Physiological Value of Heart Rate, Respiration and Rectal Temperature of Wild-Captive Dugong (Dugong dugon)–A Case Study in Lingayan Island

This study aims to obtain the physiological value of dugongs that live in natural habitats (in-situ) as protected wildlife, namely on the coast of Lingayan Island, Toli-Toli Regency. Wild dugongs caught on the beach were put into a net cage. After 14 days of living in a beach cage, measurements of heart rate, respiration, and body temperature were measured using non-invasive methods. This study showed that the value of heart rate, respiration, and body temperature were measured (80.00±17.32) beats/minutes, (17.33±6.80) inspiration/minute, and (32.75±0.07)°C. This physiological value is higher when compared to dugongs that live in captivity, this is likely due to the process of homeostasis through physiological adaptation mechanisms. The physiological value of the dugong is very important for the advancement of dugong animal health science and technology. Besides this finding can be a medical reference that is very useful for veterinarians in the diagnostic and therapeutic process

Perbandingan nilai fisiologis kardiorespirasi dan suhu rektal anjing kampung dewasa dan anak

Dog is man's favorite companion animal and they are also beneficial as an animal model in biomedical research. So far, the Indonesian native dog's physiological values for diagnostic or research purposes, was based on literature which differed in breeds, geography and age variety. Furthermore, there is little publication on Indonesian native's dog physiological value which emphasize on its age variety, specially its comparative study between adult and puppies. Comparative parameters which were used in this study were heart rate {HR), respiratory rate {RR), non-invasive blood pressure {NIBP) and rectal temperature {RT). The study utilized fifteen Indonesian native dogs. The result showed a significant {p< 0.05) higher HR's values on puppies to adult, which are 152.50±14.76 and 95.93±23.7 beat per minute), respectively, while the RT's were lower on puppies to adults {37.53±0.29 and 38.23±0.73 °C, respectively). The NIBP's values were significantly lower on puppies to adult, which are systole {83.93±13.29 Vs 129.68±24.45 mmHg), diastole {37.50±16.31 Vs 72.96±20.33 mmHg) and mean blood pressure values {58.21±13.30 Vs 91.82±24.34 mmHg). The insignificant result was found on RR values which are 26.50±7.93 and 28.21±14.34 for puppies and adult, respectively. The main reason for the differences in above parameters among puppies and adult can be defined by their metabolic rate and growth process

Perbandingan nilai fisiologis kardiorespirasi dan suhu rektal anjing kampung dewasa dan anak

Dog is man's favorite companion animal and they are also beneficial as an animal model in biomedical research. So far, the Indonesian native dog's physiological values for diagnostic or research purposes, was based on literature which differed in breeds, geography and age variety. Furthermore, there is little publication on Indonesian native's dog physiological value which emphasize on its age variety, specially its comparative study between adult and puppies. Comparative parameters which were used in this study were heart rate {HR), respiratory rate {RR), non-invasive blood pressure {NIBP) and rectal temperature {RT). The study utilized fifteen Indonesian native dogs. The result showed a significant {p< 0.05) higher HR's values on puppies to adult, which are 152.50±14.76 and 95.93±23.7 beat per minute), respectively, while the RT's were lower on puppies to adults {37.53±0.29 and 38.23±0.73 °C, respectively). The NIBP's values were significantly lower on puppies to adult, which are systole {83.93±13.29 Vs 129.68±24.45 mmHg), diastole {37.50±16.31 Vs 72.96±20.33 mmHg) and mean blood pressure values {58.21±13.30 Vs 91.82±24.34 mmHg). The insignificant result was found on RR values which are 26.50±7.93 and 28.21±14.34 for puppies and adult, respectively. The main reason for the differences in above parameters among puppies and adult can be defined by their metabolic rate and growth process

Dinamika profil hematologi dan rasio netrofil:limfosit monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis) pada pengaturan mikroklimat ruangan

The aim of this study was to obtain the profile of physiological hematology (erythrocyte, PCV, Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and leukocyte) and the profile of ratio between neutrophil and lymphocyte of long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in different microclimate conditions due to the room's temperature and humidity setting. The symptom of stress was also observed in this study. The research used 10 male macaques aged of 4 until 5 years old which placed in room temperature and humidity of 29,00±1,95°C and 79,52±1,57% respectively 7 days for adaptation period. Further more, the room temperature and humidity were set into 25,79±1,16°C and 80,19±9,05°/o during 14 days for treatment period. For the last treatment, macaques were reconditioned in room temperature and humidity of 29,00±1,95°( and 79,52±1,57°/o during 14 days for post-treatment period. Blood samplings were collected through femoralis vein on last day of adaptation period, continued with treatment and post-treatment periods as the day 1, 4, 7, 14, and 28. The results showed that there were not significant difference by room temperature and humidity setting to hematology and neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio. It could be proven by all parameters score obtained were still in normal ranges compared to literatures. There was also no stress symptom based on neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio measurement. Condition with room temperature and humidity of 25,79±1,16°C dan 80,19±9,05% regarded as the most suitable condition for long-tailed macaque'slife

Dinamika profil hematologi dan rasio netrofil:limfosit monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis) pada pengaturan mikroklimat ruangan

The aim of this study was to obtain the profile of physiological hematology (erythrocyte, PCV, Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and leukocyte) and the profile of ratio between neutrophil and lymphocyte of long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in different microclimate conditions due to the room's temperature and humidity setting. The symptom of stress was also observed in this study. The research used 10 male macaques aged of 4 until 5 years old which placed in room temperature and humidity of 29,00±1,95°C and 79,52±1,57% respectively 7 days for adaptation period. Further more, the room temperature and humidity were set into 25,79±1,16°C and 80,19±9,05°/o during 14 days for treatment period. For the last treatment, macaques were reconditioned in room temperature and humidity of 29,00±1,95°( and 79,52±1,57°/o during 14 days for post-treatment period. Blood samplings were collected through femoralis vein on last day of adaptation period, continued with treatment and post-treatment periods as the day 1, 4, 7, 14, and 28. The results showed that there were not significant difference by room temperature and humidity setting to hematology and neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio. It could be proven by all parameters score obtained were still in normal ranges compared to literatures. There was also no stress symptom based on neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio measurement. Condition with room temperature and humidity of 25,79±1,16°C dan 80,19±9,05% regarded as the most suitable condition for long-tailed macaque'slife

Granulovacuolar Degeneration in Brains of Senile Cynomolgus Monkeys

Neurons with histopathological changes consistent with granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) were found in brain sections from aged cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) with clinical and pathological signs of cognitive aging. To our knowledge, this is the first reported description of GVD in non-human primates. GVD-like lesions were found also in age-matched cognitively healthy subjects, albeit in lower numbers, suggesting that they may relate to aging and the increase may have tendency to increase with the memory deficits. The increased incidence of GVD-like lesions in memory-impaired subjects with pahological backgrounds of senile plaques (SPs) and tauopathy is, however, an interesting observation of relevance to the characterization of pathologies in the spontaneous cynomolgus monkey model of human Alzheimer’s type of brain pathology

Prevalence of Mcr-1 Colistin Resistance Gene in Escherichia Coli Along Broiler Meat Supply Chain in Indonesia

Colistin is the last drug choice for dealing with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; therefore, this drug is very crucial for human health. The discovery of a plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mobilized colistin resistance-1 (mcr-1), signals a significant global health threat. Colistin sulfate is an antimicrobial agent which has been approved for use in broilers in Indonesia. The purposes of this study were to measure the prevalence of colistin resistant E. coli and to detect the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene in E. coli, and E. coli O157:H7 in the entire supply chain of broilers in Bogor Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia. Samples were taken from flocks that use colistin sulfate (cloacal swabs, drinking water, and litters), small-scale poultry slaughterhouses (fresh meats and plucker swabs), traditional markets (fresh meats), and small restaurants (cooked meats). Isolation of E. coli was done on each sample and 493 isolates were obtained. All E. coli isolates were then tested for their susceptibility to colistin sulfate by the agar dilution method. Detection of mcr-1 gene from colistin resistant isolates (minimum inhibitory concentration > 2 µg/mL) was conducted using polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence of colistin resistant E. coli from all isolates was 11.76% (CI 95%; CL 9.21–14.91%), and the prevalence of mcr-1 gene was 10.55% (CI 95%; CL 8.13–13.57%). There was a very good agreement between colistin resistance phenotype and mcr-1 gene (ĸ = 0.939). The mcr-1 gene was found in 89.66% colistin resistant E. coli isolates. Two colistin resistance and mcr-1 carrying gene isolates were identified as E. coli O157:H7 serotype. This study was the first research on mcr-1 gene in Indonesia which covers the entire supply chain of broiler meat from farms to consumers. These results showed the necessity to emphasize a reduced use of colistin sulfate in broiler management and to improve biosecurity measure, not only in farms but also in the entire supply chain of broiler meat

Population Estimate of Long-Tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis) on Tinjil Island

Tinjil Island was established as a Natural Habitat Breeding Facility for long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in 1997. Between February 1998 and January 2007, 603 (61 males and 542 females) simian retrovirus (SRV) free long-tailed macaques were introduced to the island on the south coast of West Java and function as a primate resource and conservation program. To date, 3256 progenies have been harvested and used as the animal model. Therefore, it is necessary to survey the current population of the long-tailed macaques to evaluate whether the population is still under the island’s carrying capacity. This research aims to identify the population estimate of long-tailed macaques currently occupying the island. The observation was conducted in July 2021 using line transect sampling starting from 07.00 AM and 01.00 PM. Twelve observations were conducted during the study using CD and ES transects. CD (Chuck Darsono) and ES (Emil Salim) are the two longest trails on the island and represent the names of the people who initiated the captive breeding of Tinjil Island. The estimated group density of the long-tailed macaques on Tinjil Island is 13.46 groups/km2, while the estimated population density is 111.04 individuals/km2. The population estimated on the island is 627.38±23.53 individuals. The number indicates that the population is still under carrying capacity

PERBANDINGAN NILAI FISIOLOGIS KARDIORESPIRASI DAN SUHU REKTAL ANJING KAMPUNG DEWASA DAN ANAK

Dog is man’s favorite companion animal and they are also beneficial as an animal model in biomedical research. So far, the Indonesian native dog’s physiological values for diagnostic or research purposes, was based on literature which differed in breeds, geography and age variety. Furthermore, there is little publication on Indonesian native’s dog physiological value which emphasize on its age variety, specially its comparative study between adult and puppies. Comparative parameters which were used in this study were heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) and rectal temperature (RT). The study utilized fifteen Indonesian native dogs. The result showed a significant (p< 0.05) higher HR’s values on puppies to adult, which are 152.50±14.76 and 95.93±23.7 beat per minute), respectively, while the RT’s were lower on puppies to adults (37.53±0.29 and 38.23±0.73 oC, respectively). The NIBP’s values were significantly lower on puppies to adult, which are systole (83.93±13.29 Vs 129.68±24.45 mmHg), diastole (37.50±16.31 Vs 72.96±20.33 mmHg) and mean blood pressure values (58.21±13.30 Vs 91.82±24.34 mmHg). The insignificant result was found on RR values which are 26.50±7.93 and 28.21±14.34 for puppies and adult, respectively. The main reason for the differences in above parameters among puppies and adult can be defined by their metabolic rate and growth proces