Lunar sample analysis

Flameless atomic abosrption, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, ferromagnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, and Moessbauer spectroscopy were used to investigate the evolution of the lunar regolith, the transport of volatile trace metals, and the surface composition of lunar samples. The development of a model for lunar volcanic eruptions is also discussed

Lunar sample analysis

A wide variety of lunar sample and meteorite studies were performed. Abstracts of the most recent reports are also attached. Experimental techniques employed have included scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Mossbauer spectroscopy, atomic absorption analysis and a variety of simulation studies

Lunar sample analysis

The evolution of the lunar regolith under solar wind and micrometeorite bombardment is discussed as well as the size distribution of ultrafine iron in lunar soil. The most important characteristics of complex graphite, sulfide, arsenide, palladium, and platinum mineralization in a pegmatoid pyroxenite of the Stillwater Complex in Montana are examined. Oblique reflected light micrographs and backscattered electron SEM images of the graphite associations are included

The Robinson-Schensted Correspondence and A2A_2-web Bases

We study natural bases for two constructions of the irreducible representation of the symmetric group corresponding to $[n,n,n]$: the {\em reduced web} basis associated to Kuperberg's combinatorial description of the spider category; and the {\em left cell basis} for the left cell construction of Kazhdan and Lusztig. In the case of $[n,n]$, the spider category is the Temperley-Lieb category; reduced webs correspond to planar matchings, which are equivalent to left cell bases. This paper compares the images of these bases under classical maps: the {\em Robinson-Schensted algorithm} between permutations and Young tableaux and {\em Khovanov-Kuperberg's bijection} between Young tableaux and reduced webs. One main result uses Vogan's generalized $\tau$-invariant to uncover a close structural relationship between the web basis and the left cell basis. Intuitively, generalized $\tau$-invariants refine the data of the inversion set of a permutation. We define generalized $\tau$-invariants intrinsically for Kazhdan-Lusztig left cell basis elements and for webs. We then show that the generalized $\tau$-invariant is preserved by these classical maps. Thus, our result allows one to interpret Khovanov-Kuperberg's bijection as an analogue of the Robinson-Schensted correspondence. Despite all of this, our second main result proves that the reduced web and left cell bases are inequivalent; that is, these bijections are not $S_{3n}$-equivariant maps.Comment: 34 pages, 23 figures, minor corrections and revisions in version

Innovation and Reduction in Contemporary Qualitative Methods: The Case of Conceptual Coupling, Activity-Type Pairs and Auto-Ethnography

During the course of this paper we mobilise an ideal typical framework that identifies three waves of reduction within contemporary qualitative inquiry as they relate to key aspects of the sociological tradition. The paper begins with a consideration of one of sociology\'s key questions; namely how is social organisation possible? The paper aims to demonstrate how this question moves from view as increased specialisation and differentiation in qualitative methodology within sociology and related disciplines results in a fragmentation and decontextualisation of social practices from social orders. Indeed, the extent to which qualitative methods have been detached from sociological principles is considered in relation to the emergence of a reductionist tendency. The paper argues that the first wave is typified by conceptual couplings such as \'discourse and the subject\', \'narrative and experience\', \'space and place\' and the second by \'activity type couplings\' such as \'walking and talking\' and \'making and telling\' and then, finally, the third wave exemplified through auto-ethnography and digital lifelogging. We argue each of these three waves represent a series of steps in qualitative reduction that, whilst representing innovation, need to reconnect with questions of action, order and social organisation as a complex whole as opposed to disparate parts.Social Order, Discourse, Narrative, Mobile Methods, Auto-Ethnography, Reflexivity, Innovation, Qualitative Methods

Plumbophyllite, a new species from the Blue Bell claims near Baker, San Bernardino County, California

The new mineral plumbophyllite, Pb2Si4O10·H2O, orthorhombic with space group Pbcn and cell parameters a = 13.2083(4), b = 9.7832(3), c = 8.6545(2) Å, V = 1118.33(5) Å^3, and Z = 4. It occurs as colorless to pale blue prismatic crystals to 3 mm, with wedge-shaped terminations at the Blue Bell claims, about 11 km west of Baker, San Bernardino County, California. It is found in narrow veins in a highly siliceous hornfels in association with cerussite, chrysocolla, fluorite, goethite, gypsum, mimetite, opal, plumbotsumite, quartz, sepiolite, and wulfenite. The streak is white, the luster is vitreous, the Mohs hardness is about 5, and there is one perfect cleavage, {100}. The measured density is 3.96(5) g/cm^3 and the calculated density is 3.940 g/cm^3. Optical properties (589 nm): biaxial (+), {alpha} = 1.674(2), β = 1.684(2), {gamma} = 1.708(2), 2V = 66(2)°, dispersion r > v (strong); X = b, Y = c, Z = a. Electron microprobe analysis provided PbO 60.25, CuO 0.23, SiO_2 36.22 wt%, and CHN analysis provided H_2O 3.29 wt% for a total of 99.99 wt%. Powder IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of H_2O and single-crystal IR spectroscopy indicated the H_2O to be oriented perpendicular to the b axis. Raman spectra were also obtained. The strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are [d (hkl) I]: 7.88(110)97, 6.63(200)35, 4.90(020)38, 3.623(202)100, 3.166(130)45, 2.938(312/411/222)57, 2.555(132/213)51, and 2.243(521/332)50. The atomic structure (R1 = 2.04%) consists of undulating sheets of silicate tetrahedra between which are located Pb atoms and channels containing H_2O (and Pb^(2+) lone-pair electrons). The silicate sheets can be described as consisting of zigzag pyroxene-like (SiO_3)_n chains joined laterally into sheets with the unshared tetrahedral apices in successive chains pointed alternately up and down, a configuration also found in pentagonite

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationThe associated variety is a geometric invariant attached to each Harish-Chandra module of a real reductive Lie group. The associated cycle is a ner invariant that gives additional algebraic data for each component of the associated variety. The main result of this thesis is a set of formulas for associated cycles of a large class of Harish-Chandra modules for the real Lie group U(p; q). These formulas give the associated cycle polynomials for the coherent family containing a module X when elements of the dense orbit in the associated variety of X have a single nontrivial Jordan block or exactly two Jordan blocks

The Design and Physical Properties of An Optimized Chitosan Hydrogel for Potential Use in Endodontics

Introduction: The aim of this study was to synthesize an optimized chitosan/carbon dot hydrogel and measure its effects on the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells. Methods: 1.5% w/v chitosan hydrogel samples were fabricated with 300 mg/ml aqueous β-glycerol phosphate (β-GP) to create an optimized chitosan with a gelation onset temperature below 37°C. Spermidine-functionalized carbon dots (CDs) were added to test groups in concentrations of 25 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml. Complex shear viscosity of the prepared hydrogel samples was evaluated with a Kinexus pro+ shear rheometer (Malvern Panalytical). Samples were evaluated for cellular proliferation with dental pulp stem cells at days 1, 2, 5, and 14 using PrestoBlue and a Synergy HTX microplate reader (BioTek). Proliferation results were compared to a separate test groups with calcium hydroxide under the same test parameters.Results: The optimized chitosan hydrogel samples had a gelation onset temperature of 34.6°C, which was not appreciably increased with the addition of CDs (34.7°C). All experimental chitosan hydrogels demonstrated superior cellular proliferation when compared to calcium hydroxide paste. Conclusions: Chitosan/CD hydrogels may be a promising medicament for endodontic use and a viable alternative to either Ca(OH)2 or TAP in regenerative endodontic cases. The CD structure contains surface characteristics that are open to customization for individual therapeutic needs. This hydrogel is thermally responsive and becomes a solid gel when administered at human body temperature. Further studies are warranted to determine its antibacterial properties, as well as other factors to understand how it may interact in the root canal space