The Effects of Adrenal Steroids on Electrolyte and Water Balance in Force-Fed Adrenalectomized Rats

The literature dealing with various aspects of adrenal cortical function is so voluminous that any review is necessarily incomplete, both with respect to topics treated and references cited. In this paper discussion is restricted to certain features of cortex function, namely the effects on water and electrolyte balance and weight maintenance

Optimal integral controller with sensor failure accommodation

An Optimal Integral Controller that readily accommodates Sensor Failure - without resorting to (Kalman) filter or observer generation - has been designed. The system is based on Navy-sponsored research for the control of high performance aircraft. In conjunction with a NASA developed Numerical Optimization Code, the Integral Feedback Controller will provide optimal system response even in the case of incomplete state feedback. Hence, the need for costly replication of plant sensors is avoided since failure accommodation is effected by system software reconfiguration. The control design has been applied to a particularly ill-behaved, third-order system. Dominant-root design in the classical sense produced an almost 100 percent overshoot for the third-order system response. An application of the newly-developed Optimal Integral Controller - assuming all state information available - produces a response with no overshoot. A further application of the controller design - assuming a one-third sensor failure scenario - produced a slight overshoot response that still preserved the steady state time-point of the full-state feedback response. The control design should have wide application in space systems

Turbulence Effects upon Laser Propagation in the Marine Boundary Layer

Shipboard measurements of small scale temperature and velocity fluctuations have been accomplished to determine optical wave propagation properties of the marine boundary layer. Measurements were recorded for ocean conditions in Monterey Bay and in the confines of the Pacific Missile Range. Laser beam propagation measurements were performed in conjunction with the meteorological measurements

Herpesvirus Infections of the Central Nervous System

There are over 200 herpesvirus species, of which 10 affect humans. Each of these 10 herpesviruses has a unique clinical syndrome, but common to all is their ability to cause infection and pathology in the central nervous system. In this article, we discuss the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, treatment, sequelae, and availability of vaccination of each of the following herpesviruses: herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, varicella zoster virus, human cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus 6A, 6B, and 7, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus 8, and simian herpesvirus B

Design strategies for low embodied energy and greenhouse gases in buildings: analyses of the IEA Annex 57 case studies

This paper introduces the IEA Annex 57 case study method, consisting of a format for describing individual case studies and an evaluation matrix covering all case studies. Sample case studies are used to illustrate the method and the evaluation matrix through a first preliminary analysis. In compiling and evaluation existing, transparent case studies we have taken a stakeholder perspective. By so doing it is intended to identify fordecision makers the key issues affecting EE/EC in buildings. Analysis in this paper focuses on one of the six case study themes, building design strategies for EE/EC mitigation and references cases covering e.g. material selection, building shape, construction stage strategies and strategies to handle the trade-off between embodied and operational impacts in net-zero emission building design

Experimental investigation of a bistable system in the presence of noise and delay

We experimentally analyze the behavior of a non-Markovian bistable system with noise, using a vertical cavity surface emitting laser with time-delayed optoelectronic feedback. The effects of the delayed feedback are observed in the probability distribution of the residence times of the two orthogonal polarization states, and in the polarization-resolved power spectrum. They agree well with recent theoretical predictions based on a two-state model with transition rates depending on an earlier state of the system. We also observe experimentally and explain theoretically that the residence time probability distribution deviates from exponential decay for residence times close to (and smaller than) the delay time.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Delay Induced Excitability

We analyse the stochastic dynamics of a bistable system under the influence of time-delayed feedback. Assuming an asymmetric potential, we show the existence of a regime in which the systems dynamic displays excitability by calculating the relevant residence time distributions and correlation times. Experimentally we then observe this behaviour in the polarization dynamics of a vertical cavity surface emitting laser with opto-electronic feedback. Extending these observations to two-dimensional systems with dispersive coupling we finally show numerically that delay induced excitability can lead to the appearance of propagating wave-fronts and spirals.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Refractive Index Dynamics Of Quantum Dot Based Waveguide Electroabsorbers

The refractive index dynamics of InAs/GaAs quantum dot based waveguide absorbers is studied using heterodyne pump-probe measurements. Absorption reduction due to the pump can be accompanied by either positive or negative refractive index changes depending on the wavelength used. This change in sign of the phase amplitude coupling can be understood by considering the atomlike nature of the quantum dot transitions involved

Electron and hole dynamics of InAs/GaAs quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers

Single-color and two-color pump-probe measurements are used to analyze carrier dynamics in InAs/GaAs quantum dot amplifiers. The study reveals that hole recovery and intradot electron relaxation occur on a picosecond time scale, while the electron capture time is on the order of 10 ps. A longer time scale of hundreds of picoseconds is associated with carrier recovery in the wetting layer, similar to that observed in quantum well semiconductor amplifiers. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. (DOI:10.1063/1.2771374

Electron and Hole Dynamics of InAs∕GaAsInAs∕GaAs Quantum Dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers

Single-color and two-color pump-probe measurements are used to analyze carrier dynamics in InAs∕GaAs quantum dot amplifiers. The study reveals that hole recovery and intradot electron relaxation occur on a picosecond time scale, while the electron capture time is on the order of 10ps. A longer time scale of hundreds of picoseconds is associated with carrier recovery in the wetting layer, similar to that observed in quantum well semiconductor amplifiers