Poole-Frenkel Conduction in Cu/Nano-SnO 2

It is well known that metal/Tin-dioxide/metal sandwich structures exhibit a field-assisted lowering of the potential barrier between donor-like center and the conduction band edge, known as the Poole-Frenkel effect. This behavior is indicated by a linear dependence of Iog  on 1/2, where is the current density, and is the applied voltage. In this study, the electrical properties of Cu/nano-SnO2/Cu sandwich structures were investigated through current-voltage measurements at room temperature. Also, an attempt to explore the governing current flow mechanism was tried. Our results indicate that noticeable feature appearing clearly in the current-voltage characterization is the Poole-Frenkel and space-charge-limited conduction mechanisms

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, X-Ray Line Analysis and Chemical Composition Study

TiO2 nanoparticleshave been synthesized by the sol-gel method using titanium alkoxide and isopropanolas a precursor. The structural properties and chemical composition of the TiO2 nanoparticles were studied usingX-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The X-ray powder diffraction pattern confirms that the particles are mainly composed of the anatase phase with the preferential orientation along [101] direction.The physical parameters such as strain, stress and energy density were investigated from the Williamson- Hall (W-H) plot assuming a uniform deformation model (UDM), and uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM). The W-H analysis shows an anisotropic nature of the strain in nanopowders. The scanning electron microscopy image shows clear TiO2 nanoparticles with particle sizes varying from 60 to 80nm. The results of mean particle size of TiO2 nanoparticles show an inter correlation with the W-H analysis and SEM results. Our X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra show that nearly a complete amount of titanium has reacted to TiO2

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, X-Ray Line Analysis and Chemical Composition Study

TiO2 nanoparticleshave been synthesized by the sol-gel method using titanium alkoxide and isopropanolas a precursor. The structural properties and chemical composition of the TiO2 nanoparticles were studied usingX-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The X-ray powder diffraction pattern confirms that the particles are mainly composed of the anatase phase with the preferential orientation along [101] direction. The physical parameters such as strain, stress and energy density were investigated from the Williamson- Hall (W-H) plot assuming a uniform deformation model (UDM), and uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM). The W-H analysis shows an anisotropic nature of the strain in nanopowders. The scanning electron microscopy image shows clear TiO2 nanoparticles with particle sizes varying from 60 to 80nm. The results of mean particle size of TiO2 nanoparticles show an inter correlation with the W-H analysis and SEM results. Our X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra show that nearly a complete amount of titanium has reacted to TiO

Ba-doped ZnO nanostructure: X-ray line analysis and optical properties in visible and low frequency infrared

In this work, X-ray diffraction analysis and optical properties of pure and Ba-doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared by the precipitation method were investigated. X-ray analysis was employed to evaluate the micro structural parameters of ZnO nanoparticles in terms of crystallite sizes and lattice strain by the Williamson–Hall method. The average crystallite size of Ba-doped ZnO nanoparticles estimated by the Williamson–Hall method varied as the doping concentration increased. The effect of Ba doping on the photoluminescence (PL) emission spectrum of ZnO was also investigated. The temperature dependence of the PL emissions was also studied, and it was found that at low temperature, the samples show stronger emissions than those at room temperature in both UV and visible regions. As a final point, the FT–IR reflection spectrum along with Kramers–Kronig (K–K) method and classical dispersion theory was applied to obtain optical properties of the samples at low frequency infrared regime