The Effect of Diabetes Training through Social Networks on Metabolic Control of Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes

Background: Due to spread of smart phones, opportunity to train patients with diabetes and communicate with them using social media is rising. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of training through two popular social networks in Iran (“Telegram” and “Soroush”) and the metabolic control of people with Type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, we recruited 134 patients with type 2 diabetes, which randomly allocated into two groups: the intervention and the control group on a 1:1 basis. The intervention comprised a training package that delivered to the intervention group via social media for 45 days. The primary outcome measures included awareness of diabetes management and physical activity level while secondary outcome measures were HbA1c and lipid profile. Results: Social network training led to the increase of the patients' awareness (44.31±2.78 to 46.88±2.25 in intervention group vs. 44.14±3.85 to 44.41±3.87 in control group) and physical activities level (23.64±8.46 to 31.68±7.12 in intervention group vs. 26.20±9.39 to 30.20±8.11 in control group) (p-value<0.001). Besides, LDL and HDL levels, and HbA1c (8.19±2.10 to 8.05±1.96 in intervention group vs. 7.53±1.67 to 7.45±1.34 in control group) decreased significantly (p-value<0.05). Conclusions: Changes in lifestyle and challenges of the patients' attendance in diabetes training sessions, declared that use of social networkscan be useful to train diabetes patients remotely, and it is feasible to send training messages to help them improve their diabetes care

EFFECT OF HYDROPLANE PROFILE ON HYDRODYNAMIC COEFFICIENTS OF AN AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLE

AUVs are the most suitable tool for conduction survey concerning with global environmental problems. AUVs maneuverability should be carefully checked so as to improve energy efficiency of the vehicle and avoid unexpected motion. Oblique towing test (OTT) is simulated virtually in a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) environment to obtain hydrodynamic damping coefficients of a full-scale autonomous underwater vehicle. Simulations are performed for bare hull and hull equipped with four different hydroplanes. The hydrodynamic forces and moment are obtained to calculate hydrodynamic coefficients. Nonlinear damping coefficients are also obtained by using suitable curve fitting. Experiments of resistance and OTT are carried out in specific condition, for validation purpose. Following the extracting numerical results a mathematical model is developed to calculate hydrodynamic force for different sail type in order to predict autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) maneuverability. The results shows good agreement between theory and experiment

Relationship between Phosphatase and Tensin Gene Expression and Clinicopathologic Features of Breast Cancer in Patients who Underwent Biopsy or Breast Surgery

Background: Phosphatase and tensin (PTEN) gene is a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 10q23 that is composed of 11 exons. Several studies have shown that loss of PTEN function is a common occurrence in breast cancer in particular in triple negative type, and it is significantly associated with age and higher stage of cancer. In this study, the expression of this gene in malignant breast cancer tissue samples and their correlation with clinicopathologic parameters was studied.Methods: In this retrospective study, 65 malignant tissue samples were chosen for immunohistochemistry (IHC) test. Other information about clinicopathologic features were collected from pathology reports and patients’ medical records. IHC on the selected paraffin blocks was performed, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS software and chi-square test. P < 0.0500 was considered statistically significant.Results: PTEN expression rate in malignant breast tissue was 50.8% of the cases (33 out of 65 samples). Lack of PTEN expression had significant correlation with involvement of the lymph node sent by the sample, vascular or perineural invasion, metastasis and chemotherapy background, spontaneous malignancy presence, familial history, negative progesterone receptor, negative estrogen receptor, and positive her2/neu. No relationship was observed between the expression of PTEN with patients’ age, tumor size, age group of the patients after categorization into two groups of under 50 years and over 50 years, lesion location (left or right breast), and tumor grade.Conclusions: The results showed PTEN loss as a frequent event in breast cancer that is closely associated with progression and poor prognosis. PTEN loss might predict more aggressive behavior and worse outcomes in patients with breast cancer

Research Paper: Sex Identification by Morphometric Study of Hyoid Bone

Background: Morphometric measurements are important for identification in forensic medicine. Gender is one of the important components of identity. Many studies have reported that hyoid bone can be used for sex estimation but this claim must be verified in different populations.Methods: We evaluated 372 hyoid bones of 15 to 87 years old Iranian people who had a valid identity certification. Nine anthropometric indices of hyoid bone were measured and investigated in this regard. Computerized tomography scan was done after fixation of dissected tissue in formalin. Logistic regression analysis was performed. The cut-off point (ROC) and discriminative formula were determined.Results: In this study, hyoid bones of Iranian bodies were studied, of which 217 were male and 155 were female cases. The length of the hyoid body, great left horn length, angle between right great horn and left great horn with body of hyoid are associated with sex determination. Conclusion: Hyoid bone in male is generally larger than in females. The result indicate that the hyoid bone morphometry with a high degree of accuracy can determine the sex. Discriminant formula was determined for hyoid bone

The Role of Index and Ring Fingers in Gender Identification and Height Estimation

Background: It is a challenge in forensic medicine to identify deceased bodies when body dismembered from remaining body parts, such as hands, arms, and feet. We aimed to determine gender and the correlation between stature, and index and ring fingers in an Iranian population.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 Iranian students aged between 18 and 25 years were included (2016-2017). The length of the nondominant index and ring fingers were measured from proximal crease to the tip. The exclusion criteria were a history of heavy physical work by hand, hand vocational sports, anatomical musculoskeletal deformities, and chronic internal diseases (diabetes, thyroid disorders, renal failure, etc.). The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS. t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and correlation and regression models were used to analyze the achieved data.Results: The mean height was 179 cm in males and 164 cm in females. The mean index and ring fingers lengths were 73 mm and 74 mm in males, and 68 mm and 68 mm in females, respectively. The mean sum of index and ring fingers lengths were 147 mm in males and 136 mm in females. Height, index and ring fingers length, and the sum of them significantly differed between genders (P<0.0001). The accuracy of gender determination was 92%, 71%, 73% and 74.5% in terms of stature, index finger length, ring finger length, and the sum of index and ring fingers length, respectively. The correlation between height and index finger length, as well as the height and ring finger length, were significant in males, females, and total cases (P<0.0001).Conclusion: Based on this study, index and ring fingers lengths can be used to predict height and determine gender.

Comparing the Accuracy of Morphometric and Morphological Criteria of Hip Bone in Gender Determination

Background: A primary aim of forensic medicine is gender determination. Although hip is the optimal bone for this purpose, different determining criteria of this bone do not have the same accuracy. This is important in conditions that only parts of hip remain to determine gender. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of different hip criteria in gender determination. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated a total of 160 paired hips (80 males and 80 females) removed from the bodies for bone transplantation. Morphometric criteria were vertical and horizontal acetabular diameters and superior and inferior pubic ramus widths. Morphological criteria were a greater sciatic notch, obturator foramen, pubic body, preauricular sulcus, acetabular fossa position, and ischial tuberosity. The obtained data were analyzed using Cross Tab, t-test, and logistic regression analysis by SPSS. The significance level was set at P<0.05.Results: There was no significant difference in morphometric and morphological criteria between the studied left and right hip bones (P>0.05). In gender determination, acetabular diameter and greater sciatic notch had the highest accuracy (85%), and obturator foramen (67.5%) and superior and inferior pubic ramus widths (65%) had the lowest accuracy.Conclusion: Hip bone is not always completely available and preserved to determine gender. Moreover, sometimes not all anthropometric criteria of the bone are in favor of one gender. Therefore, investigating the accuracy of different criteria can be very important in interpreting the results. Thus, it has always been emphasized on the use of all available information in gender determination

Оптимизация деятельности предприятия за счёт внедрения инструментов бережливого производства

Объект исследования: основные бизнес-процессы ООО "Чистый дом". Цель работы: разработка предложений по улучшению бизнес-процессов в ООО "Чистый дом". В процессе исследования был проведен анализа бизнес-процессов ООО "Чистый дом", выявлены текущие проблемы процесса, разработаны мероприятий по их решению.Object of research: the main business processes of ООО "Чистый дом". Purpose of work: odevelopment of proposals for improving business processes at ООО "Чистый дом". In the course of the study, an analysis of the business processes of ООО "Чистый дом" was carried out, the current problems of the process were identified, and measures were developed to solve them

Blood lead level and related factors in ADHD patients of Loghman Hakim Hospital in 2016- 2017

Introduction: Lead is a highly neurotoxic metal mainly in early life. In this study we investigate blood lead level (BLL) in children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and some related factors mainly opium exposure, as a source of lead exposure in recent years in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study children & adolescents aged < 18 years in Child Neurology Clinic of Loghman Hakim hospital with ADHD criteria according to DMS-V in Tehran-Iran were studied. Lead Care II checked BLLs using 0.5-milliliter heparinzed venous blood. Demographics characteristic   and some   related factors such as old housing, parents’ job, pica, opium exposure were   asked and analyzed. Results: Fifty-one children and adolescents <18 years, 25.5% female and 74.5% male with mean ages of    71.4+30.3 months entered the study. Mean BLL was 6.34+2.63  µg/dl. The mean BLL in 100 normal children in Loghman Hakim hospital was 3.4 µg/dl. Mean BLL was 57/6 µg/dl in boys and60/6  µg/dl in girls, (p=0.973).  Also, the difference in mean BLLs were not significant in terms of living place, sex, age, pica and parents job.  Totally, 43 patients (84.3%) of the study samples had BLL ≥5 µg/dl. The highest blood lead level in our patient was 20.1 µg/dl. Eighteen (32.7%) of our patients have positive history for opium exposure in their family that BLL in this group was 5.84 µg/dl in comparison 6.95 µg/dl in cases with no opium exposure, that there were not statistically significant. (p=0.148) Conclusion: Based on the results of our study, clinicians are encouraged to take accurately attention about possible lead exposure and to rule out environmental hazards when evaluating for ADHD, particularly in young children and laboratory investigation for this toxin in high-risk cases and further researches recommende