The Results of Single Bundle Versus Double Bundle ACL Reconstruction Surgery, a Retrospective Study and Review of Literature

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of single bundle and double bundle surgical techniques for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. METHODS: In this study, all single bundle and double bundle ACL reconstruction surgeries that were done in our university hospital from January 2008 to December 2012 were enrolled. All patients were followed at 2,6,12, 24 weeks and 1 a 2 years post operatively. On last follow up all patients were evaluated by clinical examination, KT-1000 and Lysholm questionnaire. RESULTS: Seventy five patients were operated using single bundle and eighty five patients with double bundle technique. Fifty seven percent of patients in single bundle and 80 of patients in double bundle group had experienced pain during follow-up period. None of cases had knee extension or flexion loss. The average side to side differences using KT-1000 was 3.5 ± 0.38 (2.9-4.1) millimeters in single bundle group and 3.39 ± 0.39 (2.8-4) millimeters in double bundle group. These results showed no significant difference between two groups (P= 0.31). Lysholm score improved significantly in both groups, but there was no significant difference between them. CONCLUSION: According to this study the clinical results of single bundle ACL reconstruction was similar to double bundle reconstruction in short term follow up. Further studies are needed to evaluate the long term results

Dibromido{N′-[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl­idene]picolinohydrazide-κ2 N′,O}cadmium

The title compound, [CdBr2(C13H12N4O)], was obtained from the reaction of Cd(NO3)2·4H2O with meth­yl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone picolinoylhydrazone and sodium bromide. The Cd2+ cation is ligated by one O atom and two N atoms of the tridentate ligand and two bromide anions, forming a Br2CdN2O polyhedron with a distorted trigonal–bipyramidal coordination geometry. In the crystal, non-classical C—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds are observed. In addition, π–π stacking inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.7455 (19) Å] contribute to the stabilization of the crystal structure

Inteligencia emocional y su papel en la flexibilidad cognitiva de niños con y sin trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad

The aim of this study was to compare role of emotional intelligence in cognitive flexibility of children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Participants were 20 children (mean age = 10.25, SD = 2.12) with ADHD and 30 normal children (mean age = 10.96, SD = 1.32) that all of they were boy. All participants completed the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (Schutte et al., 1998) and the classic Stroop test, as a measure of cognitive flexibility.  ADHD children performed poorer on both measures than non-ADHD children.  And emotional intelligence predictors of cognitive flexibility in two groups. Overall, in children with attention deficit – hyperactivity disorder there are low performance of emotional intelligence and cognitive flexibility.El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el papel de la inteligencia emocional en la flexibilidad cognitiva de niños con y sin trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH). Los participantes fueron 20 niños (edad promedio = 10.25, DT = 2.12) con TDAH y 30 niños normales (edad promedio = 10.96, DT = 1.32) que todos eran niños. Todos los participantes completaron el Cuestionario de inteligencia emocional (Schutte et al., 1998) y la prueba clásica de Stroop, como una medida de la flexibilidad cognitiva. Los niños con TDAH se desempeñaron peor en ambas medidas que los niños sin TDAH. Y predictores de inteligencia emocional de la flexibilidad cognitiva en dos grupos. En general, en niños con déficit de atención - trastorno de hiperactividad hay bajo rendimiento de inteligencia emocional y flexibilidad cognitiva

Comparison of the Components of Brainstem Auditory Responses Using Click and Chirp Stimuli in Premature Infants

Background and Objectives: Prematurity means that the baby is born before 37 months of age, which leads to various problems, including hearing defects. Timely detection of hearing loss with the help of tools that facilitate this identification, can have a significant impact on the child’s personal, social, and educational development. The aim of the present study was to achieve better responses using the chirp stimulus along with the click. The chirp stimulus can compensate for the time delay caused by low-frequency stimuli and increases the simultaneous presentation of high and low frequencies in the cochlea. Therefore, the morphology of the waves is improved, and the amplitude of responses increases; thus, the waves can be better identified despite the prematurity of the infants. Methods: Eighy newborns were examined in four groups, which were divided into term and preterm groups based on gestational age (including late preterm, moderate, and very preterm). The intensity of the click and chirp stimuli was fixed at 40 and 80 dB. The amplitude and latency of waves I, III, and V, the inter-peak latencies of I-III, III-V, and I-V, as well as the ratio of the amplitude of wave V/I were among the compared parameters. It should be mentioned in tables paired t-test was used in cases marked with *. Wilcoxon test was used in other cases. Results: The chirp stimulus mainly had less latency than the click stimulus and created a larger amplitude at a high intensity (80 dB). In the intensity close to the threshold, i.e. 40 dB, these findings were slightly different. The more developed the infants, the stronger the responses and the more effective the chirp stimulus in eliciting responses. Conclusion: The chirp stimulus was more effective in obtaining multiple components of brainstem-evoked responses in infants, especially preterm infants, and investigating the status of their auditory system. The use of a higher sample size could lead to an increase in the growth of clinical use and better efficiency of diagnostic protocols and responses

Cardioprotective Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: We assessed the potential efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods: Seventy STEMI patients who presented ≤12 hours after the onset of symptoms and were scheduled for PPCI were randomly assigned to the standard treatments plus CoQ10 or placebo. In the intervention group, CoQ10, as an oral capsule at a dose of 400 mg, was loaded immediately before PPCI and continued at 200 mg twice daily for 28 days. The control group received a matching placebo, similarly. The study endpoints were the proportion of patients with complete myocardial reperfusion, defined as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow and myocardial blush grade (MBG) 3 at the end of PPCI, the proportion of patients with complete ST-segment elevation resolution (≥70%) assessed 60 minutes after PPCI, the plasma levels of creatine kinase myocardial band isoenzyme (CK-MB) and troponin I (TnI) at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after PPCI, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at day 28. Results: The study groups were comparable regarding baseline clinical and procedural characteristics. The proportion of patients with TIMI flow grade 3, MBG 3, and complete ST resolution after completion of PPCI was similar between the groups. Whereas at all-time points after PPCI (12, 24, 48, and 72 hours), the plasma levels of CK-MB and TnI were significantly lower in the CoQ10 group than in the control group. Further, at day 28, CoQ10-treated patients exhibited better LVEF than placebo-treated patients, and the proportion of patients with LVEF less than 50% was lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: Our study provided evidence that CoQ10 supplementation might reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury after PPCI and help to preserve left ventricular function. However, further studies are required to validate these results

Omics Integration Analyses Reveal the Early Evolution of Malignancy in Breast Cancer

The majority of cancer evolution studies involve individual-based approaches that neglect the population dynamics necessary to build a global picture of cancer evolution for each cancer type. Here, we conducted a population-based study in breast cancer to understand the timing of malignancy evolution and its correlation to the genetic evolution of pathological stages. In an omics integrative approach, we integrated gene expression and genomic aberration data for pre-invasive (ductal carcinoma in situ; DCIS, early-stage) and post-invasive (invasive ductal carcinoma; IDC, late-stage) samples and investigated the evolutionary role of further genetic changes in later stages compared to the early ones. We found that single gene alterations (SGAs) and copy-number alterations (CNAs) work together in forward and backward evolution manners to fine-tune the signaling pathways operating in tumors. Analyses of the integrated point mutation and gene expression data showed that (i) our proposed fine-tuning concept is also applicable to metastasis, and (ii) metastases sometimes diverge from the primary tumor at the DCIS stage. Our results indicated that the malignant potency of breast tumors is constant over the pre- and post-invasive pathological stages. Indeed, further genetic alterations in later stages do not establish de novo malignancy routes; however, they serve to fine-tune antecedent signaling pathways

Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Persistent Epithelial Defects and Ulceration due to Pseudomonas Keratitis in a Rabbit Model

Purpose: The use of amniotic membrane has been suggested in the treatment ofinfectious keratitis for its intrinsic anti-infective properties probably mediated by its antiinflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) along with ciprofloxacin to cure the primary stages of Pseudomonas keratitis. Methods: In total, 28 rabbits were selected and divided in four groups as follows: group 1 as control, group 2 with amniotic membrane, group 3 with ciprofloxacin, and group 4 with amniotic membrane combined with ciprofloxacin. About 0.05 cc suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 27853 ATCC was injected into corneal stroma. Results: The results showed groups of AMT, AMT + ciprofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin had 0% perforation while the control group had 85.6%. Average infiltration of 5.5 mm was observed in ciprofloxacin group, 5 mm in AMT + ciprofloxacin group, 24 mm in AMT group, and finally 23.75 mm for control. Amniotic membrane showed to be effective in prevention of cornea perforation as well as remission of Pseudomonas keratitis. There was no significant difference between ciprofloxacin groups in comparison with ciprofloxacin + AMT group. However, regarding the anti-inflammatory effect, the process of improvement of inflammation in ciprofloxacin + AMT group was faster. Conclusion: Transplantation of amniotic membrane in the primary stages of Pseudomonas keratitis treatment remarkably prevents the disease and it can be used to control its process

Infectious Diarrhea Risks as a Public Health Emergency in Floods; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction: Infectious diarrhea, a significant global health challenge, is exacerbated by flooding, a consequence of climate change and environmental disruption. This comprehensive study aims to quantify the association between flooding events and the incidence of infectious diarrhea, considering diverse demographic, environmental, and pathogen-specific factors. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, adhering to PROSPERO protocol (CRD42024498899), we evaluated observational studies from January 2000 to December 2023. The analysis incorporated global data from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and ProQuest, focusing on the relative risk (RR) of diarrhea post-flooding. The study encompassed diverse variables like age, sex, pathogen type, environmental context, and statistical modeling approaches. Results: The meta-analysis, involving 42 high-quality studies, revealed a substantial increase (RR = 1.40, 95% CI [1.29–1.52]) in the incidence of diarrhea following floods. Notably, bacterial and parasitic diarrheas demonstrated higher RRs (1.82 and 1.35, respectively) compared to viral etiologies (RR = 1.15). A significant sex disparity was observed, with women exhibiting a higher susceptibility (RR = 1.55) than men (RR = 1.35). Adults (over 15 years) faced a greater risk than younger individuals, highlighting age-dependent vulnerability. Conclusion: This extensive analysis confirms a significant correlation between flood events and increased infectious diarrhea risk, varying across pathogens and demographic groups. The findings highlight an urgent need for tailored public health interventions in flood-prone areas, focusing on enhanced sanitation, disease surveillance, and targeted education to mitigate this elevated risk. Our study underscores the critical importance of integrating flood-related health risks into global public health planning and climate change adaptation strategies