to 100 realistic synthetic cancer patient scenarios and portal messages developed to reflect common medical situations, first manually, then with AI assistance. We find AI-assisted responses were longer, less readable, but provided acceptable drafts without edits 58% of time. AI assistance improved efficiency 77% of time, with low harm risk (82% safe). However, 7.7% unedited AI responses could severely harm. In 31% cases, physicians thought AI drafts were human-written. AI assistance led to more patient education recommendations, fewer clinical actions than manual responses. Results show promise for AI to improve clinician efficiency and patient care through assisting documentation, if used judiciously. Monitoring model outputs and human-AI interaction remains crucial for safe implementation.Comment: 4 figures and tables in main, submitted for revie

AGGREGATION OF P-TERPHENYL ALONG WITH PMMA/SA AT THE LANGMUIR AND LANGMUIR–BLODGETT FILMS

Molecular aggregation and monolayer characteristics of non-amphiphilic p-terphenyl (TP) mixed with either polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or stearic acid (SA) at the air–water interface were investigated. The miscibility of the two components was evaluated by measuring and analyzing surface pressure versus area per molecule (π–A) isotherm. Both attractive and repulsive interactions between the sample (TP) and the matrix (PMMA or SA) were observed depending on the composition and microenvironment. TP and PMMA/SA were not completely miscible in the mixed monolayer. Aggregation and phase separation between sample TP and matrix molecule were revealed by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopic studies and confirmed by scanning electron micrograph of Langmuir–Blodgett films.Langmuir monolayer, π–A isotherm, miscibility, SEM

Pooch: A friend to fetch your data files

Scientific software is usually created to acquire, analyze, model, and visualize data. As such, many software libraries include sample datasets in their distributions for use in documentation, tests, benchmarks, and workshops. A common approach is to include smaller datasets in the GitHub repository directly and package them with the source and binary distributions (e.g., scikit-learn (Pedregosa et al., 2011) and scikit-image (Van der Walt et al., 2014) do this). As data files increase in size, it becomes unfeasible to store them in GitHub repositories. Thus, larger datasets require writing code to download the files from a remote server to the user’s computer. The same problem is faced by scientists using version control to manage their research projects. While downloading a data file over HTTPS can be done easily with modern Python libraries, it is not trivial to manage a set of files, keep them updated, and check for corruption. For example, scikit-learn (Pedregosa et al., 2011), Cartopy (Met Office, n.d.), and PyVista (Sullivan & Kaszynski, 2019) all include code dedicated to this particular task. Instead of scientists and library authors recreating the same code, it would be best to have a minimalistic and easy to set up tool for fetching and maintaining data files.Fil: Uieda, Leonardo. University of Liverpool; Reino UnidoFil: Soler, Santiago Rubén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Geofísico Sismológico Volponi; ArgentinaFil: Rampin, Rémi. University of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Kemenade, Hugo van. No especifíca;Fil: Turk, Matthew. University of Illinois. Urbana - Champaign; Estados UnidosFil: Shapero, Daniel. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Banihirwe, Anderson. National Center for Atmospheric Research; Estados UnidosFil: Leeman, John. Leeman Geophysical; Estados Unido

ADSORPTION OF PROTAMINE AND PAPAIN PROTEINS ON SAPONITE

Due to the increased importance of bionanocomposites, protamine and papain proteins were adsorbed on Na+ and on Cs+-exchanged saponite from aqueous solution. protein analysis of equilibrium solutions and thermogravimetric analyses of biocomposites were used to prepare adsorption isotherms, Based on the isotherm shape, and on the amounts of protein adsorbed and the amounts of Na+ and Cs+ released, the initial protein sorption apparently was due to ion exchange. Additional sorbed protein was weakly retained and could be removed by washing with water. From ion exchange, the average charge of the protamine adsorbed was estimated to be +13.1 to +13.5, Similar papain measurements could not be made due to partial decomposition. Quantitatively, protamine was adsorbed at levels Lip to 400 mg/g on Na+-saponite and 200 mg/g on Cs+-saponite. The maximum protamine adsorption was 650 to 700 mg/g for Na+-saponite and 350-400 mg/g for Cs+-saponite. Protamine was sorbed to edge surfaces and the basal spacing of the interlamellar region of saponite was 1.75 nm. Protamine displaced only 36% of the Cs+ in Cs+-saponite and expanded the interlamellar region by 36% for a basal spacing of 1.6 nm. Papain sorption to Na+-saponite occurred by a two-step process: (1) adsorption to saponite particle external surfaces Followed, (2) by partial intercalation. Quantitatively, Papain was adsorbed up to 100 mg/g for Na+- and Cs+-saponite. Greater initial papain concentrations resulted in a 450 mg/g maximum for Na+-saponite, but no increase above 100 mg/g for Cs+-saponite. Papain apparently only sorbed to external Cs+-saponite Surfaces that were estimated to be 33-40 m(2)/g. Step-wisc thermal decomposition of the saponitc-protein composites occurred between 300 and 800 degrees C

Efficient Havinga–Kondepudi resolution of conglomerate amino acid derivatives by slow cooling and abrasive grinding

The complete resolution of the conglomerate racemates of two amino acid derivatives susceptible to racemization in solution was achieved by slow crystallization from a supersaturated solution accompanied by cooling and abrasive grinding.

Emergence of a Single Solid Chiral State from a Nearly Racemic Amino Acid Derivative

Item does not contain fulltext2 p