Allopurinol causing generalized exfoliative dermatitis: a case report

Erythroderma is a scaly, erythematous dermatitis of the skin, which occurs in drug allergy, malignancy and underlying skin disorders. The diagnosis is challenging because the extent of skin involvement does not always correlate with the extent of internal organ involvement. Therefore, early recognition of symptoms is vital to minimize morbidity and mortality. Case report: A 52 years old man had asymptomatic hyperuricemia and prescribed allopurinol 300mg, daily. One month later, the rashes started to appear on his trunk and then progressed to the face and upper limbs. Then it continued to spread to the lower extremities. Management involves prompt cessation of the culprit drug, administration of corticosteroids and supportive treatment. It is Concluded that Allopurinol is commonly used in clinical practice for the treatment of symptomatic hyperuricemia and gout. It has been associated with erythroderma especially when used indiscriminately

Marine engineering training in Myanmar

The present system of maritime education and training for engineers in Myanmar has existed since 1963, It is very close to the old British system of maritime training. Marine engineers trained in this way have been found to be competent and qualified in their profession. Despite this satisfactory achievement, it is necessary to modify the existing training system to keep abreast with the changing global system and developing standards\u3c The purpose of this study is to highlight the maritime education and training system presently used in Myanmar and to propose some modifications needed to comply with international standards. This paper contains seven chapters. Four of them present the current situation in Myanmar: They cover the Shipping Industry, the implementation of International Conventions and the Training and Examination systems used for maritime personnel. In Chapter 4 a comparison is made between existing training syllabi and STCW 1976 minimum requirements. Chapter 6 deals with the Maritime Education and Training programs of several countries which have modern systems. Recommendations, which are my own views, are made in the last chapter. They come from knowledge gained during my two years of study at the World Maritime University. With the approval of the authorities concerned, this study paper could provide guidance in improving the Myanmar marine engineering training system

Corpus-based Data for Determining the Vocabulary Found in the ICLH Research Articles Written by Myanmar Researchers

This study explores the use of the lexical words in the academic articles written by the Myanmar scholars in the English language. The lexical words, the vocabulary, is regarded as one of the main features in academic writing. The purpose of the study is to develop a list of the most frequent vocabulary used by the Myanmar researchers in the field of language teaching and social sciences and compared it with the lists of West's (1953) General Service (GSL) and Coxhead's (2000) Academic Word Lists (AWL). The corpus approximately 170,000 running words was build using the 39 academic research articles, written by Myanmar scholars, presented at the 1st International Conference on Languages and Humanities (ICLH) which was hold at Yangon University of Foreign Languages in 2020. The lists of the frequent words found in respective levels of GSL and AWL were developed. The analysis revealed that the top 20 frequent words included 18 basic words and only two academic words. The results also show that, amongst 2000 word families of GSL, 731 word families occurred frequently in the articles with the coverage of 79% of the tokens in the corpus. For academic words, among 570, only 96 word families with the coverage of 9 % of the all tokens were found as the frequent words in the research articles. It is hoped that the construction of the lists will definitely provide the Myanmar researchers the knowledge on the use of vocabulary in academic writing of the research articles in the English language

The safety and reactogenicity of a reduced-antigen-content diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (dTpa) booster vaccine in healthy Vietnamese children

AbstractDespite effective infant immunization against pertussis, the disease continues to circulate due to waning immunity. Booster vaccinations against pertussis beyond infancy are widely recommended. In Vietnam, however, no recommendations for pertussis boosters beyond the second year of life exist. This open-label, single-centre study was designed to assess the safety of a single booster dose of reduced-antigen-content-diphtheria-tetanus-acellular-pertussis vaccine (dTpa) in 300 healthy Vietnamese children (mean age 7.9years), who had completed primary vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis. Solicited symptoms were recorded for 4days and unsolicited and serious adverse events (SAEs) for 31days post-vaccination. Pain and fatigue were the most common solicited local and general symptoms in 35.0% and 14.0% of children, respectively. Grade 3 swelling occurred in 3 children; no large injection site reactions or SAEs were reported. The dTpa booster vaccine was well tolerated and this study supports its administration in school age Vietnamese children

Centre Effects in Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related complications and outcomes have been shown to be influenced by both patient- and centre-level factors. There is a significant variability in outcomes across different centres, which is not explained by patient factors alone. This chapter aims to evaluate those modifiable centre-level factors that have been shown to impact PD outcomes, focussing specifically on peritonitis and technique failure, and the evidence that addressing these centre effects may lead to appreciable improvements in PD patient outcomes. Peritonitis rates have been shown to be related to a centre’s degree of automated PD (APD) use, extent of icodextrin use, performance of home visits prior to PD commencement, the presence of a specialised PD nurse and duration of PD training. Better peritonitis outcomes have been shown to be associated with larger centre size, greater share of PD patients among dialysis cohorts and treatment of peritonitis with comprehensive empiric antimicrobial therapy. PD technique failure has been shown to be related to centre size and degree of PD experience. Although there is little evidence currently available to demonstrate that prospectively modifying centre factors improves PD outcomes, an Australian continuous quality improvement initiative has been associated with progressively improved peritonitis and technique failure outcomes

Is corruption endogenous to foreign direct investment in resource-rich developing economies?

This paper offers econometric evidence that corruption and foreign direct investment (FDI) can co-evolve if conditional on the level of development, the type of regimes, and the level of natural resource endowment. In conventional FDI empirical studies, the perceived corruption level in host countries is treated as being exogenous. Corruption, however, is also found to be endogenous to FDI depending upon economic circumstances and political conditions prevailing in host countries. The impact of FDI on corruption in host economies is found to vary across economies if disaggregated samples are used. Asian economies show a different pattern as compared to other regions. African economies display two distinct trends in their association with FDI activities if conditional on resource availability. The minimum threshold level of income beyond which increased inflow of FDI will result in lower corruption increases with the increased availability of resources. The impact is much greater for resource-rich developing economies managed by authoritarian regimes. To account for the joint-determination of corruption and FDI in resource-rich developing economies, this paper proposes a system of simultaneous equations to consistently estimate the parameters of the structural equations for three disaggregated samples. Results obtained from 2sls estimations confirm that there is a simultaneity issue as the coefficients for corruption variable as well as FDI are highly significant. The coefficients of other major determinants of corruption and FDI are also robust and strong. The consumption of FDI in resource-rich African economies results in higher corruption than it is in resource-rich Middle Eastern economies

A Spatial Distribution of Onion Cultivation in Myittha Township

This paper focus on the ―Spatial Distribution of Onion Cultivation in Myittha Township‖. In Myittha Township, most of the people are living in rural areas and their occupation is agriculture work. The aim of this research is to study the development of onion cultivation and also explained the spatial distribution of onion cultivation. In onion cultivation, there are two types of onion cultivation: monsoon onion and winter onion which are presented by using statistical techniques. In addition, the spatial distribution of onion cultivation was studied in detail. As an outcome, this research paper may partially contribute to the rural economic development of Myittha Township

The effectiveness of the role of advanced nurse practitioners compared to physician-led or usual care : a systematic review

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of the role of advanced nurse practitioners compared to physicians-led/ usual care (care managed by medical doctors or non-advanced nurse practitioners) Background: Advanced nurse practitioners contribute to the improvement of quality patient care and have substantial potential to optimise the health of people globally. Since the formal recognition of advanced nurse practitioners by the International Council of Nurses, among others, the role has been adopted across most departments and clinical specialties, particularly in high-income countries. Design: Systematic review of primary research evidence Data Source: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane registry, Cochrane trials, and Cochrane EPOC (PDQ Evidence) were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of patient care and health resource utilisation outcomes associated with advanced nurse practitioners. Review Methods: The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The chosen articles were restricted to full-text English language trials published in the last 20 years, incorporating comparators of usual care. Search terms were limited to variations of advanced nurse practitioner role and practice. The eligible studies were bias risk assessed and quality assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Clinical and service outcomes were analysed using narrative synthesis as the marked heterogeneity between studies precluded meta-analysis. Results: Thirteen RCTs were reviewed. All of them were conducted across high-income countries within primary care and hospital settings involving paediatric and adult patients. Five trials were assessed as high quality, and eight were of low to moderate quality. Positive effects were demonstrated for the impact of advanced nurse practitioners on usual care; for indigestion, mean difference [MD] 2.3: 95% CI 1.4, 3.1]), perceptions of health status [ (MD –140.6; 95% CI –184.8, –96.5)], satisfaction levels [ (MD ranged from –8.79; 95% CI –13.59, –3.98 to 0.61; 95% CI –4.84, 6.05)], physical function (1.58 [SD 0.76] v. 1.81 [SD 0.90]), and blood pressure control (systolic [133 [SD 21] v. 135 [SD 19] mmHg p = 0.04] and diastolic [77 [SD 10] v. 80 [SD 11] mmHg p = 0.007]) were looked at. Positive effects related to service provision included improved patient satisfaction and reductions in waiting times and costs, which significantly favored advanced nurse practitioners (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: The evidence of this review supports the positive impact of advanced nurse practitioners on clinical and service-related outcomes: patient satisfaction, waiting times, control of chronic disease, and cost-effectiveness especially when directly compared to medical practitioner-led care and usual care practices - in primary, secondary and specialist care settings involving both adult and pediatric populations. © 202

CALCULATION OF KINETIC ENERGIES OF ALPHA PARTICLES AND IMPACT PARAMETERS FOR VARIOUS SCATTERING ANGLES FROM ALPHA SCATTERING EXPERIMENT

The essential idea of Rutherford’s theory is to consider the -particle as a charged mass traveling according to the classical equations of motion in the Coulomb field of a nucleus. We measured the number of alpha particles which emitted from 241Am alpha source from Alpha scattering experimental set up in Physics Department, Monywa University of Research Centre. Gold foil is placed between the detector and the 241 Am source. It is observed that the incident particles for small angles are more than for large angles