30,442 research outputs found
Domestic Violence (DV) Screening
Domestic Violence (DV) is an understated yet significant source of morbidity and mortality for victims. Healthcare providers have a unique opportunity and responsibility to identify patients who may be victims of DV. A formal screening method for DV should be developed and routinely employed in local practices to address this issue.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/fmclerk/1518/thumbnail.jp
A comparison of three heuristics to choose the variable ordering for CAD
Cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD) is a key tool for problems in real
algebraic geometry and beyond. When using CAD there is often a choice over the
variable ordering to use, with some problems infeasible in one ordering but
simple in another. Here we discuss a recent experiment comparing three
heuristics for making this choice on thousands of examples
Direct Evidence from Spitzer for a low-luminosity AGN at the center of the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 315
We present the {\it Spitzer} Space Telescope InfraRed Array Camera (IRAC) and
Multiband Imaging Photometer (MIPS) observations of the elliptical galaxy NGC
315. After removal of the host galaxy's stellar emission, we detected for the
first time an infrared-red nucleus in NGC 315. We measured the spectral energy
distribution (SED) for this active nucleus with wavelength range covering from
radio to X-ray, and obtained the bolometric luminosity of , corresponding to an extremely low Eddington
ratio (L/L) of 4.97 10. Our results confirm that
the physical nature of the nucleus of NGC 315 is a low-luminosity AGN,
consistent with the recent optical and {\it Chandra} X-ray observations.Comment: 4 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
Quasi-ballistic electron transport in double-wall carbon nanotubes
Room-temperature quasi-ballistic electron transport in double-wall carbon
nanotubes (DWNT) is demonstrated. Conductance dependence on the length was
measured by submerging DWNTs into liquid mercury. The conductance plots show
plateaus, indicating weak dependence of the electrode-tube-electrode electrical
resistance on the length of the connecting nanotube. We infer a mean free path
between 0.6 and 10 micron meters for around 80% of the DWNTs, which is in good
agreement with calculations based on the electron scattering by acoustic
phonons and by disorder
Cardiotonic Modulation in Heart Failure Insights From Traditional Chinese Medicine∗
Medicinal herbs have been used over the past centuries for restoring the body's homeostatic balance. Contemporary use of herbal supplements remains widespread in many cultures as treatment for specific ailments. Many possess cardiovascular actions, and some interact with cardiac medications. However, there is variable scientific evidence with respect to their safety and efficacy, and few have been subjected to the same rigorous evaluation processes and regulations as contemporary pharmaceuticals (1). In the field of heart failure, we have also witnessed the failure of promising naturopathic therapies like hawthorn extract in translating their potential benefits in rigorous clinical trials (2,3)
Health and Nutrition in Vermont Children
Introduction. The AHA (American Heart Association) supports legislation in Ver- mont ensuring that restaurants’ children’s menu meals meet certain nutritional standards. This study investigated Vermont parents’ attitudes towards both dining at restaurants with their children and potential legislation to improve nutritional standards of restaurant food.
Methods. An anonymous 21-question survey for parents with children under age 18 was distributed electronically to local organizations via Facebook groups and email, and as paper questionnaires at the Community Health Center of Burlington. Questions probed parents’ overall attitudes surrounding their children’s health, habits pertaining to eating at restaurants, and attitudes towards legislation to ensure healthier options for kids at restaurants. Results were analyzed to look for dominant themes and determine differences between subgroups.
Results. 98% of survey participants agreed or strongly agreed that their children’s eating habits are important to them. When asked if they would support legislation to set nutrition standards on children’s menu meals in Vermont, 73% agreed or strongly agreed. Most survey participants eat at a restaurant once per week or less (95%). 53% of survey participants agreed or strongly agreed that there were enough restaurants with healthy kids’ meals in their area. Responses did not differ by county.
Conclusion. Vermont parents are concerned about their children’s diets and acknowledge connections between nutrition, obesity, and overall health. Parents favor restaurants providing more nutritional items on children’s menus and support the AHA’s proposed standards. Next steps include investigating any financial impact on restaurants and studying nutritional standards in school cafeterias in Vermont.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1257/thumbnail.jp
Transcriptional repression by ApiAP2 factors is central to chronic toxoplasmosis
Tachyzoite to bradyzoite development in Toxoplasma is marked by major changes in gene expression resulting in a parasite that expresses a new repertoire of surface antigens hidden inside a modified parasitophorous vacuole called the tissue cyst. The factors that control this important life cycle transition are not well understood. Here we describe an important transcriptional repressor mechanism controlling bradyzoite differentiation that operates in the tachyzoite stage. The ApiAP2 factor, AP2IV-4, is a nuclear factor dynamically expressed in late S phase through mitosis/cytokinesis of the tachyzoite cell cycle. Remarkably, deletion of the AP2IV-4 locus resulted in the expression of a subset of bradyzoite-specific proteins in replicating tachyzoites that included tissue cyst wall components BPK1, MCP4, CST1 and the surface antigen SRS9. In the murine animal model, the mis-timing of bradyzoite antigens in tachyzoites lacking AP2IV-4 caused a potent inflammatory monocyte immune response that effectively eliminated this parasite and prevented tissue cyst formation in mouse brain tissue. Altogether, these results indicate that suppression of bradyzoite antigens by AP2IV-4 during acute infection is required for Toxoplasma to successfully establish a chronic infection in the immune-competent host
Regularization strategy for the layered inversion of airborne TEM data: application to VTEM data acquired over the basin of Franceville (Gabon)
Airborne transient electromagnetic (TEM) is a cost-effective method to image
the distribution of electrical conductivity in the ground. We consider layered
earth inversion to interpret large data sets of hundreds of kilometre.
Different strategies can be used to solve this inverse problem. This consists
in managing the a priori information to avoid the mathematical instability and
provide the most plausible model of conductivity in depth. In order to obtain
fast and realistic inversion program, we tested three kinds of regularization:
two are based on standard Tikhonov procedure which consist in minimizing not
only the data misfit function but a balanced optimization function with
additional terms constraining the lateral and the vertical smoothness of the
conductivity; another kind of regularization is based on reducing the condition
number of the kernel by changing the layout of layers before minimizing the
data misfit function. Finally, in order to get a more realistic distribution of
conductivity, notably by removing negative conductivity values, we suggest an
additional recursive filter based upon the inversion of the logarithm of the
conductivity. All these methods are tested on synthetic and real data sets.
Synthetic data have been calculated by 2.5D modelling; they are used to
demonstrate that these methods provide equivalent quality in terms of data
misfit and accuracy of the resulting image; the limit essentially comes on
special targets with sharp 2D geometries. The real data case is from
Helicopter-borne TEM data acquired in the basin of Franceville (Gabon) where
borehole conductivity loggings are used to show the good accuracy of the
inverted models in most areas, and some biased depths in areas where strong
lateral changes may occur
Anisotropic molecular coarse-graining by force and torque matching with neural networks
We develop a machine-learning method for coarse-graining condensed-phase
molecular systems using anisotropic particles. The method extends currently
available high-dimensional neural network potentials by addressing molecular
anisotropy. We demonstrate the flexibility of the method by parametrizing
single-site coarse-grained models of a rigid small molecule (benzene) and a
semi-flexible organic semiconductor (sexithiophene), attaining structural
accuracy close to the all-atom models for both molecules at considerably lower
computational expense. The machine-learning method of constructing the
coarse-grained potential is shown to be straightforward and sufficiently robust
to capture anisotropic interactions and many-body effects. The method is
validated through its ability to reproduce the structural properties of the
small molecule's liquid phase and the phase transitions of the semi-flexible
molecule over a wide temperature range.Comment: 13 pages + 8 pages supplementary material, 13 figure
Exploring the Relationship Between Hotel Characteristics and Crime
Knowledge of crimes that have occurred in hotels has been scares. The authors explore the nature and causes of hotel crimes in a U.S. metropolitan area. Levels of crimes were directly related to size of the hotel, target market of business travelers, access to public transportation, and an unsafe image of the environment surrounding the hotel. Crime prevention programs based on the findings can be developed to protect the safety of guests and property
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