Computer-aided display control Final report

Human composition and modification of computer driven cathode ray tube displa

Erupciones Volcánicas de la Cuenca de México y sus effectos en poblaciones humanas tempranas del Pleistoceno Superior-Holoceno Temprano.

La Cuenca de México esta situada a una altura de 2,500 metros y se localiza dentro del Eje Volcánico Transmexicano. Todas las montañas que rodean a la Cuenca son de origen volcánico. En particular 3 erupciones volcánicas importantes de tipo Pliniano produjeron depósitos volcánicos asociados con cenizas volcánicas “marcadoras” en la Cuenca producidas durante la transición del Pleistoceno Superior – Holoceno Temprano. Estas son: 1) Gran Ceniza Basáltica, producida por la Sierra de Santa Catarina, con una edad de 28,600 años; 2) Pómez con Andesita producida por el Volcán Popocatépetl hace14,600 años 3) Pómez Toluca Superior (Tripatita) producida por el Volcán Nevado de Toluca, hace 10,500 años. Durante este intervalo de tiempo se tienen fechados varios sitios Paleoindios con la presencia tanto de esqueletos humanos embebidos en ceniza volcánica asociada con la Pómez Toluca Superior (Hombre del Metro Balderas), asi como sitios con megafauna asociada con lahares (flujos de lodo volcánico) en el sitio de Mamuts de Tocuila. Las erupciones volcánicas tuvieron un impacto muy importante tanto en el medio ambiente de la Cuenca asi como en las poblaciones humanas Paleoindias y la megafauna asociada (mamuts, camellos, caballos, gliptodontes) durante la transición del Pleistoceno-Holoceno Temprano

Erupciones Volcánicas de la Cuenca de México y sus effectos en poblaciones humanas tempranas del Pleistoceno Superior-Holoceno Temprano.

La Cuenca de Mexico esta situada a una altura de 2,500 metros y se localiza dentro del Eje Volcánico Transmexicano. Todas las montañas que rodean la Cuenca son de origen volcánico. En particular 3 erupciones volcánicas de tipo Pliniano produjeron depósitos volcanicos asociados con cenizas volcánicas marcadoras en la Cuenca producidas durante la transición del Pleistoceno-Holoceno Superior. Estas son: 1) Gran Ceniza Basáltica, producida por la Sierra de Santa Catarina, con una edad de 28,600 años; 2) Pómez con Andesita producida por el Volcán Popocatépetl hace14,600 años y 3) Pómez Toluca Superior (Tripatita) producida por el Volcán Nevado de Toluca, hace 10,500 años. Durante este intervalo de tiempo se tienen fechados, varios sitios Paleoindios con la presencia tanto de esqueletos humanos embebidos en ceniza volcánica asociada con la Pomez Toluca Superior (Hombre del Metro Balderas), asi como sitios con megafauna asociada con lahares (flujos de lodo volcánico) en los sitios de Mamutes de Tocuila. Las erupciones volcanicas han tenido un impacto muy importante tanto en el medio ambiente de la Cuenca asi como en las poblaciones humanas Paleoindias y la megafauna asociada (mamutes, camellos, gliptodontes) durante la transición del Pleistoceno-Holoceno Superior

Five Younger Dryas black mats in Mexico and their stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental context

The Younger Dryas interval (YD) was a period of widespread, abrupt climate change that occurred between 12,900 and 11,700 cal yr BP (10,900–10,000 14 C BP). Many sites in the Northern Hemisphere preserve a sedimentary record across the onset of the YD interval, including sites investigated in sedimentary basins located in central Mexico (Chapala, Cuitzeo, Acambay), the Basin of Mexico (Tocuila), and northern Mexico (El Cedral). Deposits consist of lacustrine or marginal lake sediments that were deposited during the Pleistocene and the Holocene. At the Tocuila and Acambay sites, Pleistocene fossil vertebrate assemblages, mainly mammoths (Mammuthus columbi), are found in association with a distinctive organic layer, sometimes called the black mat that formed during the YD. At the Chapala, Cuitzeo, Acambay, and Tocuila sites the black mats contain a suite of distinctive microscopic and mineralogical signatures and are accompanied by a sharp change in the depositional environments as supported by diatom and pollen studies reported here. The signatures include magnetic, Fe-rich microspherules, silica melted droplets with aerodynamic shapes (tektites), large amounts of charcoal, and sometimes nanodiamonds (Cuitzeo), all of which were deposited at the onset of the YD. The geochemistry of the microspherules indicates that they are not anthropogenic, authigenic or of cosmic or volcanic origin, and instead, were produced by melting and quenching of terrestrial sediments. Here, we present the stratigraphy at five field sites, the analyses of magnetic microspherules, including major element composition and scanning electron microscopy images. All of these materials are associated with charcoal and soot, which are distinctive stratigraphic markers for the YD layer at several sites in Mexico. © 2017 Springer Science+Business Media B.V

Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the evaluation of germ cell tumours at relapse

Differentiation of active disease from fibrosis/mature teratoma in patients with residual masses or identifying of sites of recurrence in patients with raised markers following treatment of their testicular cancer remains a problem.18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has the potential to identify active disease and thereby influence further management in these patients. We performed a retrospective study of the use of FDG-PET in detecting residual/recurrent testicular carcinoma in 55 patients (seventy FDG-PET scans). Forty-seven scans were for the assessment of residual masses (18 had raised markers) and 23 scans were for the investigation of raised markers in the presence of normal CT scans. True positive results were based on positive histology or clinical follow-up. FDG-PET had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 96% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 90% in patients with residual masses. This PPV was equivalent to that of markers (94%) but FDG-PET had the advantage of identifying the site of that recurrence. The NPV was higher than that of markers. In patients with raised markers alone the PPV of FDG-PET was 92% but the NPV was only 50%. However, subsequent FDG-PET imaging was frequently the first imaging modality to identify the site of disease. FDG-PET effected a management change in 57% of cases. FDG-PET scanning detected viable tumour in residual masses and identified sites of disease in suspected recurrence. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaig

Cumulative Burden of Morbidity Among Testicular Cancer Survivors After Standard Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy: A Multi-Institutional Study

Purpose In this multicenter study, we evaluated the cumulative burden of morbidity (CBM) among > 1,200 testicular cancer survivors and applied factor analysis to determine the co-occurrence of adverse health outcomes (AHOs). Patients and Methods Participants were ≤ 55 years of age at diagnosis, finished first-line chemotherapy ≥ 1 year previously, completed a comprehensive questionnaire, and underwent physical examination. Treatment data were abstracted from medical records. A CBM score encompassed the number and severity of AHOs, with ordinal logistic regression used to assess associations with exposures. Nonlinear factor analysis and the nonparametric dimensionality evaluation to enumerate contributing traits procedure determined which AHOs co-occurred. Results Among 1,214 participants, approximately 20% had a high (15%) or very high/severe (4.1%) CBM score, whereas approximately 80% scored medium (30%) or low/very low (47%). Increased risks of higher scores were associated with four cycles of either ifosfamide, etoposide, and cisplatin (odds ratio [OR], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.04 to 3.71) or bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.98), older attained age (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.26), current disability leave (OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.57 to 7.95), less than a college education (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.87), and current or former smoking (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.63). CBM score did not differ after either chemotherapy regimen ( P = .36). Asian race (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.72) and vigorous exercise (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.89) were protective. Variable clustering analyses identified six significant AHO clusters (χ2 P < .001): hearing loss/damage, tinnitus (OR, 16.3); hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes (OR, 9.8); neuropathy, pain, Raynaud phenomenon (OR, 5.5); cardiovascular and related conditions (OR, 5.0); thyroid disease, erectile dysfunction (OR, 4.2); and depression/anxiety, hypogonadism (OR, 2.8). Conclusion Factors associated with higher CBM may identify testicular cancer survivors in need of closer monitoring. If confirmed, identified AHO clusters could guide the development of survivorship care strategies