10,983 research outputs found
On Optimizing Compatible Security Policies in Wireless Networks
This paper deals with finding the maximum number of security policies without conflicts. By doing so we can remove security loophole that causes security violation. We present the problem of maximum compatible security policy and its relationship to the problem of maximum acyclic subgraph, which is proved to be NP-hard. Then we present a polynomial-time approximation algorithm and show that our result has approximation ratio for any integer with complexity
Constructing Robust Emotional State-based Feature with a Novel Voting Scheme for Multi-modal Deception Detection in Videos
Deception detection is an important task that has been a hot research topic
due to its potential applications. It can be applied in many areas, from
national security (e.g., airport security, jurisprudence, and law enforcement)
to real-life applications (e.g., business and computer vision). However, some
critical problems still exist and are worth more investigation. One of the
significant challenges in the deception detection tasks is the data scarcity
problem. Until now, only one multi-modal benchmark open dataset for human
deception detection has been released, which contains 121 video clips for
deception detection (i.e., 61 for deceptive class and 60 for truthful class).
Such an amount of data is hard to drive deep neural network-based methods.
Hence, those existing models often suffer from overfitting problems and low
generalization ability. Moreover, the ground truth data contains some unusable
frames for many factors. However, most of the literature did not pay attention
to these problems. Therefore, in this paper, we design a series of data
preprocessing methods to deal with the aforementioned problem first. Then, we
propose a multi-modal deception detection framework to construct our novel
emotional state-based feature and use the open toolkit openSMILE to extract the
features from the audio modality. We also design a voting scheme to combine the
emotional states information obtained from visual and audio modalities.
Finally, we can determine the novel emotion state transformation feature with
our self-designed algorithms. In the experiment, we conduct the critical
analysis and comparison of the proposed methods with the state-of-the-art
multi-modal deception detection methods. The experimental results show that the
overall performance of multi-modal deception detection has a significant
improvement in the accuracy from 87.77% to 92.78% and the ROC-AUC from 0.9221
to 0.9265.Comment: 8 pages, for AAAI23 publicatio
Proving Secure Properties of Cryptographic Protocols with Knowledge Based Approach
Cryptographic protocols have been widely used to protect communications over insecure network environments. Existing cryptographic protocols usually contain flaws. To analyze these protocols and find potential flaws in them, the secure properties of them need be studied in depth. This paper attempts to provide a new framework to analyze and prove the secure properties in these protocols. A number of predicates and action functions are used to model the network communication environment. Domain rules are given to describe the transitions of principals\u27 knowledge and belief states. An example of public key authentication protocols has been studied and analysed
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Degradation of contaminants of emerging concern by UV/H2O2 for water reuse: Kinetics, mechanisms, and cytotoxicity analysis.
Advanced oxidation using UV and hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) has been widely applied to degrade contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in wastewater for water reuse. This study investigated the degradation kinetics of mixed CECs by UV/H2O2 under variable H2O2 doses, including bisphenol A, estrone, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and triclosan. Reverse osmosis (RO) treated water samples from Orange County Water District's Groundwater Replenishment System (GWRS) potable reuse project were collected on different dates and utilized as reaction matrices with spiked additions of chemicals (CECs and H2O2) to assess the application of UV/H2O2. Possible degradation pathways of selected CECs were proposed based on high resolution mass spectrometry identification of transformation products (TPs). Toxicity assessments included cytotoxicity, aryl hydrocarbon receptor-binding activity, and estrogen receptor-binding activity, in order to evaluate potential environmental impacts resulting from CEC degradation by UV/H2O2. Cytotoxicity and estrogenic activity were significantly reduced during the degradation of mixed CECs in Milli-Q water by UV/H2O2 with high UV fluence (3200 mJ cm-2). However, in GWRS RO-treated water samples collected in April 2017, the cytotoxicity and estrogen activity of spiked CEC-mixture after UV/H2O2 treatment were not significantly eliminated; this might be due to the high concentration of target CEC and their TPs, which was possibly affected by the varied quality of the secondary treatment influent at this facility such as sewer-shed and wastewater discharges. This study aimed to provide insight on the impacts of post-UV/H2O2 CECs and TPs on human and ecological health at cellular level
An R^4 non-renormalisation theorem in N=4 supergravity
We consider the four-graviton amplitudes in CHL constructions providing
four-dimensional N=4 models with various numbers of vector multiplets. We show
that in these models the two-loop amplitude has a prefactor of d^2R^4. This
implies a non-renormalisation theorem for the R^4 term, which forbids the
appearance of a three-loop ultraviolet divergence in four dimensions in the
four-graviton amplitude. We connect the special nature of the R^4 term to the
U(1) anomaly of pure N=4 supergravity.Comment: v2: added comments about one-loop UV divergences. Assorted stylistic
corrections. Added references. v3: Eq. III.21 corrected and assorted minor
corrections and clarifications. Version to be published. v4: minor
corrections. 18 pages. one figur
Pressure Tuning of the Charge Density Wave in the Halogen-Bridged Transition-Metal (MX) Solid
We report the pressure dependence up to 95 kbar of Raman active stretching
modes in the quasi-one-dimensional MX chain solid . The data
indicate that a predicted pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transition does
not occur, but are consistent with the solid undergoing either a
three-dimensional structural distortion, or a transition from a charge-density
wave to another broken-symmetry ground state. We show that such a transition
cacan be well-modeled within a Peierls-Hubbard Hamiltonian. 1993 PACS:
71.30.+h, 71.45.Lr, 75.30.Fv, 78.30.-j, 81.40.VwComment: 4 pages, ReVTeX 3.0, figures available from the authors on request
(Gary Kanner, [email protected]), to be published in Phys Rev B Rapid
Commun, REVISION: minor typos corrected, LA-UR-94-246
Apparatus architecture of the conodont <i>Nicoraella kockeli </i>(Gondolelloidea, Prioniodinina) constrains functional interpretations
Chandra X-Ray Observatory Observations of the Globular Cluster M71
We observed the nearby, low-density globular cluster M71 (NGC 6838) with the
Chandra X-ray Observatory to study its faint X-ray populations. Five X-ray
sources were found inside the cluster core radius, including the known
eclipsing binary millisecond pulsar (MSP) PSR J1953+1846A. The X-ray light
curve of the source coincident with this MSP shows marginal evidence for
periodicity at the binary period of 4.2 h. Its hard X-ray spectrum and
luminosity resemble those of other eclipsing binary MSPs in 47 Tuc, suggesting
a similar shock origin of the X-ray emission. A further 24 X-ray sources were
found within the half-mass radius, reaching to a limiting luminosity of 1.5
10^30 erg/s (0.3-8 keV). From a radial distribution analysis, we find that
18+/-6 of these 29 sources are associated with M71, somewhat more than
predicted, and that 11+/-6 are background sources, both galactic and
extragalactic. M71 appears to have more X-ray sources between L_X=10^30--10^31
erg/s than expected by extrapolating from other studied clusters using either
mass or collision frequency. We explore the spectra and variability of these
sources, and describe the results of ground-based optical counterpart searches.Comment: 36 pages including 7 figures and 8 tables, accepted by The
Astrophysical Journa
Transcriptomes of the Anther Sporophyte: Availability and Uses
An anther includes sporophytic tissues of three outer cell layers and an innermost layer, the tapetum, which encloses a locule where the gametophytic microspores mature to become pollen. The sporophytic tissues also comprise some vascular cells and specialized cells of the stomium aligning the long anther axis for anther dehiscence. Studies of the anther sporophytic cells, especially the tapetum, have recently expanded from the use of microscopy to molecular biology and transcriptomes. The available sequencing technologies, plus the use of laser microdissection and in silico subtraction, have produced high-quality anther sporophyte transcriptomes of rice, Arabidopsis and maize. These transcriptomes have been used for research discoveries and have potential for future discoveries in diverse areas, including developmental gene activity networking and changes in enzyme and metabolic domains, prediction of protein functions by quantity, secretion, antisense transcript regulation, small RNAs and promoters for generating male sterility. We anticipate that these studies with rice and other transcriptomes will expand to encompass other plants, whose genomes will be sequenced soon, with ever-advancing sequencing technologies. In comprehensive gene activity profiling of the anther sporophyte, studies involving transcriptomes will spearhead investigation of the downstream gene activity with proteomics and metabolomics
Response of liver metabolic pathways to ketogenic diet and exercise are not additive
© Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Purpose Studies suggest ketogenic diets (KD) produce favorable outcomes (health and exercise performance); however, most rodent studies have used a low-protein KD, which does not reflect the normal- to high-protein KD used by humans. Liver has an important role in ketoadaptation due to its involvement in gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that exercise training (ExTr) while consuming a normal-protein KD (NPKD) would induce additive/synergistic responses in liver metabolic pathways. Methods Lean, healthy male C57BL/6J mice were fed a low-fat control diet (15.9% kcal protein, 11.9% kcal fat, 72.2% kcal carbohydrate) or carbohydrate-deficient NPKD (16.1% protein, 83.9% kcal fat) for 6 wk. After 3 wk on the diet, half were subjected to 3-wk treadmill ExTr (5 d·wk-1, 60 min·d-1, moderate-vigorous intensity). Upon conclusion, metabolic and endocrine outcomes related to substrate metabolism were tested in liver and pancreas. Results NPKD-fed mice had higher circulating β-hydroxybutyrate and maintained glucose at rest and during exercise. Liver of NPKD-fed mice had lower pyruvate utilization and greater ketogenic potential as evidenced by higher oxidative rates to catabolize lipids (mitochondrial and peroxisomal) and ketogenic amino acids (leucine). ExTr had higher expression of the gluconeogenic gene, Pck1, but lower hepatic glycogen, pyruvate oxidation, incomplete fat oxidation, and total pancreas area. Interaction effects between the NPKD and ExTr were observed for intrahepatic triglycerides, as well as genes involved in gluconeogenesis, ketogenesis, mitochondrial fat oxidation, and peroxisomal markers; however, none were additive/synergistic. Rather, in each instance the interaction effects showed the NPKD and ExTr opposed each other. Conclusions An NPKD and an ExTr independently induce shifts in hepatic metabolic pathways, but changes do not seem to be additive/synergistic in healthy mice
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