The Effect of Calcium and Phosphorous on Growth, Feed Efficiency, Mineral Content and Body Composition of Brown Marbled Grouper (Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus) Juvenile

The objectives of this study were to know concentration of calcium (Ca) and posphorus (P) in feed for growth, feed efficiency, proximate composition of the body and mineral content of brown marbled grouper juvenile. The study was conducted in the Center for Brackiswater Aquaculture Development, Takalar with randomized completed design 6 x 3 with the treatment of Ca and P supplement in feed i.e., (A) the supplement of 0 g/kg Ca and 0 g/kg P, (B) the supplement of 6 g/kg Ca and 0 g/kg P, (C) the supplement of 0 g/kg Ca and 6 g/kg P, (D) the supplement of 6 g/kg Ca and 6 g/kg P, (E) the supplement of 12 g/kg Ca and 6 g/kg P, and (F) the supplement of 18 g/kg Ca and 6 g/kg P. The result showed that P supplement with doses of 6 g/kg and Ca of 0 g/kg in feed are significantly affects on relative growth, feed efficiency, proximate composition and mineral content of brown marbled grouper juvenile

Numerical Simulation and Validation of Laser Polishing of Alumina Ceramic Surface

Laser polishing is a noncontact and efficient processing method for surface treatment of different materials. It removes surface material and improves its quality by means of a laser beam that acts directly on the surface of the material. The material surface roughness is a major criterion that evaluates the polishing effect when alumina ceramics are polished by a laser. In this study, the effects of three factors, namely, laser power, scanning speed, and pulse frequency, on the surface roughness were investigated through orthogonal tests. The optimum polishing parameters were obtained through a comparison of the experimental results. Compared to the initial surface roughness (Ra = 1.624 μm), the roughness of the polished surface was reduced to Ra = 0.549 μm. A transient two-dimensional model was established by the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5, and the flow condition of the material inside the molten pool of laser-polished alumina ceramics and the surface morphology of the smoothing process were investigated by utilizing the optimal polishing parameters obtained from the experiments. The simulation results showed that in the process of laser polishing, the fluid inside the molten pool flowed from the peaks to the valleys under the action of capillary force, and the inside of the molten pool tended to be smoothened gradually. In order to verify the correctness of the numerical model, the surface profile at the same position on the material surface was compared, and the results showed that the maximum error between the numerical simulation and the experimental results was 17.8%

INFLUENCE FACTORS OF CONTACT PRESSURE BETWEEN SHRINK-FIT TOOL HOLDER AND SHANK

To improve the contact state of shrink-fit tool holder and shank,the factors affecting the contact pressure distribution in matching surface are discussed. The shrink-fit tool holder and shank parametric model is established by ANSYS parametric design language commend stream. The pressure distribution on the matching surface is revealed by pressure sensitive films. Compared with the finite element analysis,the reliability of parametric model is verified. The contact pressure is calculated by getting the stress distribution of the matching surface on the holder. Calculations indicated that the average pressure,max pressure and uniformity on matching surface will decrease with the increase of holder thickness,inner diameter,length and angle of matching,but the trend and range of the pressure distribution are the same; increased the thickness of the shank and selecting the thickness of the shrink-fit tool holder properly is helpful to reduce the stress concentration

Clamping Fatigue Properties of Shrink-Fit Holder

In order to explore the clamping fatigue properties of shrink-fit holders, ANSYS software was used in this study to analyze the thermal and contact stresses during the clamping process of the shrink-fit holder, and the fatigue analysis was performed by selecting the dangerous areas based on the two stresses. A numerical control shrink-fit holder clamping fatigue test device was manufactured, and the automatic clamping of the shrink-fit holder was executed in this study. After 500 clamping repetitions, a milling test was carried out on the shrink-fit bracket. By collecting the vibration signal of the workpiece during processing and measuring the change in the surface roughness of the workpiece, and then analyzing the change in the machining performance of the shrink-fit holder under different clamping times, we were able to compare and verify the accuracy of the finite element fatigue analysis

Study on Microstructure and Properties of Ni60A/WC Composite Coating by Alternating-Magnetic-Field-Assisted Laser Cladding

Ni60A/WC composite coating is prepared on 45 steel substrate by alternating-magnetic-field-assisted laser cladding. We compare the effects of different magnetic field intensity on WC particle distribution, microstructure, phase composition, microhardness and wear; in addition, the mechanism of alternating magnetic fields on cladding layers is briefly analyzed. The results show that an alternating magnetic field can significantly homogenize the distribution of WC particles. WC particles at the bottom are stirred and dispersed to the middle and upper area of the laser pool. The distribution of WC in the bottom region 6 of the coating decreases from 19.1% to 10%, the distribution of WC in the bottom region 5 decreases from 46.46% to 33.3%, the WC distribution in the top region 1 of the coating increases from 0 to 7.7% and the WC distribution in the top region 2 of the coating increases from 8.08% to 12.2%. The stirring of alternating magnetic fields strengthens the solute convection in the laser pool, refines the snowflake-shaped carbide hard phase and improves the coating microhardness and wear property, and adhesive wear and abrasive wear decrease gradually with increasing magnetic field strength

Psoralen Inhibited Apoptosis of Osteoporotic Osteoblasts by Modulating IRE1-ASK1-JNK Pathway

Osteoporosis is a common disease causing fracture in older populations. Abnormal apoptosis of osteoblasts contributes to the genesis of osteoporosis. Inhibiting apoptosis of osteoblasts provides a promising strategy to prevent osteoporosis. The proliferation of osteoblasts isolated from osteoporotic patients or healthy subjects was determined by MTT assay. Apoptosis was determined by Annexin V/PI assay. Protein expression was measured by western blot. The proliferation of osteoblasts isolated from osteoporotic patients was inhibited and the apoptosis level of these cells was higher than the osteoblasts from healthy subjects. Incubation with psoralen or estradiol significantly enhanced the proliferation and decreased the apoptosis level of osteoporotic osteoblasts. Western blot demonstrated that psoralen or estradiol treatment downregulated the expression of IRE1, p-ASK, p-JNK, and Bax. Meanwhile, expression of Bcl-2 was upregulated. Pretreatment by IRE1 agonist tunicamycin or JNK agonist anisomycin attenuated the effect of psoralen on osteoporotic osteoblasts. Psoralen inhibited apoptosis of osteoporotic osteoblasts by regulating IRE1-ASK1-JNK pathway

The Chinese Herb Jianpijiedu Contributes to the Regulation of OATP1B2 and ABCC2 in a Rat Model of Orthotopic Transplantation Liver Cancer Pretreated with Food Restriction and Diarrhea

Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpijiedu decoction (JPJD) could improve the general status of liver cancer patients in clinics, especially the symptoms of decreased food intake and diarrhea. In this study, our results showed that the survival rate of the liver cancer with food restriction and diarrhea (FRD-LC) rats was lower than the liver cancer (LC) rats, and the tumor volume of the FRD-LC rats was higher than the LC rats. It was also shown that the high dose of JPJD significantly improved the survival rate, weight, and organ weight when compared with FRD-LC-induced rats. Moreover, JPJD administration upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of ABCC2 and downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of OATP1B2 in liver tissues. However, opposite results were observed in the cancer tissues. In conclusion, the study indicated that the Chinese Medicine JPJD could contribute to the rats with liver cancer which were pretreated with food restriction and diarrhea by regulating the expression of ABCC2 and OATP1B2 in liver tissues and cancer tissues

HT-CO2 causes slight, transient and recoverable peritoneal damages.

<p>(A) Light microscopic analysis of peritoneal alterations (from left to right, 0, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96h after HT-CO2 insufflation). The mesothelial cells detach and denuded basal lamina is apparently observed at 12 hours after HT-CO2 insufflations; (B) Scanning electron microscopic analysis of peritoneal alterations (from left to right, 0, 12, 48, 96h after HT-CO2 insufflation). The mesothelial cells detach and massive desquamations can be seen at 12 hours after HT-CO2 insufflations. However, the peritoneum recovers from 48 hours and restores to normal 96 hours later.</p

Experimental setup.

<p>A G22 intravenous cannula is inserted into the lower midline and serves as the first trocar. Another G22 intravenous cannula is inserted into the right lower quadrant and used for measurement of intraperitoneal pressure, humidity and temperature. The hyperthermic CO2 (HT-CO2) or normothermic CO2 (NT-CO2) is generated by a CO2 heater & humidifier device and insufflated into the peritoneal cavity of the mouse. The intra-abdominal temperature (T), relative humidity (H) and pressure (P) are monitored in a real-time manner and kept constant.</p