Covariation patterns of Phytoplankton and Bacterioplankton in hypertrophic shallow lakes

The aim of this work was to assess the temporal patterns in the community composition of phytoplankton (PCC) and bacterioplankton (BCC) in two interconnected and hypertrophic Pampean shallow lakes in Argentina. Factors shaping their community dynamics and community temporal covariations were also analysed. We performed 4 years of seasonal samplings (2012-2016) and communities were studied by the Utermöhl approach (PCC) and Illumina MiSeq sequencing (BCC). We found marked seasonal variations in both communities and inter-annual variations with decreasing microbial community similarities during the study. We also observed covariation in community-level dynamics among PCC and BCC within and between shallow lakes. The within-lake covariations remained positive and significant, while controlling for the effects of intrinsic (environmental) and extrinsic (temporal and meteorological) factors, suggesting a community coupling mediated by intrinsic biotic interactions. Algal-bacterial associations between different taxa of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton within each lake were also found. PCC was mainly explained by pure regional extrinsic (17-21%) and intrinsic environmental (8-9%) factors, while BCC was explained by environmental (8-10%) and biotic interactions with phytoplankton (7-8%). Our results reveal that the influence of extrinsic regional factors can be channeled to bacterioplankton through both environmental (i.e. water temperature) and phytoplankton effects.Fil: Schiaffino, María Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Huber, Maria Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto Nacional de Limnología. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto Nacional de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Sagua, Mara Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Sabio y García, Carmen Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Reissig, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentin

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, en los municipios de Fusagasugá, Pasca, San Vicente del Caguán y Santa Marta

El proyecto de análisis de la imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, tiene como fin demostrar los impactos psicosociales del conflicto armado en el territorio colombiano, siendo que quienes se enfrentan a episodios traumáticos requieren de una especial atención y orientación no solo para el restablecimiento de sus derechos, sino además para forjar su proyecto de vida, el cual se ve interrumpido por situaciones circunstanciales que no le permiten desarrollarse plenamente y vivir en dignidad. A lo anterior, se genera el análisis del caso Modesto Pacaya, desde el cual se plantean una serie de preguntas circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas, con el objetivo de que el sujeto sea capaz desde sus recursos de afrontar y superar el estado de vulneración, para consiguientemente, analizar el caso de Peñas Coloradas, una comunidad campesina que se vio obligada a abandonar su territorio a causa de la mala práctica del estado y las fuerzas militares, dando respuesta a los emergentes psicosociales propios del proceso de la expropiación de tierras, así como estrategias integrales para la mejora de estos escenarios. Para finalmente, encontrar un informe reflexivo acerca del ejercicio foto voz, consolidado en los municipios de Fusagasugá, Pasca, San Vicente del Caguan, y la ciudad de Santa Marta, así como una página Wix, que da cuenta de una exposición de los resultados obtenidos, en miras a identificar tanto aspectos negativos como positivos de las comunidades, para solventar y mitigar desde la praxis psicológica los impactos del conflicto armado.The image and narrative analysis project as tools for psychosocial approach in scenarios of violence, aims to demonstrate the psychosocial impacts of the armed conflict in Colombia, whereas those facing traumatic events require special attention and guidance not only for the restoration of their rights, but also for shaping their life project, which is interrupted by circumstantial situations that do not allow it to develop fully and live in dignity. To the foregoing, the analysis of the Modesto Pacaya case is generated, from which a series of circular, thoughtful and strategic questions are posed, with the aim of making the subject capable from his resources of confronting and overcoming the state of violation, in order to consequently, to analyze the case of Peñas Coloradas, a peasant community that was forced to leave its territory due to the bad practice of the state and the military, responding to the emerging psychosocial processes of land expropriation, as well as comprehensive strategies for improving these scenarios. To finally find a reflective report about the exercise photo voice, consolidated in the municipalities of Fusagasuga, Pasca, San Vicente del Caguan, and the city of Santa Marta, as well as a Wix page, which gives an account of the results obtained, with a view to identifying both negative and positive aspects of the communities, to solve and mitigate the impacts of the armed conflict from the psychological praxis

Modulación de la microbiota intestinal de un niño obeso con cepas aisladas de leche materna

Una incorrecto desarrollo de la microbiota intestinal ha sido señalado como un factor temprano clave involucrado en la aparición de enfermedades metabólicas como obesidad y diabetes tipo 2, junto a otros factores como cesárea, alimentación inadecuada, sedentarismo y estrés. La intervención temprana en la obesidad infantil ha sido propuesta por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, en este sentido los probióticos y prebióticos han demostrado resultados prometedores mediante la modulación de la microbiota intestinal y sus metabólitos, como los ácidos grasos de cadena corta (AGCC) y los iones amonio. Modelos dinámicos in vitro del tracto gastrointestinal humano como el SHIME (Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem), permiten el estudio de nuevos probióticos. El SHIME es un sistema capaz de simular las condiciones fisiológicas de diferentes secciones del tracto gastrointestinal (estómago, duodeno y colon), permitiendo el análisis de la comunidad microbiana del colon. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el impacto de 2 cepas probióticas aisladas de leche materna, Lactobacillus plantarum 73A y Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis INL1, sobre la microbiota intestinal obtenida de un niño con obesidad utilizando el SHIME.Fil: Oddi, Sofia Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactología Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Lactología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Huber, Maria Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto Nacional de Limnología. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto Nacional de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Reinheimer, Jorge Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactología Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Lactología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Burns, Patricia Graciela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactología Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Lactología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Duque, Ana Luisa. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Vinderola, Celso Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactología Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Lactología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Sivieri, Katia. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilXV Congreso Argentino de Microbiología (CAM 2019); V Congreso Argentino de Microbiología de Alimentos (V CAMA); V Congreso Latinoamericano de Microbiología de Medicamentos y Cosméticos (CLAMME 2019); XIV Congreso Argentino de Microbiología General (XIV SAMIGE)ArgentinaAsociación Argentina de Microbiologí

The induction and function of the anti-inflammatory fate of TH17 cells

TH17 cells exemplify environmental immune adaptation: they can acquire both a pathogenic and an anti-inflammatory fate. However, it is not known whether the anti-inflammatory fate is merely a vestigial trait, or whether it serves to preserve the integrity of the host tissues. Here we show that the capacity of TH17 cells to acquire an anti-inflammatory fate is necessary to sustain immunological tolerance, yet it impairs immune protection against S. aureus. Additionally, we find that TGF-β signalling via Smad3/Smad4 is sufficient for the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, in TH17 cells. Our data thus indicate a key function of TH17 cell plasticity in maintaining immune homeostasis, and dissect the molecular mechanisms explaining the functional flexibility of TH17 cells with regard to environmental changes.Fil: Xu, Hao. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Agalioti, Theodora. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; AlemaniaFil: Zhao, Jun. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Steglich, Babett. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; AlemaniaFil: Wahib, Ramez. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; AlemaniaFil: Amezcua Vesely, Maria Carolina. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Bielecki, Piotr. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Bailis, Will. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Jackson, Ruaidhri. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Perez, Daniel. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; AlemaniaFil: Izbicki, Jakob. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; AlemaniaFil: Licona-Limón, Paula. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Kaartinen, Vesa. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; AlemaniaFil: Geginat, Jens. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; AlemaniaFil: Esplugues, Enric. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Tolosa, Eva. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Huber, Samuel. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Flavell, Richard A.. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Gagliani, Nicola. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Alemani

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Supplemental material in the ancillary file